加磷高强IF钢的最优冷轧压下率确定

为了确定加磷高强IF钢的最优冷轧压下率,以工业生产的加磷高强IF钢热轧钢板为试验材料,在实验室进行了冷轧试验和盐浴退火试验,研究了冷轧压下率对试验钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在试验条件下,试验钢冷轧压下率为50%～80%,退火温度为820～850℃时,再结晶完成;随着冷轧压下率的增加,晶粒变得细小均匀;冷轧压下率为50%～80%,退火温度为850℃时,屈服强度为160 MPa左右,抗拉强度为345 MPa左右,延伸率为35.0%左右,塑性应变比r值和应变硬化指数n值都较高,r值为1.5左右,n值为0.30左右。最终确定工业生产中最优冷轧压下率为60%～70%。     

深冲IF钢再结晶{111}纤维织构形成机制探讨

为了探讨深冲IF钢再结晶织构与退火温度之间的关系及{111}再结晶织构形成机制,采用X射线衍射三维取向(ODF)和背散射电子衍射(EBSD)分析技术并结合金相组织观察,利用Gibbs-Thom son方程对冷轧IF钢在不同退火温度下的再结晶织构演变规律及形成机制进行研究.实验结果表明:随着退火温度的增加,再结晶量逐渐增多,γ纤维织构强度亦相应增强,同时,α纤维织构强度则逐渐降低;冷轧IF钢再结晶初期的织构转变主要发生在γ纤维织构之间.研究表明,再结晶核心的形成主要以"显微择优形核"为主,晶核的长大则主要以择优生长为主,而Σ重位点阵晶界在再结晶γ纤维织构形成过程中起着重要作用.     

超快速退火对Nb+Ti-IF钢组织和织构的影响

研究了超快速退火对一种冷轧变形量为94.2%的Nb+Ti-IF钢的微观组织和织构的影响。结果表明:超快速退火(升温速度为300℃/s)提高了钢的再结晶完成温度,整个再结晶退火可在短至0.41 s内完成。与普通退火(升温速度为20℃/s)后钢的再结晶组织相比,超快速退火处理后晶粒平均尺寸由12.98μm细化到10.12μm,晶粒长大速度由～3μm/s提高到～23μm/s,且再结晶晶粒内存在大量缠结位错。在极短时间内,超快速退火再结晶织构仍以均匀、锋锐的{111}//ND有利深冲性能的γ织构为主,且避免了其它α织构的生成,有利于使退火板具有良好的成形性能。     

Ti超低碳烘烤硬化钢铁素体区轧制试验研究

实验室进行了Ti处理超低碳烘烤硬化钢的常规奥氏体区热轧和铁素体区润滑轧制以及冷轧、连续退火试验,结果表明与常规奥氏体区轧制相比,铁素体区润滑轧制能够提升超低碳烘烤硬化钢板的深冲性能,在伸长率相当的情况下退火后钢板的屈服强度和烘烤硬化BH值均略有所下降.EBSD微观取向分析表明,铁素体区润滑轧制退火钢板中的<111>//ND纤维织构稍强,两种情况下退火板中晶粒间取向都是以大角度晶界为主.     

Nb、Ti低合金高强度冷轧薄板退火工艺对机械性能的影响

采用硬度法测得Nb、Ti低合金高强度冷轧薄板的再结晶温度为600℃.再结晶温度以下退火时,钢的屈服强度随温度和时间的增加而降低,延伸率则增大;再结晶温度以上退火时,钢的屈服强度及延伸率变化不明显.实验提出合理选择热轧钢坯的强度,可避免不必要地增大冷轧机的负荷.     

罩式退火无间隙原子钢的最优冷轧压下率的确定

以工业生产的含钛、铌和含钛的两种无间隙原子(IF)钢热轧钢板为试验材料,在实验室研究了冷轧压下率对两种IF钢的显微组织、力学性能和再结晶织构的影响。结果表明:在试验条件下,两种试验钢经不同冷轧压下率冷轧和720℃×5 h罩式退火后,再结晶完成,随着冷轧压下率的增加,晶粒变得细小均匀,退火后得到的织构也增强,并且织构类型有转向{111}织构的趋势;塑性应变比r90在压下率为70%时达到最大值,随着冷轧压下率的进一步增大,r90值减小;应变硬化指数n90值逐渐降低。最后提出工业生产中冷轧压下率最佳范围为70%~80%,可获得良好的深冲性能。     

HN2154非调质钢中Ti、Nb的控制

文章研究了加Ti、Nb对HN2154非调质钢的组织、力学性能和晶粒大小的影响。研究结果表明,随着Ti、Nb的加入,HN2154钢的强度和硬度出现较明显下降,塑性略有提高,加Ti和加Nb对HN2154钢热轧状态下钢材的晶粒大小没有明显影响;但加Ti、Nb能细化HN2154钢经常规加热正火后的晶粒。加Ti和Nb对感应加热锻造后锻件的晶粒大小影响很小。根据研究结果,确定了HN2154钢中Ti、Nb的控制。     

240 MPa级高强IF钢的冷轧压下率和退火温度

以工业生产的240MPa级高强IF钢为试验材料,进行了冷轧压下率和退火温度的实验室研究。结果表明:在试验条件下,不同退火温度下,冷轧压下率在75%~85%时,试验钢为完全再结晶组织,卷取温度较高在710℃的试验钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度、伸长率、屈服点伸长率、塑性应变比及应变硬化指数分别在260MPa,445MPa,37.5%,2.14%,0.25,2.0左右;卷取温度较低在670℃的试验钢的上述参数分别为235MPa,369MPa,38.8%,1.73%,0.26,2.1左右。最终提出了试验钢工业生产中退火温度为840℃左右,冷轧压下率为75%左右,为获得高强度和优良成型性能的最佳匹配。     

电子背散射衍射技术在IF钢再结晶形核研究中的应用

运用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术对冷轧IF钢板的再结晶形核过程进行了研究。将冷轧IF钢板在再结晶初始温度进行退火处理以获得部分再结晶的显微组织,将退火试样经研磨和电解抛光后采取EBSD技术扫描获取晶粒取向信息,然后对退火试样的再结晶形核过程进行分析研究,提出了一种利用EBSD方法研究金属材料再结晶形核规律的新方法。     

B170P冷轧高强IF钢板的成型性能

高强无间隙原子(IF)钢是在IF钢基础上,通过适当提高磷和锰含量,得到兼具高强度和良好深冲性能的钢板,B170P钢是具有代表性的高强IF钢种之一。通过试验对B170P冷轧高强IF钢板的力学性能、显微组织、织构、成型性能等进行了全面研究,并与深冲用DC04钢板进行了比较。结果表明:B170P钢板与DC04钢板相比,屈服强度增加了42.86%,抗拉强度增加了26.71%,断后伸长率降低了6.21%,应变硬化指数n值和塑性应变比r值基本持平;轧面反极图和取向分布函数(ODF)图可以反映出,B170P钢板具有良好的深冲性能;B170P钢板的成型范围及膨胀性能小于DC04钢板的。     

热镀锌钢板用冷轧板退火工艺的确定

采用盐浴退火方法分别对牌号为SSGrade40,SSGrade33和SSGrade50的热镀锌钢板的冷轧硬卷进行了不同工艺的退火处理,研究了退火工艺对三种热镀锌钢板用冷轧板显微组织和力学性能的影响,以确定三种冷轧板的再结晶温度及最佳退火温度范围。结果表明：SSGrade40冷轧板的再结晶温度在720℃左右,退火温度在720℃较佳;SSGrade33冷轧板的再结晶温度在680℃左右,考虑到力学性能的稳定性,退火温度选择在720℃左右较佳;SSGrade50冷轧板的再结晶温度在700℃以上,为了保证其强度富余量和性能稳定性,退火温度选择在780℃左右较佳。     

The annealing phenomena and thermal stability of severely deformed steel sheet

However, there are many works on annealing process of SPDed non-ferrous metals, there are limit works on annealing process of SPDed low carbon steel. Therefore, in this study the annealing responses after constrained groove pressing (CGP) of low carbon steel sheets have been investigated. The sheets are subjected to severe plastic deformation at room temperature by CGP method up to three passes. Nano-structured low carbon steel sheets produced by severe plastic deformation are annealed at temperature range of 100-600 °C for 20 min. The changes of their microstructures after deformation and annealing are studied by optical microscopy. The effects of large strain and annealing temperature on microstructure, strength and hardness evolutions of the nano-scale grained low carbon steel are examined. The results show that annealing phenomena can effectively improve the elongation of SPDed sheets with preserving the hardness and mechanical strength. Also, the thermal stability of microstructure and mechanical properties can be observed through annealing temperatures up to 400 °C and temperature of 400 °C is achieved as an optimum annealing temperature in which both strength and elongation are increased and hardness inhomogeneity of the sheet is minimum. Annealing at temperatures of higher than 400 °C leads to abnormal grain growth.     

冷轧超低碳烘烤硬化钢再结晶温度测定及应用实践

在实验室模拟不同退火温度下冷轧BH铜的力学性能及金相组织变化。利用强度示差分析法确定BH铜再结晶温度,并经大生产实践验证确认;在此基础上,进一步确定了BH铜最优退火温度。     

Effect of inter-critical annealing parameters on ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation in DP 590 steel

This research investigates the effect of inter-critical annealing parameters on ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation during processing of a dual phase microstructure from a cold rolled low carbon steel. The main effort was to determine optimum annealing parameters for producing a desired ferrite-martensite dual phase microstructure in the steel for improved strength–ductility combination. A 57% cold rolled steel sheet was subjected to inter-critical annealing under different temperature–time conditions. Annealing temperatures were determined using Thermo-Calc. After annealing experiments, the resulting microstructures and corresponding hardness values were evaluated to determine ferrite recrystallization and austenite fraction under different conditions. The activation energy for ferrite recrystallization was 235.6?kJ/mol using standard Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov analysis. Experiments showed that inter-critical annealing parameters affect the phenomenon of ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation. It was observed that both the rate of ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation increase with an increase in annealing temperature. Finally, steel was annealed under conditions similar to industrial processing in an annealing simulator with the selected annealing parameters to obtain improved strength–percentage elongation combinations. The steel under these conditions showed significant improvements in strength–ductility combination (610?MPa–26%; 680?MPa–15%) with an ideal yield strength to an ultimate tensile strength ratio of 0.5.     

On Optimizing Batch Annealing for the Production of IF Steels

Batch annealing characterized by a long heating cycle and low heating temperature is widely used to produce sheet steels including interstitial-free (IF) steels. Optimizing batch-annealing conditions would be helpful in cutting lead time and saving energy while keeping the necessary deep drawability; however, little research has been done on it. The effects of batch-annealing parameters on the deep drawability of a Ti-stabilized IF steel and Nb+Ti-stabilized IF steel have been investigated. In general, a slight improvement in r_mvalue was found with the increase of annealing temperature. Because of the higher recrystallization temperatures of Nb+Ti-IF steel, it showed higher sensitivity to annealing temperature than Ti-IF steel. In addition, greater dependency of mechanical properties and deep drawability on soaking time was observed when annealing temperature was lower. Moreover, a heat transfer analysis showed that the annealing time could be reduced by 40% if the temperature decreases from 730°C to 650°C. The industrial production has verified that the analytical results are in good agreement with the recorded annealing temperature curve. Meanwhile, it has been shown that Ti-IF steels annealed at 650°C have very close deep drawability and other tensile properties compared with these annealed at 730°C.     

连续退火温度对马钢CSP流程IF钢冷轧板屈服强度的影响

采用连续退火工艺方法，研究了以CSP流程热轧卷为基料生产的冷轧卷退火温度对屈服强度的影响。分析了加热温度、缓冷温度和快冷温度对屈服强度影响的显著性，制定了连续退火温度的优化方案。     

球化退火温度对65Mn—N组织与性能的影响

为确定合适的65Mn—N钢球化退火温度,模拟工厂的等温退火工艺对65Mn—N钢进行退火处理,并对钢的组织与性能随退火温度的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,将热轧态的试样在720℃保温9h,然后炉冷至550℃．最后空冷时,铜的组织为铁素体和分布较为均匀的球粒状Fe3C碳化物,钢的显微硬度较低。     

Tensile deformation of a duplex Fe-20Mn-9Al-0.6C steel having the reduced specific weight

The room temperature deformation characteristics of a duplex Fe-20Mn-9Al-0.6C steel with the reduced specific weight of 6.84 g/cm³ in the fully solutionized state were described in conjunction with the deformation mechanisms of its constituent phases. The phase fraction was insensitive to annealing temperature in the range of 800-1100 °C. The ferrite grain size was also nearly unaltered but the austenite grain size slightly increased with increasing annealing temperature. This revealed that there is little window to control the microstructure of the steel by annealing. The steel exhibited a good combination of strength over 800 MPa and ductility over 45% in the present annealing conditions. Ferrite was harder than austenite in this steel. Strain hardening of both phases was monotonic during tensile deformation, but the strain hardening exponent of austenite was higher than that of ferrite, indicating the better strain hardenability of austenite. In addition, the strain hardening exponent of austenite increased but that of ferrite remained unchanged with increasing annealing temperature. The overall strain hardening of the steel followed that of austenite. Considering element partitioning by annealing, the stacking fault energy of austenite of the steel was estimated as ∼70 mJ/m². Even with the relatively high stacking fault energy, planar glide dominantly occurred in austenite. Neither strain induced martensite nor mechanical twins formed in austenite during tensile deformation. Ferrite exhibited the deformed microstructures typically observed in the wavy glide materials, i.e. dislocation cells. The mechanical properties of the present duplex steel were compared to those of advance high strength automotive steels recently developed.     

Improved tensile properties of partially recrystallized submicron grained TWIP steel

The effects of cold rolling reduction and annealing temperature on the mechanical properties of twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel have been investigated. The results indicated that the strengthening effect of unrecrystallized areas with a high density of nano-scale mechanical twins increased with increasing cold rolling reduction. In addition, the ductility also increased with increasing annealing temperature. Therefore, utilization of large cold rolling reduction and subsequently annealing treatment in the partial recrystallization region was suggested as an effective method to obtain submicron grained TWIP steel with an excellent combination of strength and ductility.     

Deformation-induced martensitic transformation kinetics and correlative micromechanical behavior of medium-Mn transformation-induced plasticity steel

An in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD) technique was mainly used to investigate the micromechanical behavior of medium-Mn Fe-0.12C-10.16Mn-1.87Al (in wt%) transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel subjected to intercritical annealing at 625 °C, 650 °C, 675 °C and 700 °C for 1 h. As the intercritical annealing temperature increased, the volume fraction of retained austenite (RA) and ultimate tensile stress (UTS) increased, while the Lüders strain and yield stress (YS) decreased. The incremental work-hardening exponent of experimental steel increased with increasing intercritical annealing temperature. The overall trend of the transformation kinetics of the RA with respect to the true strain followed the sigmoidal shape predicted by the Olson and Cohen (OC) model. Load partitioning occurred among the ferrite, austenite and martensite immediately after entering the yielding stage. Because the stability of the RA decreased with increasing intercritical annealing temperature, the load undertaken by the martensite increased. The moderate transformation kinetics of the RA and effective load partitioning among constituent phases were found to contribute to a favorable combination of strength and ductility for this medium-Mn TRIP steel.