计算机在特种作业人员职业适性检测中的应用

将计算机应用技术用于特种作业人员的职业适性检测，开发出特种作业人员职业适性计算机检测系统，其特点是：界面友好、操作简便、检测数据安全可靠、检测方式灵活多样、数据实时传输，实现了职业适性检测自动化。它能有效地筛检出特种作业事故倾性人员，对预防特种职业事故的发生具有积极意义。     

起重机械作业职业适性心理指标正常值范围的研究

为提供针对性安全教育的依据,达到安全生产、降低事故的目的,采用多种检测仪器对安徽省合肥、淮南、安庆３个城市６００名安全起重机械作业人员进行了职业适性测试,以期建立各工种职业适性心理指标正常值范围。测试结果如下：①起重机械作业人员操纵机能在２５岁以下、２５～２９岁、３０～３４岁、４０岁以上４个年龄组男女性别间均存在统计学差异,眼、手协调性操作时间５个年龄组男女性别间存在差异,误操作次数３５～３９岁和４０岁以上男女性别间存在差异;②检测指标有明显的年龄差异,其上升或下降的年龄在３５～３９岁和４０岁以上年龄组,多出现在４０岁以上年龄组。     

电子作业人员职业适性检测系统测试及评价

章在电工作业性质和特点的基础上,结合国内外研究成果,提出了相关的测试指标;采用德尔菲和层次分析等方法确定了指标体系和心理指标的权重系数;通过对现场检测的方法,制订了指标正常值范围和综合评价标准,并对综合评价标准结果进行了验证研究。发现该检测系统可以有效地筛选易发事故电工作业人员。     

电工作业人员职业适性检测系统测试及评价

文章在电工作业性质和特点的基础上,结合国内外研究成果,提出了相关的测试指标;采用德尔菲和层次分析等方法确定了指标体系和心理指标的权重系数;通过对现场检测的方法,制订了指标正常值范围和综合评价标准,并对综合评价标准结果进行了验证研究.发现该检测系统可以有效地筛选易发事故电工作业人员.     

驾驶适性检测人员岗位培训现状调查与分析

在中国的机动车辆驾驶员中，有６％～８％的事故倾性驾驶员。本着“降低事故，造福人类”的宗旨，中国的驾驶适性检测工作正在蓬勃兴起。为适应工作需要，加快全国驾驶适性检测工作的科学化管理进程，切实了解全国驾驶适性检测机构岗位培训的现状与要求，我们对全国１４个省５２市的驾驶适性检测人员及行政领导进行了问卷调查。结果发现：有４６％的来自学生及交通警察岗位工作人员；他们缺乏系统的驾驶适性检测知识，迫切需要学习。促进培训最有效的措施是资格上岗。因此，采取一切有力措施，对驾驶适性检测人员进行系统的培训，提高他们的驾驶适性检测知识与技能是十分必要的     

基于人机工程学的办公桌桌面高度优化研究

从产品设计与人机工程学角度出发,构建了基于健康坐姿的办公桌桌面作业的评价指标,并根据层次分析法原理,采用专家评判法计算得到了各指标的权重值与重要性排序;通过摄像法测量得到了不同的实测数据;通过对实验数据进行分析与比较,在参考各指标权重的情况下,计算得到了最优化的办公桌桌面高度。     

基于AHP的建筑工程结构设计风险评价

为系统研究建筑工程结构设计风险,采用德而菲法和统计资料法,全面分析了建筑工程结构设计中因设计人员的疏忽或过失,以及因种种主、客观原因而出现的各种技术事故或问题．采用AHP法对建筑工程结构设计中会出现的各种技术事故或问题进行了综合评价,明确了结构设计中可能出现的各种技术事故或问题的重要性程度及其排序,对于有效地降低结构设计风险具有重要意义．     

铁路机车司机职业健康检查中遇到的问题及思考

结合1828名铁路机车司机上岗前职业健康检查资料，分析了机车司机职业健康检查中在高频听力损失评价、驾驶适性异常及心理不健康者处理方面的问题，提出开展机车司机心理健康服务和工作场所健康促进工作的重要性，并建议对TB／T3091-2008补充完善。     

不同求职目的和经历的大学生职业价值观初探

利用问卷调查的方法,探讨不同求职目的和经历的大学生（从未正式求职,初次求职,兼职和跳槽）的职业价值观的构成和重要性排序。结果发现：（1）职业价值观的结构由内在职业价值、外在报酬、成就和支配感等组成。（2）男女性别的职业价值观排序基本一致,但男性比女性更倾向于认为智力刺激对于职业的重要性,而女性则相对强调舒适对于职业的重要性。（3）在校的大二年级学生表现明显的职业价值观“双元化”特征,初次求职毕业生比起大二学生强调工作的智力刺激。兼职的与跳槽的相比,兼职的求职人员相对而言更注重工作的舒适性。（4）文科和理科、文科和工科专业在职业价值观评价上无显著差别。医科专业的注重工作的美感、安全性、舒适和社会地位;工科的强调智力刺激、管理和社会地位;而文科的比较重视智力刺激。     

石油钻井现场常见事故及院外急救

石油钻井作业分布广、战线长,施工现场地形地貌复杂多样：沙漠、平原、隔壁、丘陵、山地、高原、海上,涉及的危害因素多：施工作业劳动强度大、风险高,各类事故频发,给作、眦人员健康安全带来了巨大的威胁。文章从实施院外急救的重要性着手,对石油钻井现场常见的事故及造成的伤害进行分类归纳,针对钻井施工现场各类事故所造成的伤害,提出院外急救具体办法。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...