具有热阻和热漏的再热布雷顿循环性能分析

用有限时间热力学方法建立了一个工作在恒温热源TH、TL之间,存在热阻、热漏和再热的定常流空气标准闭式布雷顿循环模型。导出了其功率、效率的一般关系并对其进行优化,得到循环的基本优化关系;分析了在傅立叶导热定律下再热对循环最优性能的影响。     

Maximum power of an endoreversible intercooled Brayton cycle

This paper describes an application of finite‐time thermodynamics to optimize the power output of endoreversible intercooled Brayton cycles coupled to two heat reservoirs with infinite thermal capacitance rates. The effects of intercooling on the maximum power and maximum‐power efficiency of an endoreversible Brayton cycle are examined. With appropriate temperature ratios of turbines and compressors being used, the maximum power output of an endoreversible intercooled Brayton cycle can be higher than that of an endoreversible simple Brayton cycle without lowering the thermal efficiency. New diagrams for maximum power, maximum‐power thermal efficiency, and optimum temperature ratios of turbines and compressors are reported. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

变温热源条件下内可逆闭式中冷回热布雷顿循环的功率优化

计入工质与高低浊侧换热器、回热器和中冷器的热阻损失以功率为优化目标，借助数值计算，研究了变温热源条件下内可逆闭式中冷回热布雷顿循环输出功率最大时，高低温侧换热器、回热器和中冷器的热导率分配以及中间压比与总压比的关系；分析了工质与热源间的热容率匹配对双重最大功率的影响。     

内可逆空气制冷机性能的生态学优化

基于[火用]分析的观点，运用有限时间热力学方法对内可逆空气制冷机进行生态学优化，导出了换热器热导最优分配时的最佳制冷功率、熵产率以及生态学（E）目标函数的解析式，进一步求得最大E目标值时的工质等熵温比（压比）界限及相应的制冷系数、制冷功率和熵产率；采用数值计算分析了热源温比、换热器总热导以及高温热源温度和环境温度之比对该制冷机生态学最优性能的影响。结果表明：生态学目标函数不仅反映了[火用]输出率和熵产率之间的最佳折衷，而且也反映了制冷功率和制冷系数之间的最佳折衷。     

变温热源内可逆中冷回热布雷顿循环功率密度分析

用有限时间热力学方法分析内可逆变温热源中冷回热布雷顿循环,导出了无因次功率密度的解析式,由数值计算给出了燃气轮机功率密度特性,分析了循环中各热力参数对功率密度的影响,并对最大功率工况与最大功率密度工况下的主要参数进行了比较,得出了最大功率密度设计的优点和不足。     

普适内可逆热机循环模型的(火用)经济性能优化

用有限时间热力学方法分析工作在恒温热源TH、TL之间内可逆普适热机循环模型的经济性能,导出循环利润率与工质温比、热效率与工质温比的关系式;以及利润率和效率的特性关系。所得结果包含了内可逆D iese、lO tto、A tk inson和B rayton循环的有限时间经济性能。     

Maximum useful energy-rate analysis of an endoreversible Joule–Brayton cogeneration cycle

Endoreversible Joule–Brayton cogeneration cycle has been optimized based on a new criterion, total useful energy-rate (including power output and useful heat output), and the efficiency at maximum total useful energy rate has also been determined. The effects of various cycle parameters on the maximum dimensionless total useful-energy rate and the efficiency at maximum total useful-energy rate have been assessed. Variations of dimensionless total useful-energy rate with respect to efficiency have also been analyzed. The reversible Joule–Brayton power cycle is a special case of the analyzed cycle.     

Exergetic sustainability evaluation and optimization of an irreversible Brayton cycle performance

Owing to the energy demands and global warming issue, employing more effective power cycles has become a responsibility. This paper presents a thermodynamical study of an irreversible Brayton cycle with the aim of optimizing the performance of the Brayton cycle. Moreover, four different schemes in the process of multi-objective optimization were suggested, and the outcomes of each scheme are assessed separately. The power output, the concepts of entropy generation, the energy, the exergy output, and the exergy efficiencies for the irreversible Brayton cycle are considered in the analysis. In the first scheme, in order to maximize the exergy output, the ecological function and the ecological coefficient of performance, a multi-objective optimization algorithm (MOEA) is used. In the second scheme, three objective functions including the exergetic performance criteria, the ecological coefficient of performance, and the ecological function are maximized at the same time by employing MOEA. In the third scenario, in order to maximize the exergy output, the exergetic performance criteria and the ecological coefficient of performance, a MOEA is performed. In the last scheme, three objective functions containing the exergetic performance criteria, the ecological coefficient of performance, and the exergy-based ecological function are maximized at the same time by employing multi-objective optimization algorithms. All the strategies are implemented via multi-objective evolutionary algorithms based on the NSGAII method. Finally, to govern the final outcome in each scheme, three well-known decision makers were employed.     

Ecological performance analysis of an endoreversible regenerative Brayton heat-engine

A performance analysis based on an ecological performance criterion has been performed for an endoreversible regenerative Brayton heat-engine. In the model, the heat-transfer irreversibilities were considered and other irreversibilities were neglected. The ecologic objective-function, defined as the power output minus the loss rate of availability is taken as the optimization criterion. The optimum performance parameters that maximize the ecological objective function are investigated. The effect of the regenerator effectiveness on the global and optimal performance have been discussed. The results obtained are compared with those of the maximum-power criterion.     

工质变比热和传热损失对内可逆矩形循环性能的影响

用有限时间热力学理论和方法分析空气标准矩形循环,由数值计算给出了存在传热损失和工质变比热时循环功与压缩比、效率与压缩比以及功和效率的特性关系,并分析了传热损失和工质变比热对循环性能的影响特点,通过分析可知传热和变比热特性对矩形循环性能有较大影响。     

布雷顿与斯特林联合循环性能分析

本文构建了一个由布雷顿循环与斯特林循环组成的新型联合循环,用有限时间热力学的方法分析具有热阻、热漏的布雷顿与斯特林联合循环性能。导出了在牛顿传热律下联合循环无因次功率、效率的解析式,并通过数值算例得到它们之间的关系。分析并研究了各种参数对联合循环的性能影响。     

Exergoeconomic performance of an endoreversible Carnot heat pump with complex heat transfer law

The finite-time exergoeconomic performance of an endoreversible Carnot heat pump with a complex heat transfer law, including generalized convective heat transfer law and generalized radiative heat transfer law q∝ (Δ T ⁿ ) ^m , is investigated in this paper. The focus of this paper is to obtain the compromised optimization between economics (profit) and the energy utilization factor (coefficient of performance, COP) for the endoreversible Carnot heat pump, by searching the optimum COP at maximum profit, which is termed as the finite-time exergoeconomic performance bound. The obtained results include those obtained in much of the literature and can provide some theoretical guidance for the design of practical heat pumps.     

内可逆矩形循环有限时间热力学分析

应用有限时间热力学理论分析了空气标准矩形循环的性能,导出存在传热损失的空气标准矩形循环的功与膨胀比、效率与膨胀比以及功和效率的特性关系,同时分析了传热损失及循环各参数对循环性能的影响。     

高炉余能余热驱动的内可逆闭式布雷顿热电冷联产装置火用经济性能分析

用有限时间热力学理论研究恒温热源条件下由一个内可逆闭式布雷顿热机循环和一个内可逆四热源吸收式制冷循环组成的高炉余能余热驱动的热电冷联产装置的火用经济性能,导出热电冷联产装置的利润率和火用效率与压气机压比的关系。利用数值计算,分析热电比和吸收式制冷循环总放热量在吸收器和冷凝器之间的分配率对利润率与火用效率关系的影响,并研究联产装置各种参数对最大利润率及相应火用效率特性的影响。     

工质变比热和传热损失对Otto循环性能的影响

用有限时间热力学的方法分析空气标准Otto循环，由数值计算给出了存在传热损失和工质变比热时循环功率与压缩比、效率与压缩比以及功率和效率的特性关系，并分析了传热损失和工质变比热对循环性能的影响特点。通过分析可知传热和变比热特性对Otto循环性能有较大影响，所以在实际循环分析中应该予以考虑。     

Performance optimisation for two classes of combined regenerative Brayton and inverse Brayton cycles

This paper proposes a new cyclic model of combined regenerative Brayton and inverse Brayton cycles. The new combined regenerative Brayton and inverse Brayton cycles recover heat energy after the working fluid leaves the turbine of the inverse Brayton cycle while the original combined regenerative Brayton and inverse Brayton cycles recover heat energy before the working fluid enters the turbine of the inverse Brayton cycle. Performance analysis and optimisation of the two classes combined cycles are carried out. Furthermore, the effect of the regenerator on the performance of the two combined cycles is analysed. It is found that the new combined cycle can obtain higher thermal efficiency and larger specific work than those of the original combined cycle at low compressor pressure ratio of the top cycle, and the regenerator can improve the performance of both the combined cycles. By theoretical analysis of this paper, it reveals that the new combined cycle will be well applied in the prospect, and the original combined cycle will be suited to low power output equipments. This paper aims at enriching the gas turbine theory and providing a possible way to save energy.     

普适内可逆热机循环模型及其生态学优化

用有限时间热力学的方法分析了空气标准内可逆热机循环,导出了存在传热损失时,由两个加热过程、一个放热过程和两个绝热过程组成的普适的空气标准内可逆热机循环的功率、效率和生态学性能,并由数值计算分析了循环过程对循环性能的影响特点。所得结果包含了内可逆D iese l循环、O tto循环、B rayton循环、A tk inson循环和Dua l循环的特性。     

实际回热式布雷顿热电联产装置的[火用]经济性能——Ⅰ．循环模型与参数分析

应用有限时间热力学方法，研究了恒温热源条件下实际回热式布雷顿热电联产装置的[火用]经济性能，导出了利润率及[火用]效率解析式。利用数值计算方法，分析了各种设计参数对联产装置性能的影响。     

Brayton refrigeration cycle for gas turbine inlet air cooling

In this paper, a new approach to enhance the performance of gas turbines operating in hot climates is investigated. Cooling the intake air at the compressor bell mouth is achieved by an air Brayton refrigerator (reverse Joule Brayton cycle) driven by the gas turbine and uses air as the working fluid. Fraction of the air is extracted from the compressor at an intermediate pressure, cooled and then expands to obtain a cold air stream, which mixes with the ambient intake. Mass and energy balance analysis of the gas turbine and the coupled Brayton refrigerator are performed. Relationships are derived for a simple open gas turbine coupled to Brayton refrigeration cycle, the heat rejected from the cooling cycle can be utilized by an industrial process such as a desalination plant. The performance improvement in terms of power gain ratio (PGR) and thermal efficiency change (TEC) factor is calculated. The results show that for fixed pressure ratio and ambient conditions, power and efficiency improvements are functions of the extraction pressure ratio and the fraction of mass extracted from the air compressor. The performance improvement is calculated for ambient temperature of 45°C and 43.4% relative humidity. The results indicated that the intake temperature could be lowered below the ISO standard with power increase up to 19.58% and appreciable decrease in the thermal efficiency (5.76% of the site value). Additionally, the present approach improved both power gain and thermal efficiency factors if air is extracted at 2 bar which is unlike all other mechanical chilling methods. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

广义不可逆布雷森循环生态学性能系数分析

以反映热机循环输出和损失之比的生态学性能系数(ECOP)为目标,用有限时间热力学理论,对广义不可逆布雷森循环进行性能分析。导出了在牛顿传热律下广义不可逆布雷森循环无因次功率、效率、无因次熵产率、无因次生态学函数和生态学性能系数的解析式;并通过数值算例得到它们之间的关系。结果表明,内不可逆性对该热机各种性能参数产生一定的影响,以ECOP为目标优化具有效率较高,熵产率较低的优势。