P(MMA-BA-MAA)／P(MMA-BA-VP)共聚物复合体系的氢键相互作用

通过乳液共聚合分别合成了两种具有互补结构的共聚物乳液：聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯－丙烯酸丁酯－甲基丙烯酸聚Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＭＭＡ）和聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯－丙烯酸丁酯－乙烯基吡咯烷酮）Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＶＰ）。通过^1H-NMR测定,研究了共聚物组成与单体投料组成的关系;通过ＦＲ－ＩＲ、ＤＳＣ、表 及力学性能测试,研究了Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＭＭＡ）／Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＶＰ）共聚物复合体系氢键相互作用及其对聚合物性能的影响,结果表明Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＭＭＡ）／Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＢＡ－ＶＰ）共聚物复合体系存在氢键相互作用,氢键相互作用导致复合体系表面降低、拉伸强度提高。     

BAPU／HA聚合物生物复合材料的制备与研究

采用不同工艺制备出两条聚氮酯弹性体（ＢＡＰＵ）／羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）聚合物生物复合材料（简称ＢＡＰＵ／ＨＡ）,采用ＳＥＭ分析材料的微观结构特征以及ＨＡ在ＢＡＰＵ／ＨＡ中的分布状况。     

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL BEHMIOR AND STRUCTURE STABILITY OF PMMA/α-MSAN BLENDS

研究了均相，相分离聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（ＰＭＭＡ）／聚（α甲基苯乙烯丙烯腈）（α－ＭＳＡＮ）共混物的动态力学行为，结果表明，在１３０℃退火４８ｈ可使ＰＭＭＡ，α－ＭＳＡＮ及其均相共混物达到稳态结构；在２００℃退火１ｈ可使ＰＭＭＡ／α－ＭＳＡＮ共混物接近完全分离，引入注意的是，仅相分离的ＰＭＭＡ／α－ＭＳＡＮ（４０／６０）呈现两个动态损耗模量（Ｅ″）峰，且两峰的分离程度强烈地依赖于在２００℃退火的时     

主链柔顺性对侧链液晶聚合物液晶性能的影响

由对羟基苯甲酸与对羟基甲醚反应得到了４－甲氧基－４’－羟基苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＨＢ）,ＭＰＢＨ再分别与环氧氯丙烷和甲基丙烯酰氯反应生成４－甲氧基－４’－（２,３－环氧丙基氧）苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＥＢ）和４－甲氧基－４’－甲基丙烯酰氧苯甲酸苯酯（ＭＰＭＡＢ）。用阳离子和自由基聚合法聚合得到了具有相同液晶元而主链结构和间隔基不同的聚合物ＰＭＰＥＢ和ＰＭＰＭＡＢ。用ＤＳＣ、热台偏光显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射仪对合成的聚     

几种共聚醚酰亚胺的H2／N2分离性能

合成了一系列双醚二酐（ＨＱＤＥＡ）型共聚醚酰亚胺，研究了它们的Ｈ２／Ｎ２分离性能。刚性二胺单体的引入可明显降低聚醚酰亚胺的链段活动性，改善Ｈ２／Ｎ２分离性能。３０℃时，ＨＱＤＥＡ－ＭＤＡ／ＤＡＢ（８０／２０）和ＨＱＤＥＡ－ＭＤＡ／ＴＤＡ（８０／２０）的透Ｈ２系数分别比均聚物ＨＱＤＥＡ－ＭＤＡ高２４％和１５％，Ｈ２／Ｎ２分离系数分别比ＨＱＤＥＡ－ＭＤＡ高９％和３０％。     

聚合物载体茂锆催化剂与乙烯/α-烯烃共聚合

以交联聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酰胺）（ＳＡＡ）为载体，合成了一类新的聚合物载体催化剂——Ｚｒ／ＭＡＯ／ＳＡＡ，催化剂的ＩＲ分析表明，ＳＡＡ与甲基铝氧烷（ＭＡＯ）有两种可能的连接方式，即Ｎ→ＭＡＯ，Ｏ→ＭＡＯ。乙烯／α－烯烃的共聚实验结果表明，该载体催化剂使辛烯有较强的共聚作用，而对癸烯的共聚能力较弱。使用ＤＳＣ方法对不同辛烯含量的共聚物进行了表征。     

共聚物电解质MA—Na2／AA—Na水溶液的粘度特性

对共聚物电解质ＭＡ－Ｎａ２（顺丁烯二酸钠）／ＡＡ－Ｎａ（丙烯酸钠）水溶液ηｓｐ／Ｃ（比浓粘度）与浓度的关系、中性盐及溶液ｐＨ对ηｓｐ／Ｃ的影响进行了研究。结果表明，稀释ＭＡ－Ｎａ２／ＡＡ－Ｎａ溶液时，ηｓｐ／Ｃ急剧上升，而稀释含中性盐（ＫＣｌ或ＣａＣｌ２）的ＭＡ－Ｎａ２／ＡＡ－Ｎａ溶液体系时（中性盐含量保持０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ），ηｓｐ／Ｃ的变化却不大。添加极少量（〈０．０５％）中性盐，可使ＭＡ－Ｎ     

两亲水溶性阳离子聚电解质研究：II.聚（苯乙烯—丙烯酰胺） …

疏水性苯乙烯和亲水性丙烯酰胺共聚,得到两亲聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酰胺）（Ｐ（Ｓｔ－Ａｍ）Ｐ（Ｓｔ－Ａｍ）中－ＣＯＮＨ２官能团具有反应性,通过氨交换反应,对Ｐ（Ｓｔ－Ａｍ）的侧链进行功能化改性,Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲基丙二 乙二醇中和Ｐ（Ｓｔ－Ａｍ）反应生成聚（苯乙烯－Ｎ′－丙烯酰胺基－Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲基丙二胺）以硫酸二甲酯为季铵化试剂,对上述产物进行季铵化反应,得到硫酸二甲酯季铵化聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酰胺）Ｐ（Ｓｔ－Ａｍ     

超支化共聚物合成方法及结构测试分析

用固定化酶 Novozyme435（NV435）催化2,2二羟甲基丁酸（2,2－bis（hydroxymethyl）butyric acid）与己内酯（CL）开环缩聚得到端基中一端带有一个羧基,另一端带有多个羟基的超支化共聚酯。用α－溴代丙酰溴对超支化聚酯进行端基官能化形成超枝化大分子引发剂,在 CuCl ／bpy 体系中引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）进行原子转移自由基聚合反应（ATRP）,得到超支化共聚酯／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（P（BHB －CL）－PMMA）。     

共聚物电解质MA－Na_2／AA－Na水溶液的粘度特性

对共聚物电解质ＭＡ－Ｎａ２（顺丁烯二酸钠）／ＡＡ－Ｎａ（丙烯酸钠）水溶液ηＳＰ／Ｃ（比浓粘度）与浓度的关系、中性盐及溶液ｐＨ对ηＳＰ／Ｃ的影响进行了研究。结果表明，稀释ＭＡ－Ｎａ２／ＡＡ－Ｎａ溶液时，ηＳＰ／Ｃ急剧上升，而稀释含中性盐（ＫＣｌ或ＣａＣｌ２）的ＭＡ－Ｎａ２／ＡＡ－Ｎａ溶液体系时（中性盐含量保持０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ），ηＳＰ／Ｃ的变化却不大。添加极少量（＜０．０５％）中性盐，可使ＭＡ－Ｎａ２／ＡＡ－Ｎａ溶液体系的ηＳＰ／Ｃ大幅度下降，当中性盐浓度大于０．０５％时，ηＳＰ／Ｃ趋于稳定。溶液ｐＨ＝８时，ηＳＰ／Ｃ最高，ｐＨ＜８或ｐＨ＞８时，ηＳＰ／Ｃ迅速降低。     

THERMAL TRANSITIONS AND MORPHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYETHER ETHER KETONE AND LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMER BLENDS

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) based on hydroxy benzoic acid and hydroxy naphthoic acid (HBA/HNA) were prepared on a single-screw extruder with rotor speed 45 rpm at 350°C. Thermal analysis data, especially the glass transition temperature (T_g), indicated that the blends were incompatible in the entire range of concentration. Melting temperature (T_m) of the blends was found to be close to melting temperature of pure PEEK. Thermogravimetric analysis data show the poor thermal stability of the blends compared to the parent material. The percent weight loss increased with increasing LCP concentration. Analysis with a scanning electron microscope clearly indicated that a distinctive fibrous morphology was developed in the extruded samples at the low concentration of LCP, but the adhesion of the fiber to the PEEK matrix was poor, with circular voids around the LCP phase at higher concentration.     

具有高界面压应力的高分子共混物Ⅰ.制备和拉伸性能

考察了高界面压应力对不相容聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚乙烯(PE)和聚碳酸酯(PC)/PE共混物拉伸性能的影响.高界面压应力是共混物低温成型(PE的成型温度)时,分散相与基体从加工温度冷却到室温过程中基体的收缩比分散相粒子大产生的.尽管PET/PE和PC/PE共混物极不相容,但拉伸强度和模量随着PET和PC含量增加而增加.PET与PC含量相同时,PC/PE的拉伸强度和模量高于PET/PE的.采用Takayanangi方程计算共混物的拉伸模量时,具有高界面压应力的PC/PE共混物的拉伸强度高于界面有良好粘结的共混物的理论值,表明在不添加增容剂时,可通过控制加工条件改善共混物界面相互作用,提高共混材料的性能.     

碳黑/聚酯纤维非连续性导电行为研究

以熔体纺丝方法制备了碳黑/聚酯(CB/PET)导电纤维,分析了偶联剂对CB/PET纤维渗流阈值和T_g的影响,研究了碳黑含量与CB/PET纤维热性能和导电性能的关系。结果表明碳黑经偶联剂处理后,CB/PET纤维的渗流阈值和T_g均有所降低;碳黑含量对CB/PET纤维的性能影响显著,即随碳黑含量增加,CB/PET纤维的正效温度系数效应向高温移动;当碳黑含量为11%时,CB/PET纤维表现为较明显的正效拉力系数效应。     

六氯环三磷腈对大豆蛋白纤维的阻燃

用六氯环三磷腈作为阻燃剂对大豆蛋白纤维及其与棉纤维的混纺纤维进行了阻燃处理,并用极限氧指数(LO I)、剩炭率、热分析和扫描电子显微镜研究了它们的阻燃性能和热性能。结果表明,与未经阻燃处理的纤维相比,阻燃处理后的纤维在物理力学性能没有减弱的情况下,极限氧指数和剩炭率提高,阻燃性能明显改进。     

Thermomechanical properties of a polymer blend: Investigation of a third phase

This paper deals with immiscible blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with polycarbonate obtained by melt mixing. Miscibility of the polyester blends is influenced by transesterification reactions, that are catalyzed either by catalyst residues in the polyesters or by catalysts added on purpose in the blend. These reactions convert the initial homopolymers into block and even random copolymers and affect both the miscibility of the system and the adhesion between the phases. The effect of catalysts and stabilizers on the morphology of PET/PC 50/50 blends was investigated using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, rheology, microscopy and tensile tests. PET/PC 50/50 containing 0.05 wt.% of lanthanide acetyl acetonate exhibit a irreversible transition occurring at temperature higher than the glass transitions of PET and PC. This transition induces a large increase of the shear modulus and it was attributed to the formation of a third phase in the blend.     

抗静电PET/ATO纤维的制备及材料的性能

采用原位聚合的方法制备了抗静电涤纶(PET)/锑掺杂二氧化锡(ATO)纳米复合材料。结果显示,ATO在PET中分散良好,团聚体尺寸小于200 nm;加入ATO没有影响PET的流动曲线类型,随着ATO含量的增加,在相同的剪切频率下,熔体黏度均呈先增加后减小的趋势;加入ATO提高了材料的热性能,利于熔融纺丝。采用熔融纺丝法制备了抗静电纳米复合纤维。ATO含量为1.0%(质量分数,下同)时纤维的比电阻由2.7×1013Ω.cm下降到4.9×108Ω.cm。抗静电纤维的渗滤阈值为1.05%,低于传统抗静电填料。     

PET/PCTG/SiO2 共混材料热性能研究

目的 PET与PCTG和Si O_2共混是提高PET综合性能的一种途径,研究共混材料的热性能的变化规律来为共混材料的共混工艺提供理论基础。方法测定PET与PCTG及不同粒径Si O_2的共混材料的升温和降温DSC分析曲线,研究PCTG和Si O_2的粒径和用量对PET/PCTG/Si O_2共混材料的冷、热结晶性能的影响。结果 PET与PCTG和Si O_2共混,PCTG和Si O_2的加入会降低PET的冷结晶温度,提高热结晶温度,Si O_2用量越大,冷结晶温度降低和热结晶温度提高的幅度越大。结论PCTG和Si O_2对冷、热结晶温度的协同影响较大,Si O_2的粒度对PET/PCTG/Si O_2冷结晶温度影响较小,对热结晶温度影响较大,Si O_2的粒度越小,热结晶温度越高。     

Morphology-tensile behavior relationship in injection molded poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polyethylene and polycarbonate/polyethylene blends (II) Part II Tensile behavior

The tensile behavior of injection molded poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/polyethylene (PE) and polycarbonate (PC)/PE blends was investigated. For the same blend, due to the difference in the elongated dispersed particle concentration, the specimens molded at higher injection speed had slightly higher tensile strength and modulus than those molded at lower speed. Moreover, the reinforcement effect of PC to PE matrix was more noticeable than PET to PE. For the stress-strain behavior, while the PET/PE blend behaved like a common injection-molded immiscible blend the PC/PE blend unusually underwent twice yielding regardless of the cross head speed. For the PET/PE blend, obvious debonding between the dispersed PET particles and the matrix PE occurred upon elongation, resulting in large grooves and voids behind the particles. The PET particles experienced slight plastic deformation from spheres to ellipsoids. The stress whitening first appeared in the necking zone then extended along cold drawing zone. For the PC/PE blend, the PC particles in the core layer experienced considerable plastic deformation throughout the tensile test. Consequently, most of PC particles in the fractured specimen were deformed into fibers. Owing to comparatively high amount of injection-induced fibers that distributed or transferred the external stress, the specimen of PC/PE blend first deformed evenly in the entire tested zone, characterized by stress whitening in the entire specimen. Then after the first yielding, the stress decreased slowly while the elongation continued. When the elongation reached a certain point, the fibers in the sub-skin layer could no longer endure the external stress, and accordingly the second yield took place. Additionally, the fibrillation of the spherical PC particles in the core layer appeared right after the second yielding point.     

热致液晶共聚酯酰胺／PET共混物的相容性和形态结构

用溶解度参数预测热致液晶共聚酯酰胺（ＰＥＡ）与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）共混物的相容性。采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜研究其形态结构。结果表明：ＰＥＡ／ＰＥＴ共混物虽然在理论上是热力学相容的，但因ＰＥＡ的热致液晶性，从液晶有序相变为各向同性存在热效应，致使理论预测与实验结果产生偏差。ＰＥＡ／ＰＥＴ共混物呈两相结构，当ＰＥＡ含量少时，两相之间具有一定的相容性。共混物熔体在剪切力作用下，液晶相形成取向微纤     

聚乙二醇改性PET／PBT共混体系研究

本文以廉价易得的聚乙二醇(PEG)作结晶促进剂,利用WAXD、DSC研究了PET/PBT共混体系的结晶行为,并以共混体系结晶熔融峰面积计算PET和PBT各自的结晶度。结果发现,加入PEG可以使共混体系冷结晶峰温明显下降,PEG用量越大,冷结晶峰温越低,结晶速度加快;随着PEG分子量增大,当小于2000或等于2000时,冷结晶峰温随之降低,但当分子量≥6000时,冷结晶峰温随之略有升高;加入PEG,对共混体系中PET和PBT各自结晶的作用不同,二者的结晶度随PEG分子量或用量变化不同。