载银TiO2薄膜制备及其光催化灭菌性能

在硫酸电解液中,用阳极氧化法在纯钛表面制备了纳米多孔TiO₂薄膜,并通过光沉积法进行了载银修饰。采用XRD、SEM对薄膜的形貌与相结构进行了表征,并考察了电流密度、电压和电解液浓度等对生成的TiO₂薄膜光催化灭菌性能的影响。结果表明：TiO₂薄膜由锐钛矿型和金红石型组成。随电压升高,金红石型的含量逐渐增多,微孔孔径增大,在电流密度为150 mA•cm^-2时,分别由120 V时的19%和93 nm增加到180 V时的96%和283 nm。电流密度的适当增大和适量的载银修饰有助于提高TiO₂薄膜光催化灭菌性能。在1 mol•L^-1硫酸溶液中,140 V/150 mA•cm^-2条件下制备的TiO₂薄膜,经3 g•L^-1硝酸银溶液中载银修饰后灭菌效果最佳。     

影响TiO2薄膜光催化活性的主要因素

本文讨论了影响TiO2薄膜光催化活性的主要因素:(1)TiO2薄膜的厚度与镀膜次数有较好的线性关系;TiO2薄膜的比表面积越大,孔隙、孔体积越小,孔径分布越均匀,其催化活性越高;(2)贵金属沉积可提高TiO2薄膜光催化荆表面光生栽流子的分离效率,有利于生成更多的·OH;(3)金属离子掺入TiO2薄膜晶格中可能引起晶格位置缺陷或改变结晶度,抑制电子与空穴的复合,延长载流子的寿命,从而使光催化性能得以改善.     

影响TiO2薄膜光催化活性的主要因素

本文讨论了影响TiO2薄膜光催化活性的主要因素:(1)TiO2薄膜的厚度与镀膜次数有较好的线性关系;TiO2薄膜的比表面积越大,孔隙、孔体积越小,孔径分布越均匀,其催化活性越高;(2)贵金属沉积可提高TiO2薄膜光催化剂表面光生载流子的分离效率,有利于生成更多的·OH;(3)金属离子掺入TiO2薄膜晶格中可能引起晶格位置缺陷或改变结晶度,抑制电子与空穴的复合,延长载流子的寿命,从而使光催化性能得以改善.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of TiO2-hectorite layer-by-layer thin films

TiO₂/hectorite multilayer films were prepared by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method on glass slides. The quality of multilayer formation was investigated by absorption spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron diffraction (EDS). Evidence was found for the uniform deposition of different components. The increment of film thickness was constant and independent of the number layers deposited. Photocatalytic measurements were made with methylene blue (MB). The kinetic data were represented by the first-order kinetic model. Degradation was continuously monitored by UV-spectrometry. Significant photodegradation of MB was only found in the presence of the multilayer films.     

不同金属离子掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化活性的研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备了分别用Ag^+、Cu²⁺、Fe³⁺、La³⁺、Ce³⁺和Eu³⁺等离子掺杂的纳米TiO₂薄膜，经XRD和UV-Vis对薄膜样品进行表征并研究了其光催化活性。XRD结果证明，掺镧TiO₂薄膜与未掺杂薄膜的X射线衍射图基本一致，实验条件下主要为锐钛矿型，且掺入La^3+离子使得TiO₂薄膜的晶粒变小。UV-Vis吸收光谱说明当λ＞380 nm时，其吸光度低于0.15。薄膜光催化降解亚甲基蓝的实验表明,La³⁺或Fe^3+掺杂薄膜的光催化降解率远高于未掺杂TiO₂薄膜，而Ce^3+或Cu^2+离子掺杂薄膜与未掺杂薄膜的光催化活性相似，掺Ag⁺或Eu³⁺离子则降低了活性。当最佳掺杂量La³⁺为0.6%或Fe³⁺为1.5%时，光催化降解率分别高达92%和82%。     

Ag-TiO2薄膜的制备与光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为钛的前驱体,硝酸银为银物种掺杂给体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备经Ag掺杂改性的TiO2溶胶,利用浸渍提拉法在普通玻璃片上制得了Ag-TiO2薄膜,以甲基橙溶液为模拟污染物,研究了煅烧温度、掺银量对Ag-TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响。结果表明,随煅烧温度的升高,TiO2的结晶度提高,复合薄膜表面的TiO2颗粒形貌逐渐变为规则形状,当煅烧温度为500℃时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。随着掺银量的增加,复合膜的光催化活性先增大后减小,当AgNO3质量分数0.5%时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。     

N掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯和乙醇为原料,尿素为氮源,室温下采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮掺杂的纳米TiO2粉末。采用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis DRS对样品进行了表征。结果表明：N掺杂使纳米TiO2的光谱响应范围拓展到可见光区。较佳制备条件是：n(钛酸四丁酯)∶n(尿素)为1∶3,400 ℃下煅烧3.5 h,所得样品为锐钛矿晶型,平均粒径为13 nm。光降解甲基橙实验中,溶液pH值为4.0时,降解率最大,反应3 h降解率可达70.5%。     

以水为溶剂制备TiO2-SnO2复合纳米膜及其光催化降解丙酮性能

以钛酸丁酯为原料,在不添加其他溶剂的情况下低温水解,制备了具有晶态结构TiO2与TiO2-SnO2复合透明溶胶,并在铝片上制备了纳米膜.以空气中的有机挥发物丙酮模拟污染物,研究了SnO2与TiO2摩尔比及热处理温度对TiO2-SnO2复合纳米膜的光催化降解性能的影响,并进行了X射线衍射与扫描电镜表征分析.含n(SnO2)n(TiO2)=120的该复合膜催化剂,在393～573 K较低温度下处理后具有最强的光催化活性.     

纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了纳米级TiO2颗粒,通过甲苯在样品上的光催化氧化过程评价了样品的光催化活性。考察了制备过程中的焙烧温度对样品颗粒的晶型、粒径和光催化性能的影响。X射线衍射结果表明,焙烧温度低于500℃时得到的样品都是锐钛矿型TiO2,700℃下得到的已基本是金红石型;随着焙烧温度的升高样品的粒径增大,光催化活性下降;甲苯在TiO2上的气相光催化氧化符合一级反应规律。     

Thickness effect in the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films derived from sol-gel process

TiO₂ films in various thicknesses were prepared by sol-gel method, and their photocatalytic activities in the decomposition of gaseous 2-propanol were evaluated. It was found that the photocatalytic activities of transparent TiO₂ films increase with the increase of film thickness: The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ films in 670 nm-thickness was 3.7 times that of films in 70 nm-thickness. We proposed that the higher photocatalytic activities for the thicker TiO₂ films originate from the greater amount of photogenerated electron and hole pairs, which are transferred from the inside to the surface of TiO₂ films. We also provided some experimental evidences supporting this mechanism.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2-ZnO thin films deposited by dc reactive magnetron sputtering

The effect of deposition conditions on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-ZnO thin films was studied. By using a (Ti)₉₀-(Zn)₁₀ alloy target, the samples were deposited at room temperature on glass substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering and post-annealed in air at 500 °C. The dependence of the physical properties of the films on the O₂/Ar gas ratio and the deposition working pressure was investigated. XRD patterns showed mainly the formation of the anatase phase of TiO₂. Optical absorption measurements exhibited a blue shift of the band-gap energy with increasing working pressure. XPS spectra indicated the presence of the Ti⁴⁺ and Zn²⁺ oxidation states, which correspond to TiO₂ and ZnO, respectively. The chemical state of Ti was further analyzed by means of the modified Auger parameter, α’, which gave a value of ca. 873 eV. The photocatalytic property of the films was assessed by the degradation of a methylene blue aqueous solution. The maximum photocatalytic performance was observed for the samples deposited at 3.0 mTorr and O₂/Ar gas ratio of 10/90. These results are explained in terms of the structural, optical, and morphological properties of the films.     

Preparation of transparent PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite films with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

Polymer/semiconductor oxide nanocomposite films have been intensively investigated for various applications. In this work, we reported a simple hydrothermal method to fabricate highly transparent poly(vinyl alcohol)/titanium dioxide (PVA/TiO₂) nanocomposite films with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. The as-prepared PVA/TiO₂ nanocomposite films showed high optical transparency in the visible region even at a high TiO₂ content (up to 40 wt.%). The determination of photocatalytic activity by photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) and colorless phenol showed that PVA/TiO₂ nanocomposite films exhibited enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and excellent recycle stability. This work provided new insights into fabrication of polymer/TiO₂ nanocomposites as high performance photocatalysts in waste water treatment.     

氮铈共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备和光催化活性研究

采用水解沉淀法分别制备了未掺杂、氮掺杂和不同Ce^4＋浓度的氮、铈共掺杂纳米二氧化钛粉体,并利用XRD、TEM、XPS、UV-vis对其进行表征,以甲基橙的光催化降解为模型反应,考察其在太阳光下的光催化活性。结果表明,450℃下煅烧3h制备的纳米TiO2粉体均为锐态矿型,铈的掺入使衍射峰宽化;氮、铈共掺杂能抑制锐钛矿晶粒的生长,减少团聚,使晶粒细化。N取代了TiO2晶格中的部分氧原子形成N2p掺杂能级,而铈以Ce^4＋、Ce^4＋两种价态存在于TiO2中。氮、铈的协同作用不仅使TiO2的光吸收带边红移,也能明显提高TiO2在紫外光区的吸收强度。光催化降解甲基橙实验结果表明：当掺杂量为0．6％时,Ce-N-TiO2的光催化效率最高,约为纯二氧化钛的2倍。     

载银TiO2薄膜制备及其光催化灭菌性能

在硫酸电解液中,用阳极氧化法在纯钛表面制备了纳米多孔TiO₂薄膜,并通过光沉积法进行了载银修饰。采用XRD、SEM对薄膜的形貌与相结构进行了表征,并考察了电流密度、电压和电解液浓度等对生成的TiO₂薄膜光催化灭菌性能的影响。结果表明：TiO₂薄膜由锐钛矿型和金红石型组成。随电压升高,金红石型的含量逐渐增多,微孔孔径增大,在电流密度为150 mA•cm^-2时,分别由120 V时的19%和93 nm增加到180 V时的96%和283 nm。电流密度的适当增大和适量的载银修饰有助于提高TiO₂薄膜光催化灭菌性能。在1 mol•L^-1硫酸溶液中,140 V/150 mA•cm^-2条件下制备的TiO₂薄膜,经3 g•L^-1硝酸银溶液中载银修饰后灭菌效果最佳。     

TiO2中空纤维的制备及光催化性能

采用模板法制备了不同温度的TiO2中空纤维光催化材料,并利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜对其晶型及表面形貌进行了表征.以亚甲基蓝(MB)的脱色降解为模式反应,考察了温度对TiO2中空纤维光催化性能的影响.     

陶粒载体TiO2的制备及其光催化性能的研究

采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了以陶粒为栽体的纳米TiO2光催化剂.使用XRD、TG-DTA、FT-IR进行表征;以甲基橙为目标降解物,研究了其光催化性能,对比了陶粒、TiO2粉末及陶粒栽体TiO2不同体系对甲基橙的处理效果和重复使用性能,并对不同温度条件下烧结的催化剂光催化降解有机物能力进行了比较.结果表明在700℃下烧结的催化剂对甲基橙的降解具有最大光催化活性;催化剂经重复使用3次后,仍具有较高的光催化性能.对甲基橙的降解率达94.27%.     

Preparation, crystal structure, and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films by chemical vapor deposition

Photocatalytic activities of TiO₂ films were experimentally studied. TiO₂ films with different crystal structures (amorphous, anatase, rutile) were prepared by a Low Pressure Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPMOCVD) at different reaction temperatures and also by a Sol-Gel method using TTIP (Titanium Tetra Iso-Pro-poxyde). The Effect of CVD preparation method, CVD reaction conditions, crystal structure and wave-length of UV light on the photocatalytic decomposition rate of methylene blue in aqueous solution were studied. First, the characteristics of CVD preparation of TiO₂ films, such as the CVD film growth rate, crystal structure and morphology of the grown TiO₂ films, were experimentally studied as a function of CVD reaction temperature. Secondly, photocatalytic activities of TiO₂ films were evaluated by using two types of photo-reactors. The results indicated that TiO₂ films prepared by CVD exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than a catalyst prepared by the Sol-Gel method. Among the CVD grown TiO₂ films, anatase and rutile showed high photocatalytic activities. However, amorphous TiO₂ films showed lower activities. The activity of the photocatalysts of anatase films was excellent under all types of UV-lamps. The activity of CVD-prepared anatase films was four to seven times higher than that of photocatalyst films prepared by the Sol-Gel method.     

Al2O3/TiO2/M复合膜的制备

利用直流脉冲氧化和交流电沉积,在铝基体表面制备了Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜。探讨了Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜的形成过程及制备过程的影响因素。通过电沉积在Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜上掺杂金属离子来提高复合膜的光催化性能,并用制备的Al₂O₃/TiO₂/M 复合膜光催化降解次甲基蓝。     

A12 O3/TiO2/M复合膜的制备

利用直流脉冲氧化和交流电沉积,在铝基体表面制备了A12O3/TiO2复合膜.探讨了A12O3/TiO2复合膜的形成过程及制备过程的影响因素.通过电沉积在A12O3/TiO2复合膜上掺杂金属离子来提高复合膜的光催化性能,并用制备的A12O3/TiO2/M复合膜光催化降解次甲基蓝.