固定化漆酶对二氯酚的脱氯作用

采用活性炭吸附与海藻酸钙凝胶包埋相结合的方法使Coriolus versicolor漆酶固定化.利用固定化漆酶对2,4-二氯酚进行脱氯反应,其最适pH值为4.5、最适温度为40℃.与游离酶相比,固定化酶反应的pH值和温度范围更宽,其稳定性得到了明显改善.使用柱式固定化酶反应器处理2,4-二氯酚,在批式反应工艺条件下,当底物浓度为1 mmol•L^-1、反应3～5 h, 2,4-二氯酚的去除率可达99.5%以上（脱除的氯离子浓度达0.5 mmol•L^-1）.连续8批反应的结果表明：固定化漆酶性能稳定、催化效率高,在环境污染废水治理方面具有良好的应用前景.     

曝气式反应器中木质素过氧化物酶的合成及对印染废水配制液的脱色处理

比较了黄孢原毛平革菌在3种生物反应器(搅拌式反应器、鼓泡式反应器、曝气式反应器)中合成木质素过氧化物酶(LiP)和锰过氧化物酶(MnP)的差异. 结果表明，曝气式反应器对酶的合成(尤其是LiP)最为有利. 考察了曝气式反应器中半连续培养和连续培养两种方式下酶的合成和橙I脱色情况，发现半连续培养可使培养体系长时间保持较高酶活力，置换比例为1/2时染料废水可连续脱色5批，脱色率达到90%以上，比脱色率在46.7 g/(g×d)以上. 连续培养条件下酶很快失活，废水的脱色率迅速下降. 在曝气式反应器中用半连续培养的方式(置换比例1/2)对实际印染废水进行处理，可处理废水4批，前3批脱色率达到90%以上，第4批有明显下降.     

动态膜分离式酶反应器连续操作特性研究

在应用动态膜分离技术开发研制的新型多功能酶解反应器上进行了边反应分离的连续操作过程。通过在该反应器上进行菊粉酶等单基质酶不同操作形式的水解实验，考察了不同操作方式下反应器内流体流动的特性，并分别导出了停留时间分布函数式，从而对连续酶解过程的不同运行方式进行了研究。     

动态膜分离式固定化酶反应器操作性能研究

在开发研制的动态膜分离式固定化酶反应器（ＤＭＩＲ）上进行了不同操作形式的连续酶解反应实验，证明了ＤＭＩＲ具有多功能，性得到了实验范围的ＤＭＩＲ的最适操作条件。     

膜分离式酶解反应器流体流动特性

讨论了膜分离式酶解反应器进行酶解反应操作时流体流动的特性。导出停留时间分布函数方程式，采用降阶法的阶跃方式进行了实验验证。结果表明：实验值与按分布函数方程式的计算值吻合良好，通过与连续釜式反应器（ＣＳＴＲ）停留时间分布的特征值的比较，显示出这种反应器的优越性。     

反应器操作方式对酶动力学拆分立体选择性的影响

描述了在批式反应器和连续流搅拌反应器（ＣＳＴＲ）中酶动力学拆分对映异构体的不同之处，从宏观反应器平衡角度，推导出了在ＣＳＴＲ反应器中不同于在批式反应器中的一定酶立体选择性（Ｅ）下，底物或产物的对映体过量值与反应的转化率之间关系的定量关系式。并通过商品脂肪酶及芽胞杆菌Ｅ－５３脂肪酶催化的萘普生甲酯的不对称水解反应得到了证实。分别在批式反应器和ＣＳＴＲ反应器中进行萘普生的酶法拆分，在一定转化率下，批式     

固定化假丝酵母脂肪酶合成棕榈酸异辛酯

开发了固定化假丝酵母脂肪酶99-125合成棕榈酸异辛酯的工艺.对反应温度、酶用量、底物摩尔比等酯化反应条件进行了研究.脂肪酶以吸附的形式固定在织物膜上,以1g棕榈酸、0.67g异辛醇、0.12g固定化脂肪酶和5ml石油醚组成的反应系统在40℃条件下反应24h,酯化率可达96.6%.固定化酶连续反应9批后酯化率仍维持在90%以上.     

在膜分离式酶解反应器中单基质酶受叶轮剪切换活的实验研究

研究了在膜分离式酶解反应中单基质酶受叶的轮剪切失活的现象。分别采用平板，刮刀，凹型式的叶轮在不同转速下进行实验，并在多级膜分离式酶解反应器中进行了验证。结果表明，不同的叶轮型式和叶轮转速对酶的剪切失活影响不同。     

新型连续乳液聚合反应器

介绍了4种主要连续乳液聚合反应器的研究新进展,包括连续搅拌釜式反应器、连续环管式反应器、脉冲填料塔式反应器及库爱特-泰勒旋流式反应器。提出了连续乳液聚合反应器的发展方向。     

酶膜反应器控制系统的研制

提出了实现连续酶化反应的控制方案,利用单片机实时检测反应所需温度、pH值和体积,实现自动控制以满足连续酶化反应的要求。试验结果表明转化率和产物的产率均得到提高,该方法具有推广价值。     

Effects of various reaction conditions on the hydrothermal treatment of polypeptone

This study investigated the production behavior of amino acids from polypeptone under various operation parameters and reactor modes (batch and continuous). In the batch experiments, the effect of heating time on amino acid production was studied using different type of reactor materials (Hastelloy (HAS) and SUS). The results showed that the production behavior of amino acids such as Gly, Ala, and Leu was quite similar regardless of reactor materials. To further investigate the relationship of reaction time on the amino acids production, experiments were conducted in batch and continuous reaction at the same conditions (T=523 K and P=30 MPa). The results showed that it is possible to get the same result at the same reaction time using a batch and continuous reaction mode if the reaction time is started after heating time in a batch reaction mode. From the study of reaction pressure, it was observed that the production of amino acids is not favored at reaction pressure between 4 and 30 MPa at 523 K.     

乙烯齐聚的连续化反应研究

在四元催化体系间歇釜式反应的基础上 ,本文对乙烯齐聚的连续化反应进行了系统研究 ,设计并安装了一套连续化反应装置 ,包括预反应器、反应器和闪蒸后处理装置。在连续化反应装置上 ,分别考察了催化剂进料速度、反应压力和催化剂浓度对乙烯齐聚连续化反应的影响 ,同时获得了连续化反应的最佳反应条件。经过研究发现 ,该四元催化体系的间歇釜式反应的最佳反应条件 ,也同时是连续化反应的最佳反应条件 ,齐聚反应的催化活性、C=4 -10 的选择性、1-C=4 -10 的线性选择性及产物分布等基本相同。实验证明 ,该连续化反应工艺流程可行 ,可作为未来工业化的模型装置。     

Phase transfer catalysis of alkaline hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate: Comparison of performance of batch and micro-reactors

The hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate with aqueous sodium hydroxide was studied in the batch mode as well as in the continuous mode in a micro-reactor. The progress of the reaction was analyzed both with and without a phase transfer catalyst. The concentration of the unreacted sodium hydroxide in the aqueous phase was determined by titration with hydrochloric acid to monitor the progress of the reaction. The performance of the two systems is studied for different operating conditions, i.e. concentrations of reactants, stirring speeds (in batch mode) and flow rates (in continuous mode). Conditions are identified when the performance of the micro-reactor system is superior to that of the batch system. To understand this better the performance of a 1 mm channel and a 0.4 mm channel are compared with that of the batch reactor.     

Continuous reactor preparation of thermoplastic modified epoxy‐amine prepolymers

This paper describes a new continuous reactor method to prepare thermoplastic modified epoxy prepolymers for aerospace prepregs with the aim of replacing traditional batch reactors. Compared with batch reactors, the continuous reactor is capable of producing epoxy prepolymers through simultaneous dissolution of polyethersulfone (PES) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone in tetraglycidyl‐4,4′‐ diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM). In addition, concurrent chain extension reactions advance prepolymer molecular weights to desired viscosities in less than 2 min of mean residence time. Optical micrographs were used to define how process temperature influences PES dissolution in TGDDM in a continuous reactor. Kinetic studies confirmed that the chain extension reaction in a continuous reactor is similar to that in a batch reactor, and the molecular weights and viscosities of prepolymers were readily controlled through reaction kinetics. Atomic force microscopy was used to confirm similar cured network morphologies for formulations prepared from batch and continuous reactors. Additionally tensile strength, tensile modulus and fracture toughness analyses concluded that mechanical properties of cured epoxy matrices produced from the two reactors were equivalent. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

SEBS脱镍的反应级数研究

采用柠檬酸法进行SEBS脱催化剂实验研究,分别考察了间歇与连续操作所得镍的脱除效果.Aspen软件中的Dynamic模块对—级和二级反应进行动态模拟,考察了连续操作与间歇操作所需反应时间的比值随转化率的变化规律.利用模拟所得动力学规律对实验结果进行分析,得到镍的脱除反应级数接近一级.     

结晶型氢氧化镁阻燃剂制备工艺研究

以卤片和氨水为原料,采用控制结晶工艺制备阻燃级氢氧化镁,研究了反应温度、反应时间对氢氧化镁合成的影响.并在间歇合成氢氧化镁条件实验的基础上进行了连续合成实验和水热改性实验,结果表明连续控制结晶合成的氢氧化镁产物的结晶形貌及性能明显优于间歇结晶产物.     

γ-丁内酯制备N-甲基吡咯烷酮的研究

以γ-丁内酯和甲胺水溶液为原料合成了N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP),利用气相色谱仪和全自动电位滴定仪对原料和产物进行了分析,考察了间歇反应的反应温度、反应时间、不同原料的配比等因素对NMP收率的影响,并搭建了连续化装置,在间歇反应条件的基础上进行了连续化实验,进一步优化了反应条件,为中试研究过程提供了基础数据。     

Glycerolysis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters: 2. Simulation and Experiments in Continuous Reactors

The glycerolysis of methyl ester was investigated in flow reactors. This reaction represents a liquid two-phase reaction with changing reaction rates in a batch reactor. A semi-empirical model tested earlier with batch reactor data was used to simulate different continuous processes for this reaction. Among the processes simulated, a single continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR) without recycling was considered most appropriate for experimental implementation, although simulations showed that a faster reaction rate is possible with the application of a CSTR followed by a tubular reactor with certain associated residence times. The CSTR simulations were verified experimentally. A good agreement was found between the experimental data and simulation results.     

Yeast‐mediated stereo‐selective reduction of estrone by continuous cell culture with dual stirred tanks for product yield improvement

BACKGROUND: β‐Estradiol is an important hormone for the treatment of breast cancer and osteoporosis. β‐Estradiol can be produced via Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediated reduction of estrone. However, substrate inhibition and low production yield have been observed in the batch cell culture. RESULTS: An innovative continuous cell culture with dual stirred tanks in series was designed to solve the above problems. The growth medium was fed continuously to the incubation tank where the cells were incubated aerobically; the viable cells were then supplied continuously to the reaction tank in which the yeast‐mediated anaerobic reduction of estrone was performed with continuous feed of the substrate medium and continuous withdawal of the reaction cell culture. Thus, an increase in cell productivity from about 3‐fold to 7‐fold was obtained when compared with the batch cell culture. The β‐estradiol yield was improved to 64.8% on the second reaction day, accompanied by an accumulation of 12.9 mg β‐estradiol on the third reaction day. The yield was about 10% more and the accumulated recovery of β‐estradiol was 4.3‐fold better than with the batch cell culture. The diastereomeric excess value (%de) of β‐estradiol was more than 99%. CONCLUSION: A high product yield with excellent stereo‐selectivity was achieved in a short reaction period with the developed continuous cell culture and the dual stirred tank. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

The effect of operating conditions on acylation of 2-methylnaphthalene in a microchannel reactor

Acylation of 2-methylnaphthalene(2-MN) is a very important reaction in organic synthesis,and the effiency of the continuous reactor is more than one of the batch reactor.Considering that the Friedel–Crafts acylation is a rapid exothermic reaction,in this study,we perform the acylation of 2-MN in a stainless steel microchannel flow reactor,which is characterized by high mass and heat transfer rates.The effect of reactant ratio,mixing temperature,reaction temperature,and reaction time on product yield and selectivity were investigated.Under the optimal conditions,2-methyl-6-propionylnaphthalene(2,6-MPN) was obtained in 85.8% yield with 87.5% selectivity.Compared with the conventional batch system,the continuous flow microchannel reactor provides a more efficient method for the synthesis of 2,6-MPN.