基于分组排序的码率兼容打孔LDPC码BP译码算法

由于在一定码率范围均能获得良好的误码性能,码率兼容打孔LDPC(rate-compatible punctured LDPC,RCP-LDPC)码成为时变信道下优选编码方案。然而,与非打孔码相比,RCP-LDPC码的BP译码收敛速度太慢。为了提高译码收敛速度,提出一种基于打孔变量点分组优化和串行调度的BP译码算法。根据BP译码消息的可靠度对打孔变量点进行排序和分组,使其在译码时,按可靠度由高到低的次序依次更新各组变量点消息。仿真结果表明,当最大译码迭代次数较低时,本文方法的误码性能优于BP算法和随机分组洗牌BP算法。特别是当打孔比特较多时,性能改善越明显。     

一种新的码率兼容LDPC码打孔方案

该文研究码率兼容LDPC码的打孔问题。Ha等人研究LDPC码打孔时提出的Grouping和Sorting方案使低k-SR节点的数目最大化,它相对于随机打孔有了很大增益,但此方案只保证有一个存活校验节点。该文研究多个存活校验节点的作用,提出MSCN打孔方案最大化打孔节点的存活校验节点数。AWGN信道上的仿真结果显示,低码率时MSCN方案具有比Grouping和Sorting方案更为优越的性能。理论推导及实验结果均表明,码率兼容LDPC码打孔时,多个存活校验节点有益于译码性能的提升。     

大小兼容的阵列LDPC码设计的新方法

阵列LDPC码构造简单,又易于VLSI实现.文献[4]对其进行了改进,支持任意码长,称为大小兼容的阵列LDPC码(记为SC阵列LDPC码).对于SC阵列LDPC码,本文提出3种改进方法,方法1对文献[4]SC阵列LDPC码进行了完善,排除了因k不是L的因子而产生的错误.方法2、3研究了新的子矩阵排列方法.这些方法对码的距离特性和误码性能都有很大改善.不仅在AWGN信道,还在UWB CM3信道上,通过仿真,证明了其良好性能.     

基于EXIT Chart的码率兼容LDPC码的构造

提出了一种码率兼容LDPC(Rate-Compatible LDPC,以下简称RC-LDPC)码的构造方法.通过该方法构造所得到的一个高码率LDPC码的校验矩阵(H矩阵)中所包含的其它低码率LDPC码的度分布对都是通过码率兼容约束EXIT Chart优化得到.仿真结果表明这样优化得到的各个码率的LDPC码性能与采用普通的最优约束EXIT Chart优化所得到的LDPC码的性能接近.     

基于PEG算法的准循环LDPC码构造方法研究

PEG算法,即逐步边增长算法,是一种基于Tanner图构造LDPC码的方法,研究表明该方法构造的LDPC码具有优 异的纠错性能.在PEG算法的基础上,本文提出了一种准循环LDPC码的构造方法.仿真结果表明,所提出的方法构造的LDPC码与用原始PEG算法构造的随机LDPC码具有几乎相同的优异性能,而且由于准循环特性,用本文提出的方法编译码更简单,可以通过反馈移位寄存器来实现.此外,码率更易于调整.     

比特级码率兼容多元LDPC码打孔算法

多元低密度奇偶校验(Non-binary Low-density Parity-check,NB-LDPC)码在中短码情况下性能优于传统二元LDPC码,更接近香农限.针对多元LDPC码码率兼容(Rate-compatible)的问题,提出了一种基于比特级的新型多元打孔算法.首先采用二进制镜像矩阵概念对多元校验矩阵进行映...     

垂直链路下的空间脉冲位置调制系统信道编码研究

针对垂直链路下空间脉冲位置调制(SPPM)误码性能较差的问题,采用级联信道编码改善系统误码性能,对比分析了低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码和极化(Polar)码在不同码长、不同码率下的误码性能.仿真结果表明:在码率为0.5、误比特率为10-4时,Polar码具有优于LDPC码2 dB左右的性能;在码率为0.8时,二者的误码...     

多码长码率兼容的多元LDPC码及编码器设计

为适应海上无线通信信道的时变特性,突破多元LDPC码长码率不兼容的技术现状,构造一种多码长码率兼容的多元LDPC码,可以实现在多种码长、多种码率间的相互兼容,并完成编码器的设计.借鉴5G二元LDPC码校验矩阵的特殊结构并将其扩展至伽罗华域,设计的多元LDPC码在兼容多码长码率的同时,又拥有优秀译码性能和较低的硬件实现复杂度.该设计在Xilinx xc7k325tffg900-2芯片上进行实现,采用部分并行的编码方式,兼顾编码效率和硬件开销,可以实现五种信息位长和五种码率间灵活切换.工作时钟频率可达370 MHz,在该时钟频率下编码器吞吐率最高可达601.8 Mbps.     

可变速率多元LDPC码高阶调制系统

由于无线信道的时变性及无线频谱资源的短缺,码率自适应技术及高频谱效率的高阶调制技术均为未来高速率无线通信发展的必然方向,本文提出了一种基于多元速率兼容LDPC（RC-LDPC）码的可变速率高阶编码调制方案。该方案基于符号级的多元LDPC码缩短和打孔算法,并与高阶映射联合优化设计,获得了比二元RC-LDPC码方案优异的性能,实现了多元LDPC码率从1/3到5/6灵活变化,并且所有子码都可以共享母码的编译码器,因此相对于多元母码,基本不增加系统复杂度。仿真结果证明采用64-QAM调制时,本方案的误码率性能比二元码对应方案在各个码率分别有0.5到1.3dB的增益。      

高码率短码长两边类型LDPC码的设计

高码率LDPC（10w．densityparity-check）码的设计一直是当前纠错编码领域的难点,尤其在短码长情况下。近年被提出的两边类型LDPC（tow—edgetypeLDPC,TET-LDPC）码在高码率情况下具有比传统LDPC码更加优秀的纠错性能。基于对TET—LDPC码结构优势的分析,文中提出一种优化设计方法,该方法通过合理选取TET．LDPC码中删余变量节点的度以及优化校验节点和变量节点的连接关系,进一步提高了该码型的性能。仿真结果显示,在AWGN信道下,文中设计的高码率短码长TET—LDPC码,不仅好于传统LDPC码,而且也好于传统的TET-LDPC码,具有更低的误码平台。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks