氧化铜沉淀法处理乙烯废碱液的研究

以氧化铜为沉淀剂处理乙烯废碱液,通过单因素实验,考察了沉淀法处理乙烯废碱液的反应时间、反应温度、沉淀剂投加量。沉淀法处理乙烯废碱液的最佳工艺条件:反应时间40 min、反应温度30℃、氧化铜投加量1.8 g。吸附法延续处理乙烯废碱液,乙烯废碱液中硫浓度由1113.25 mg/L降到1.98 mg/L,硫去除率达99.82%,COD浓度由800000 mg/L降到5600 mg/L,COD去除率达99.9%。     

改性硅藻土处理乙烯碱性废液的研究

本研究采用改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液,通过单因素实验,考察了改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液的吸附温度、吸附时间、改性硅藻土加入量和乙烯废碱液的pH对乙烯废碱液中硫去除率的影响,确定了改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,其最佳工艺条件:吸附时间为40 min、吸附温度为20℃、改性硅藻土加入量为1.5 g、乙烯废碱液的pH为3。在此条件下,乙烯废碱液中硫浓度由560.4 mg/L降到29.4 mg/L,硫去除率达94.75%;乙烯废碱液的COD由148000 mg/L降到12000 mg/L,COD去除率达91.89%,改性硅藻土在乙烯废碱液处理方面具有很好的应用前景。     

活性炭处理含硫氰酸钠废水的研究

本文以活性炭作为吸附剂处理含硫氰酸钠废水。实验结果表明,吸附的最佳条件为:吸附温度为20℃、吸附时间为40min、活性炭投加量为0.4g、废水pH为5。在此条件下,使100mL废水中硫氰酸钠的浓度从200mg/L降到15mg/L,硫氰酸钠去除率达到92.5%。     

臭氧氧化-活性炭吸附联合法处理苯酚废水研究

使用臭氧氧化-活性炭吸附联合法处理苯酚废水,分别考察了活性炭投加量、苯酚废水溶液pH值和活性炭吸附反应时间等因素对苯酚模拟废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,室温条件下,废水溶液的pH值为9,臭氧通入时间为25 min,活性炭投加量2.5 g/L,活性炭吸附反应时间为50 min的实验条件下,初始浓度为100.0 mg/L的苯酚模拟废水经过处理,苯酚去除率为95.0%。     

活性炭/粉煤灰处理含铜废水的研究

采用活性炭/粉煤灰处理模拟含铜废水,考察pH、吸附时间、吸附温度、投加量、质量比、活性炭、粉煤灰粒径、铜离子浓度等对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,单纯粉煤灰的吸附效果较差,但100目的粉煤灰与100目的活性炭混合,其吸附效果接近于纯活性炭。活性炭/粉煤灰处理100 m L、30 mg/L模拟含铜废水的最佳吸附条件为:吸附时间3 h,pH 6,吸附温度45℃,活性炭/粉煤灰(质量比1∶1)投加量2.5 g,活性炭和粉煤灰粒径均为100目。在此条件下,铜离子去除率可达97.33%,处理后水中铜离子浓度(0.811 4 mg/L)低于国家二级排放标准(1.0 mg/L)。     

活性炭/粉煤灰处理含铜废水的研究

采用活性炭/粉煤灰处理模拟含铜废水,考察pH、吸附时间、吸附温度、投加量、质量比、活性炭、粉煤灰粒径、铜离子浓度等对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,单纯粉煤灰的吸附效果较差,但100目的粉煤灰与100目的活性炭混合,其吸附效果接近于纯活性炭。活性炭/粉煤灰处理100 m L、30 mg/L模拟含铜废水的最佳吸附条件为:吸附时间3 h,pH 6,吸附温度45℃,活性炭/粉煤灰(质量比1∶1)投加量2.5 g,活性炭和粉煤灰粒径均为100目。在此条件下,铜离子去除率可达97.33%,处理后水中铜离子浓度(0.811 4 mg/L)低于国家二级排放标准(1.0 mg/L)。     

活性炭去除零排放反渗透浓水中COD的应用研究

采用活性炭吸附法去除反渗透浓水中的有机物,减轻后续处理的负荷,考察了活性炭的种类、停留时间、活性炭投加量以及pH对COD去除率的影响。结果表明,采用2#活性炭为吸附剂,进水pH=6,400 mL水,停留时间30 min,活性炭投加量1.5 g时,COD去除率达61.8%,采用动态吸附并应用到现场试验中,吸附塔装填2#活性炭40 t,进水量100 m~3/h,平均COD 142 mg/L,pH=8.04,停留时间36 min,当出水COD60 mg/L,活性炭的处理量可达1 330 m~3/t。     

Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附协同深度处理抗生素制药废水研究

采用Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附协同处理工艺对抗生素制药废水二级生化出水进行了研究。探讨了温度、pH值、H2O2投加量、Fe2 投加量、反应时间,活性炭投加量及投加方式对COD去除率的影响。结果表明:在温度为30℃,pH值为5,H2O2(30%)投加量为300mg/L,FeSO4·7H2O投加量为80mg/L,反应时间为120min,活性炭投加量为50mg/L且与Fenton试剂同时加入时,COD去除率可达68.5%,处理出水达到了国家一级排放标准。     

活性炭去除零排放反渗透浓水中COD的应用研究

采用活性炭吸附法去除反渗透浓水中的有机物,减轻后续处理的负荷,考察了活性炭的种类、停留时间、活性炭投加量以及pH对COD去除率的影响。结果表明,采用2#活性炭为吸附剂,进水pH=6,400 mL水,停留时间30 min,活性炭投加量1.5 g时,COD去除率达61.8%,采用动态吸附并应用到现场试验中,吸附塔装填2#活性炭40 t,进水量100 m³/h,平均COD 142 mg/L,pH=8.04,停留时间36 min,当出水COD<60 mg/L,活性炭的处理量可达1 330 m3/h,平均COD 142 mg/L,pH=8.04,停留时间36 min,当出水COD<60 mg/L,活性炭的处理量可达1 330 m³/t。     

混凝+铁炭微电解/H2O2+活性炭处理化学清洗废水

利用混凝+铁炭微电解/H2O2+活性炭吸附法对高浓度的化学清洗废水进行联合处理,同时简单分析了反应机理及影响因素。通过实验确定了混凝最佳条件(pH=8、PAC投加量为50 mg/L、PAM投加量2 mg/L、沉淀时间40 min),铁炭微电解/H2O2最佳条件〔pH=2、(Fe+C)总投加量60 g/L、m(Fe)∶m(C)为1∶1、H2O2投加量4 mL/L、反应时间60 min〕,活性炭吸附最佳条件(吸附时间120 min、pH=6、活性炭投加量20 g/L)。结果表明,在上述最佳工艺条件下对化学清洗废水进行处理,COD去除率可达98%以上,达到国家一级排放标准(GB 8978—1996)要求。     

微电解+Fenton处理DDNP废水的实验研究

采用微电解+Fenton法处理DDNP废水,考虑微电解系统的活性炭的投加量,Fe/C,pH,反应时间等因素在不同条件下原水的COD去除情况及色度变化。实验结果表明,最佳pH为4,Fe的投加量为30 g/L,最佳Fe/C为3/2,最佳反应时间60 min。COD的去除最高可达到58.8%。Fenton系统H2O2的投加量为4 mg/L,微电解+Fenton系统的COD去除率为87.53%。     

机械加工中含油废水处理工艺的研究

研究了活性炭对机械加工中含油废水处理工艺。探讨了在不同吸附条件下（吸附剂量、时间、pH）的吸附效果。结果表明,活性炭吸附的最佳工艺条件是：含油120 mg/L的10 mL废水中,加入活性炭质量0.3 g,加热搅拌时间60 min,pH值为8。在最佳条件下,含油废水在活性炭吸附后的COD为160 mg/L。     

污泥活性炭处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的研究

采用污泥活性炭处理亚甲基蓝模拟染料废水,研究了模拟废水初始浓度、污泥活性炭投加量、pH值、水浴吸附时间等因素对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率的影响,探讨污泥活性炭处理染料废水的适宜工艺条件。实验结果表明:随着染料废水初始浓度的增大,脱色率和COD去除率均表现出下降趋势;随着污泥活性炭投加量的增加,脱色率和COD去除率效果均十分明显;随着模拟废水pH值的增大,其脱色率基本呈现增大趋势,而COD去除率则先增大后减小,当pH在7.6～7.8时,脱色率与COD去除率均出现最大值;在延长水浴时间的同时,脱色率和COD去除率均表现出较好的效果。本实验处理染料废水的适宜条件为:染料废水的初始浓度为2.5mg/L,调节染料废水的pH值7~8,加入0.8g污泥活性炭,30℃条件下2h。     

Carbonaceous adsorbents from sewage sludge and their application in a combined activated sludge-powdered activated carbon (AS-PAC) treatment

In this study, waste biological sludge is converted to an adsorbent by chemical activation with sulphuric acid. The adsorbent obtained is then applied to the aerated vessel of an activated sludge process treating glucose and phenol to improve the quality of the treated effluent. The sludge-based carbonaceous adsorbent was found to be mesoporous in nature, with a good adsorption capacity for large molecular weight compounds and limited removal efficiency for smaller molecules such as phenol. The addition of carbon, either sludge-based or commercial, enhanced phenol removal from 58% to 98.7% and from 87% to 93% the organic matter removal as measured by the chemical oxygen demand (COD) when operated with feed concentrations of 100 mg phenol/l and 2500 mg COD/l. No differences were found between the activated sludge-activated carbon bench scale continuous reactors operating with either commercial or sludge-based adsorbents in spite of the higher adsorption capacity of the former. It is suggested that powdered adsorbent bioregeneration in the combined AS-PAC system may be impaired by the obstruction of pores due to bacterial growth, the effect being more important for the commercial activated carbon with a narrower pore size distribution.     

Combined adsorption and Chemical precipitation process for pretreatment or post-treatment of landfill leachate

Performances of combined adsorption and chemical precipitation were evaluated as one of the options for pretreatment or post-treatment of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate and leachate from an industrial solid waste landfill. The COD and color removals of the leachate from a MSW landfill were 35% and 33% at an alum dose of 300 mg/L with preceding PAC (powdered activated carbon) dose of 200 mg/L, respectively. For MSW leachate, the combined adsorption and coagulation process showed 2.3 times higher COD removal at PAC dose of 200 mg/L and alum dose of 500 mg/L than the unit process of adsorption with poor settleability. The COD removal was accomplished mainly by adsorption, while coagulation was a key mechanism of color removal. The COD and color of the biologically treated leachate from an industrial solid waste landfill were removed up to 32% and 68%, respectively, at addition of 490 mgAlum/L and 1,000 mgPAC/L in adsorption-coagulation process with pH control. Combined adsorption and coagulation process with pH control showed better COD and color removal than the process without pH control. The color removal was influenced greatly by pH control, while COD removal was not. No difference in removal efficiency was observed between adsorption-coagulation and coagulation-adsorption. Maximum net increases in the COD and color removals by the adsorption-coagulation process were 40% and 46%, respectively, compared with the removals by sole chemical precipitation. The Freundlich isotherm exclusively described the adsorption of leachate components on the PAC. Thus, a combined adsorption and coagulation process was considered to be effective for pre-treatment or post-treatment of landfill leachate, and has distinct features of simple, flexible, stable and reliable operation against fluctuation of leachate quality and flowrate.     

Periwinkle shell: Based granular activated carbon for treatment of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in industrial wastewater

The present investigation was undertaken to compare the adsorption efficiency of a low cost adsorbent, periwinkle shell—based granular activated carbon (PSC) with the adsorption efficiency of the commercial activated carbon (CAC) and a ratio 1:1 mixture of PSC and CAC (PSC/CAC) with respect to uptake of the organic components responsible for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of industrial wastewater. The influence of treatment time, adsorbent dose, pH of the media, agitation speed and adsorbent particle size on the rate of percent COD removal is evaluated. PSC has shown quite effective adsorbent capacity for COD removal with 77.5% efficiency. Though its capacity is slightly lower than that of CAC with 79% efficiency, however the low material cost makes it an attractive option for the treatment of COD. The equilibrium adsorption study can be described by the Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich models. The mechanisms of the rate of adsorption of COD were analysed using the Elovich equation and a pseudo‐second‐order model. The models provided a very high degree of correlation of the experimental adsorption rate data suggesting either model could be used in design applications.     

木薯酒精废液的达标处理研究

经过TLP-GXEM厌氧技术处理后的木薯酒精废液COD的质量浓度从22 000～35 000 mg/L降到2 000～3 000 mg/L,BOD5与COD的质量比约为0.6,生化性良好。再采用SBR工艺进行后续处理,在进水COD、BOD5的质量浓度分别为2 450、1 350 mg/L,色度为225倍时,出水COD、BOD5的质量浓度分别降为300～500、60￣90 mg/L,色度降为220倍左右。由于好氧出水的可生化性很差,选用活性炭吸附作为深度处理,可以使废水COD降为100 mg/L以下,活性炭对COD的去除率达到了85%,并且脱色效果明显,出水的色度为8倍左右,活性炭对色度去除率高达96.4%,两者均达到污水综合排放标准一级排放标准。     

兰炭基活性炭和高分子树脂吸附焦化废水

采用兰炭基活性炭(BAC)和高分子树脂静态吸附焦化废水,研究投加量、树脂种类、pH、吸附时间等因素对COD去除率的影响,探讨BAC吸附过程的吸附等温线和吸附特征。结果表明,在不调节pH条件下,经过7.0 g BAC吸附90 min和1.5 g D301R树脂吸附30 min后,焦化废水COD可降至167 mg/L,去除率达94.14%。Langmuir和Freundlich两种吸附模型对吸附过程都有较好的拟合效果。