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Aidan T. Parkinson Richard Reid Harriet McKerrow Darren Wright 《Building Research & Information》2018,46(4):430-443
An explorative statistical analysis of consistent non-domestic building performance studies is conducted non-domestic buildings (n?=?47) to validate the universal positions of comfort widely cited in industry guidance and standards. The Building Use Studies (BUS) methodology for evaluating occupant satisfaction employed by these studies was tested for reliability and the factor structure explored. The reliability of this method was found to be ‘excellent’ and eight latent variables that characterize a hierarchical factor structure induced. Increased visual display unit use and open-plan arrangements were found to be associated with negative occupant perceptions. This suggests that privacy and personal communication may be defining issues for occupant satisfaction, with implications for space planning. Significantly different perceptions towards air quality and conditions in winter were observed between gender and those familiar with their environments were found to have a tendency to hold more negative perceptions more broadly. It has also been found that perceptions towards seasonal conditions may be improved by providing local control to mechanical services. Such insights highlight the limitations of reliance on positivist theory. Hence, it is recommended that high-performance buildings be provided control and management systems that learn from those occupying the building over time, cautiously adapting service provision accordingly. 相似文献
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The role of environmental feedback within architects' offices is examined as a fundamental ingredient of sustainability. Three case study buildings are examined using a feedback exercise encompassing the whole building process from early key design decisions to occupation. Results show that sometimes design decisions are taken for aesthetic reasons without certainty on their environmental impact. Improvements are possible especially in energy consumption, glare, the usability of controls, the communication of strategies and comfort conditions. The architects report the feedback lessons relevant for their work. A systematic approach to project feedback is proposed with emphasis in feeding forward to new projects and recording decision-making. To close the information loop, briefs need explicitly to mention performance targets for energy use, management expectations, control requirements and to promote feedback itself. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTRaymond J. Cole’s body of work, spanning sustainable design, system complexity and human agency, has encouraged researchers to reconceptualize the notions of comfort and building performance. However, methods for predicting energy use and assessing environmental performance have remained predominantly within a reductionist approach common to physics and engineering. The recognition that building performance is characterized by interactive adaptivity and co-evolution of the physical with the social has not been matched by the generation of new methods. Although social practice theories that articulate the socio-technical nature of the built environment have been increasingly appropriated to understand occupants’ role in performance, the challenge of studying buildings as complex socio-technical systems remains. This methodological paper discusses the application of the case study method (CSM) to the study of 10 retrofit projects selected from the Retrofit for the Future (RfF) Programme in UK between 2011 and 2012. Guided by Greene’s framework for methodological discourse, the epistemic regime is articulated under four headings: philosophical assumptions, investigative logics, guidelines for practice and contribution to system perspective. The discussion of these domains highlights the fecundity of CSM in providing a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between social and technical systems in performance. 相似文献
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This paper introduces a research frontier in landscape architecture—landscape performance benefits assessment. In an initiative proposed by the Landscape Architecture Foundation (LAF), leading landscape architecture firms and academic institutions have been collaborating on studies that quantitatively assess environmental, economic and social benefits of high-profile landscape design projects. This study describes the components and processes of LAF landscape performance research and specifically evaluates the status of social benefits assessment, a critical though under-investigated aspect of landscape design sustainability. Using 58 published LAF case studies, the study examines to what extent social benefits are quantified compared with stated design goals, the benefits across the LAF case portfolio (e.g. per benefit category and project type), and methods and data options available to perform the analyses. Finally, the study provides suggestions on improving landscape performance research, particularly social benefits, in the enterprise of achieving evidence-based designs that are anchored in quantitative performance measures. 相似文献
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传统本科建筑学专业建筑师业务实践教学注重实践能力培养,而轻视创新创业、人际交往和管理等综合能力培养。基于该现状,以湖北工业大学为例,从当下建筑学学生能力与行业需求脱节、培养方式和职业规划多元化需求不匹配等问题出发,提出了双创型工作室建筑实践教育模式。该模式以专业实践教育为核心,以创新创业教育、理论教育和综合能力培养为模块,以评价机制、激励机制和竞争机制为保障,以培养“专业实践型+”多元化建筑人才为目标,以期推动高校建筑学科实践培养体系改革,提升建筑学专业创新创业教育效果。 相似文献
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通过梳理外国建筑师在曾代岭南建筑创作实践的历程,解析其建筑作品的主要特点,指岀其创作实践更直接且直观地将西方多元的建筑理论与设计方法传入岭南。然而,外国建筑师在岭南的创作实践具有积极和消极的双重影响,必须以辩证与理性的态度去面对。 相似文献
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Isaac A. Meir Moshe Schwartz Yosefa Davara Yaakov Garb 《Building Research & Information》2019,47(4):437-452
ABSTRACTThe prevalence of mechanical climatization in office buildings, alongside the dictate to conserve energy, has misguidedly promoted the construction of buildings with non-operable windows. Research shows that such buildings are detrimental to their occupants’ wellbeing and productivity, sometimes causing them to feel overcooled or overheated. This post-occupancy evaluation illustrates such problems through the case study of a courthouse building in a hot arid environment. A strong association is shown between occupant satisfaction, building ventilation and sense of wellbeing at work. A positive correlation was found between satisfaction with personal control, and overall satisfaction survey results show that workers express a willingness to compromise future salary rises in order to receive operable windows. Key lessons for architects are discussed. 相似文献
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Clare Dykes 《Building Research & Information》2014,42(1):62-71
While the indoor environment can affect occupants' perceptions of their comfort, health and productivity in buildings, little information exists on what would constitute appropriate benchmarks for these matters. If users' perceptions of building performance are to be addressed and improved, then it is essential to have a reliable, standardized set of benchmarks against which to measure them. A pilot study is presented that tested a range of benchmarking approaches using a small dataset of 30 commercial and institutional buildings. The database included the mean scores from each of the 30 buildings for each indoor environmental quality question in the Building Use Studies (BUS) questionnaire, including those on lighting, comfort, noise and the like. This dataset allowed exploration of the construction of potential benchmarks and the demonstration of systems that could be replicated internationally. It was found to be feasible to establish benchmarks from the questionnaire data received. The variety of forms these benchmarks can take is demonstrated; and the advantages and disadvantages of each are described. For example, absolute benchmarks had the advantage of being able to be assessed without the need for a representative sample, while relative benchmarks gave an assessment of how each variable rated against a larger dataset. 相似文献
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文章着重探讨了在建筑设计教学中,如何通过教学设计和教学组织,强调学生对建筑技术相关知识的理解与运用,引导学生将建筑设计构思的源泉扩展到建筑技术方面,从而逐步培养学生的建筑设计创新意识和能力。 相似文献
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C. Alan Short 《Building Research & Information》2013,41(2):195-199
The September 2007 Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) Research Symposium was particularly and perhaps unexpectedly well attended this year. This review speculates on the context for this renewed interest in research in architecture. The audience was swelled by many more practitioners than the organizers expected, architects interested in understanding more about ‘reflective practice’. This evocative term, credited to Donald Schon, was given new force on the day by keynote speaker Leon von Schaik's account of his Melbourne Masters Architecture initiative. Subsequent speakers reported here included Piers Gough, Sean Griffiths, Kathryn Findlay, Jane Rendell, Deborah Saunt, Alex de Rijke, and Susan Francis who tackled, from various directions, the principal question emerging on the day: ‘What is design research as applied to architecture?’ Speakers presented built and unbuilt projects as ‘design research’. In one notable case, the designer denied absolutely any research dimension to his work, anxious that an increased level of consciousness would dismantle inspiration. How might what the general academic research community considers as research, rigorously applied methodology, and unprejudiced analysis, have affected the projects shown? Is it helpful for design to be cast as research? Is there a missing third category, a funding stream for gathering innovative design work to add to those of ‘teaching and learning’ and ‘research’? Might this new stream stimulate more than self-reflection, a much-needed innovative design programme outside conventional practice, but within academic institutions collaborating closely with practice? Le Symposium de septembre 2007 du RIBA (Institut royal des architectes britanniques) consacré à la recherche a rencontré cette année un succès particulier et quelque peu inattendu. Cet article s'interroge sur le contexte de l'intérêt renouvelé pour la recherche en architecture. Les participants comptaient dans leurs rangs beaucoup plus de praticiens que les organisateurs n'attendaient, des architectes cherchant à mieux comprendre la pratique restrictive. Ce terme évocateur, attribué à Donald Schon, a reçu le soutien du principal orateur, Leon von Schaik, évoquant son initiative Melbourne Masters Architecture initiative. Parmi les autres orateurs, on notait Piers Gough, Sean Griffiths, Kathryn Findlay, Jane Rendell, Deborah Saunt, Alex de Rijke et Susan Francis qui se sont attaqués sous des angles différents à la principale question de la journée: « Qu'est-ce que la recherche conceptuelle appliquée à l'architecture?». Les orateurs ont présenté des projets construits et non construits en matière de ‘recherche conceptuelle’. Dans un cas remarquable, le concepteur a rejeté toute dimension de recherche dans son travail, insistant sur le fait qu'un niveau de conscience plus élevé détruirait l'inspiration. Comment ce que la communauté des chercheurs académiques en général considère comme recherche, méthodologie rigoureusement appliquée, et analyse sans préjudice pourraient affecter les projets présentés? Est-il utile que de la conception soit classée dans la recherche? Existe-t-il une troisième catégorie manquante, un flux de financement pour rassembler les travaux de conception novateurs et les ajouter aux travaux d'enseignement, d'apprentissage et de recherche? Ce nouveau courant pourrait-il stimuler davantage que l'autoréflexion, un programme de conception novateur très nécessaire en dehors des pratiques classiques, mais au sein d'institutions universitaires collaborant étroitement avec les praticiens? Mots clés: pratique architecturale, recherche conceptuelle, politique publique, pratique réfléchie, programme de recherche, stratégie de recherche 相似文献
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本文介绍了混沌理论的概念特征,讨论其对当代建筑设计思想的影响。以不同时期的几个日本建筑师的作品为例,分析了混沌理论在建筑设计发展过程中的不同的运用。 相似文献
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回顾了建筑师在中国社会经济发展的不同阶段里,在工业建筑设计上所起到的不同的作用.概述了社会经济的状况对建筑师在工业建筑设计中的制约程度.对建筑师在今后工业建筑设计中需要深入考虑的问题进行了探讨. 相似文献
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The effective measurement and dissemination of the impact of design on building users requires an evaluative shift away from measuring building performance towards measuring the outcomes experienced by people. This agenda shares considerable overlap with the emerging concept of ‘social value’ and it is proposed that social impact valuation methods could fill the post-occupancy quantification gap. A review of the social impact sector identifies Social Return on Investment (SROI) as the most developed method with a robust framework for implementation. SROI generates monetized results, anticipated to enhance transferability compared with typical post-occupancy evaluation summaries and facilitate the dissemination and usefulness of findings within the design and construction industry. An in-depth account is presented of a study that trials the six stage SROI method in three non-clinical healthcare buildings; interviews, focus groups, user surveys and financial valuation techniques are used. The SROI results are summarized and the discussion provides a critical reflection on the application of SROI to the built environment: the technical challenges faced, the modifications made as a result, and the lessons learnt from this process. The conclusion offers practical recommendations for future applications of SROI to the built environment. 相似文献
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为了能够进一步提高独立学院的教学质量,根据独立学院的学生特点,北京工业大学耿丹学院对现有的建筑设计初步课程进行针对性的探索实践,使学生们更容易的去学习其在大学期间应该学得的知识。 相似文献
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在建筑设计过程中,节能理念的体现显得尤为重要。本文通过多年的工作经验及结合相关材料对建筑设计中的建筑节能展开解析。 相似文献