测试瓶法快速检测循环水中硫酸盐还原菌

通过大量实验,研制出了一种适合检测循环水中硫酸盐还原菌的快速检测测试瓶。用该测试瓶检测循环水中SRB,操作十分简便,培养快速(培养时间仅为原方法的1／3),所测结果与原法不存在判据差异。此法可用于野外检测。适用于炼厂循环水水质检测和杀菌剂评价,是值得推广的一种好方法。     

油田污水中硫酸盐还原菌杀菌剂的研究

硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)是石油生产过程中常见的有害菌,其主要危害是引起生物腐蚀和注水水质沿程恶化.油田常用的杀菌方法为操作简单、杀菌效果明显的化学杀菌法,其技术关键是高效杀菌剂的开发及杀菌条件的优化设计.研究了3种杀菌剂CA-SJ01、CA-SJ02和CA-SJ03在不同条件下对南海Z油田采出污水中SRB的抑制作用.通过...     

硫酸盐还原菌混合菌群胞外聚合物对Cu2+的吸附和机理

生物吸附法是处理含重金属废水的一种新兴的处理技术。微生物所分泌的胞外聚合物（EPS）在微生物吸附重金属中起重要作用。硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）混合菌群分泌的EPS能有效的吸附水溶液中的Cu^2＋,Langmuir等温方程和Freundlich等温方程都能拟合实验所得吸附数据,最大吸附容量达到478．47mg／gEPS。水溶液的初始pH值对EPS吸附Cu^2＋影响明显,在pH为7时,吸附效率最高,pH增减,吸附效率明显下降。SRB混合茵群分泌的EPS的FT—IR分析表明,EPS对Cu^2＋的吸附主要在于EPS中的蛋白质的酰胺（Ⅱ）、羧基、多聚糖的C-O-C、OH和脂类等基团对Cu^2＋的强络合能力。     

硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)处理含锌废水的基础研究

从选取菌种开始,通过富集、驯化以及分离等过程筛选出高效去除废水中锌离子的硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）单株菌YY4,并对其除锌机理进行了初步研究。实验结果表明：锌离子主要是结合了SRB的代谢产物S^2-从水溶液中被去除,SRB产生硫离子对于去除锌离子的贡献在72％左右。     

注水开发污水中硫酸盐还原菌抑制剂研究进展

在油田注水开发污水中,硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)是引起微生物腐蚀及环境污染的主要原因之一。SRB的存在会导致金属管道及设备的腐蚀,其腐蚀产物硫化亚铁和氢氧化亚铁以及菌体本身会被油污包裹造成管道及地层堵塞,SRB的存在还会造成聚丙烯酰胺等聚合物的降解,影响后续强化采油开发。目前,油田系统中抑制SRB最常用和有效的方法是化学方法,通过在油田回注水中投加SRB抑制剂。该文综述了注水开发污水中SRB常用化学抑制剂应用现状及研究进展,将其按照杀菌机理分为氧化型抑制剂和非氧化型抑制剂两类。然而由于地层不同、采油过程不同,应采用不同种类化学抑制剂投加回注水,因此,研制相应新型、高效、环保的SRB抑制剂是目前主要研究课题。     

硫酸盐还原菌的生长影响因子及脱硫性能的研究

采用单因素法研究从硫酸厂淤泥厌氧菌群中分离筛选的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB),分析生物脱硫过程中影响SRB生长及其还原硫酸盐性能的主要因素。结果表明,分离获得的SRB的菌体呈弧状或细杆状,初步鉴定为脱硫弧菌属细菌。该菌是典型的嗜中温菌,培养与应用转化时均以35℃最为适宜,生长环境酸碱度范围较宽,最适宜范围为pH 6.0~6.5;是非严格厌氧型菌,适量氧气不会影响细菌生长。SRB在COD/SO42-质量比值达到2.0~2.5时,培养与应用转化时的最适宜温度为35C,以含有醇羟基的有机碳作为有效的电子供体,以SO42-作为电子受体,4天左右即可对生长环境、脱除烟气中SO2后的垃圾渗沥液中COD、SO42-进行较好的转化还原, SO42-转化能力可达1800mgL-1。     

采油废水中硫酸盐还原菌催化电解杀菌技术研究

采油废水中硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)所造成的注水系统的腐蚀、结垢和阻塞严重影响着原油的开发与生产。催化电解杀灭SRB的实验指出,在工艺条件为p H=5.0、D=25m A/cm2、d=2cm、t=30min时SRB杀菌率达100%。实验研究成果将为今后油田水处理工艺的改造提供理论依据和技术支持。     

硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）固定化技术处理镀铜、镀铁混合电镀废水的研究

通过对污水处理厂的剩余污泥进行厌养培养,获得硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）占优势的厌养污泥,利用固定化技术对富含SRB的污泥进行包埋固定．制得SRB固定化小球。考察了在不同pH值、温度、COD／SO4 2-等条件下,SRB固定化小球处理镀铜、镀铁混合电镀废水的效果。结果表明：pH值为7,温度为35％,COD／SO4 2-比值为3时,铜、铁的去除率分别可达到99．9％、98．8％以上。     

海水冷却器硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀状况与对策

海水中有淤泥、海生物和细菌等，所造成的微生物腐蚀大大加剧了设备的损坏，而且海水冷却器的泄漏具有季节性。由于所用海水污染，形成适合厌氧细菌一硫酸盐还原菌的繁殖环境。导致了设备的加快腐蚀。实验证实了硫酸盐还原菌的大量存在。     

混合硫酸盐还原菌群还原Cr(Ⅵ)的初步研究

利用驯化后的耐受Cr(Ⅵ)的混合硫酸盐还原菌群处理含Cr(Ⅵ)废水,探讨了pH值、培养温度等对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响。结果表明,当Cr(Ⅵ)浓度为50 mg·L-1、pH值为7.0、培养温度为36℃、培养时间为36 h时,该混合菌群对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率达到最高,为97.6％。该混合菌群能适应较宽的pH值和温度范围且处理...     

天然高分子改性异喹啉季铵盐对SRB杀菌性能及机理的研究

采用绝迹稀释法研究了天然高分子改性异喹啉季铵盐（FIQ-C）对硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的杀灭性能。考察了各种因素对杀菌性能的影响,比较了药剂FIQ-C与1227的杀菌能力,探讨了FIQ-C的杀菌机理。结果表明,药剂FIQ-C对模拟油田废水中SRB有良好的杀灭性能。当FIQ-C投加量为5mg/L时,杀菌率可达99.9%以上。     

硫酸盐还原菌处理废水的应用进展

硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）在废水处理方面有独特的优势,可降解很多其他微生物难以降解的物质。本文在阐明SRB降解水中污染物原理的基础上,充分探讨了SRB在处理重金属废水、矿山酸性废水、有机废水中的应用现状及研究进展,并对其在废水治理方面进行了展望。     

一株分离自输油管线中的硫酸盐还原菌生理生化特性及腐蚀行为研究

从塔里木某输油管线中分离出一株硫酸盐还原菌(SRB),并对其生理生化特性及腐蚀行为进行研究。结果表明:该株SRB在不同碳源培养基中生长速率存在明显差异,最适生长温度为35℃左右,最适p H在7.5左右,最适Na Cl浓度在0.5%左右;接菌溶液中Q235钢片的腐蚀速率达到0.043 6 mm/a,远大于其在无菌溶液中的腐蚀速率。     

有关循环水硫酸盐还原菌检测方法与控制指标的几点看法

针对现场实际,结合国内外有关资料对目前循环水硫酸盐还原菌检测方法与控制指标存在的问题提出了一些看法与合理化建议。     

Impact of Acetate in Reduction of Perchlorate by Mixed Microbial Culture under the Influence of Nitrate and Sulfate

The biological reduction of slow degradation contaminants such as perchlorate (ClO₄⁻) is considered to be a promising water treatment technology. The process is based on the ability of a specific mixed microbial culture to use perchlorate as an electron acceptor in the absence of oxygen. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of nitrate on perchlorate reduction, the kinetic parameters of the Monod equation and the optimal ratio of acetate to perchlorate for the perchlorate reducing bacterial consortium. The results of this study suggest that acclimated microbial cultures can be applied to treat wastewater containing high concentrations of perchlorate. Reactor experiments were carried out with different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) to determine the optimal operating conditions. A fixed optimal HRT and the effect of nitrate on perchlorate reduction were investigated with various concentrations of the electron donor. The results showed that perchlorate reduction occurred after nitrate removal. Moreover, the presence of sulfate in wastewater had no effect on the perchlorate reduction. However, it had little effect on biomass concentration in the presence of nitrate during exposure to a mixed microbial culture, considering the nitrate as the inhibitor of perchlorate reduction by reducing the degradation rate. The batch scale experiment results illustrated that for efficient operation of perchlorate reduction, the optimal acetate to perchlorate ratio of 1.4:1.0 would be enough. Moreover, these experiments found the following results: the kinetic parameters equivalent to Y = 0.281 mg biomass/mg perchlorate, K_s = 37.619 mg/L and q_max = 0.042 mg perchlorate/mg biomass/h. In addition, anoxic–aerobic experimental reactor results verify the optimal HRT of 6 h for continuous application. Furthermore, it also illustrated that using 600 mg/L of acetate as a carbon source is responsible for 100% of nitrate reduction with less than 50% of the perchlorate reduction, whereas at 1000 mg/L acetate, approximately 100% reduction was recorded.     

The Establishment and Characteristics of Dominant Syntrophic Propionate Oxidation Bacteria and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in a Mixed Culture

The anaerobic bio-treatment of lower COD/SO₄^2- ratio wastewater constitutes a bottle-aqneck due to the limited carbon source. In this type of environment, interactions between acidogenic fermentation bacteria and methane-producing bacteria (MPB) are aided by syntrophic fatty acid oxidation bacteria present in the functional niche; MPB and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) compete with each other due to the availability of sulfate. Therefore, introduction of syntrophic fatty acid oxidation bacteria into an SRB dominated culture can achieve maximum utilization of the substrate, weakening the competition of MPB. In this study, the mixed culture of dominant syntrophic propionate oxidation bacteria (SPOB) and SRB was established and characterized at 35°C. The dominant SPOB and SRB were enriched in a continuous flow stirred-tank reactor and in batch experiments, respectively. Subsequently, an equal proportion of the enriched sludge was mixed and incubated in conical flasks with propionate as the sole substrate. Six parallel experiments (SP1–SP6) were conducted and two of them (SP2 and SP4) were chosen. The results revealed that the sulfate removal efficiencies of SP2 and SP4 were 91.83% and 93.03%, respectively. Furthermore, the outcome of the microbial analysis showed that the dominant microbial communities included Uncultured Smithella spp., Uncultured Desulfobacteraceae bacterium and sequences related to members of the family Desulfovibrio. Excess propionate was mainly syntrophically decomposed via sulfate reduction. Findings from this study could provide valuable information for the establishment of new processes and the regulation of parameters in the treatment of lower COD/SO₄^2- ratio wastewater.