活性炭对清香型降度酒除浊的研究

研究了酒类专用活性炭对降度后的玉林泉清香型白酒除浊的工艺参数.通过正交试验和感官评定,活性炭除浊的优化工艺是:用JT-201和JT-202各50%,添加量1.5‰,吸附沉降36h效果好.     

活性炭吸附性能对低度白酒质量的影响

对活性炭产品除浊、损香及化学性能等指标进行了研究.结果表明,活性炭的用量不同,酒中的磷、铁、固形物、总酸、总酯等指标存在一定的差异.磷、铁、固形物指标随着活性炭添加量增加而加大,总酸、总酯随着活性炭添加量增大而有一定程度减小;随着活性炭用量的增加,酒中己酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯等色谱骨架成分及棕榈酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯、油酸乙酯等高级脂肪酸乙酯的含量均有一定程度的降低,至用量为2.0‰时,酒中的高级脂肪酸酯成分则被完全吸附;对酒中的微量香味成分及除浊效果的影响差异不大.     

吸附剂对啤酒中嘌呤类物质吸附的研究

建立了几种吸附剂对啤酒中嘌呤类物质吸附的方法.研究这几种吸附剂对嘌呤类物质的吸附率,研究活性炭和壳聚糖的颗粒度、吸附时间、吸附温度、添加量、溶液pH值对吸附率的影响,在优化的吸附条件下对啤酒酒样进行吸附,活性炭和壳聚糖对啤酒中的嘌呤类物质的总吸附率分别为68.2%和42.8%.     

活性炭在处理酒样过程中的危害分析

为了降低浓香型白酒中高级醇的含量,提升酒质,采用活性炭处理高级醇含量较高的浓香楂子酒.通过研究不同形态活性炭、吸附方式、酒样流速、活性碳用量对浓香楂予酒中高级醇的影响,确定酒中高级醇的有效去除方法.结果 表明:颗粒碳对楂子酒中高级醇的吸附效果优于粉末碳;楂子酒中高级醇的有效去除方法为:楂子酒与颗粒碳的比例为2∶1,酒样...     

响应面法优化活性炭吸附脱除玉米油中玉米赤霉烯酮

以碱炼脱酸玉米油为原料,考察了不同型号活性炭对玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的吸附脱除效果。在单因素试验的基础上,以活性炭添加量、吸附温度、吸附时间为自变量,ZEN脱除率为响应值,采用响应面法优化了吸附条件。结果表明:H-1活性炭(油脂专用活性炭)对ZEN的吸附能力最强;最佳吸附条件为H-1活性炭添加量2.5%、吸附温度80℃、吸附时间20 min;在最佳吸附条件下,玉米油中ZEN脱除率为(87.11±0.64)%。     

活性炭对浓缩苹果汁中甲胺磷残留农药吸附性能的研究

本实验采用超声波提取、气相色谱检测的方法,研究了活性炭对浓缩苹果汁中甲胺磷残留农药吸附的工艺参数,结果表明:活性炭添加量15%,吸附时间1min,硅藻土的添加量为6．3%时,对浓缩苹果汁中甲胺磷残留农药吸附效果最佳。     

活性炭负载聚丙烯非织造布的研发

本文使用价格低廉的聚丙烯熔喷非织造布作为基体,采用热压法将活性炭粉负载于非织布上制备了吸附材料,重点考察活性炭添加量、热压温度和热压时间等参数对吸附材料载炭量、透气性和透湿性等性能的影响。结果表明,通过调控活性炭添加量和热压温度能够获得不同载炭量和厚度的活性炭非织造布材料;活性炭非织造布的透气性随着活性炭添加量的升高不断降低;热压法制备活性炭非织造布的最佳工艺为:活性炭添加量0.3 g,热压温度110℃,热压时间3 min。     

酒用活性炭对荔枝烈酒苦味物质影响的研究

采用气质联用对荔枝烈酒的苦味成分进行分析,并探索酒用活性炭对荔枝烈酒苦味的影响。结果表明:所研究的荔枝烈酒的香气成分中,高级醇与醛类苦味强度较高,是主要的致苦物质。采用酒用活性炭吸附处理后,糠醛去除率51.73%,杂醇油去除率30.66%,对荔枝烈酒苦味的去除有一定的效果,改善了酒体的风味。     

酒用活性炭对荔枝烈酒苦味物质影响的研究

采用气质联用对荔枝烈酒的苦味成分进行分析,并探索酒用活性炭对荔枝烈酒苦味的影响。结果表明:所研究的荔枝烈酒的香气成分中,高级醇与醛类苦味强度较高,是主要的致苦物质。采用酒用活性炭吸附处理后,糠醛去除率51.73%,杂醇油去除率30.66%,对荔枝烈酒苦味的去除有一定的效果,改善了酒体的风味。      

紫薯酒褐变抑制研究

目的抑制紫薯酒的褐变,提高果酒的品质。方法以紫薯1号为原料,研究紫薯酒加工过程中褐变抑制剂对果酒褐变的抑制效果。在单因素试验的基础上,通过L_9(3~4)正交试验优化抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、蜂蜜和壳聚糖的最佳添加量。结果影响紫薯酒褐变度的因素依次为:柠檬酸添加量(B)壳聚糖添加量(D)抗坏血酸添加量(A)蜂蜜添加量(C),最佳褐变抑制剂条件为抗坏血酸添加量0.8%,柠檬酸添加量0.5%,蜂蜜添加量12%,壳聚糖添加量0.06%。结论发酵前添加一定剂量的褐变抑制剂有利于抑制紫薯酒的褐变现象。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the