非调质钢36MnVS4汽车发动机连杆胀断缺陷分析

通过合金成分测定、显微组织定量分析、室温拉伸力学性能测定,对国内某厂采用国产钢材生产的非调质钢36MnVS4连杆断口不齐、胀不断和断口变形大胀断缺陷进行分析。结果表明:连杆的组织上原奥氏体晶粒过细、铁素体含量超标、存在大量贝氏体,组织均匀性差,连杆的性能上断面收缩率大是产生缺陷的主要原因;明确材料基础特性,采用控锻控冷技术实现对组织性能精确地系统控制是解决胀断缺陷问题的有效途径。     

胀断连杆用中碳非调质KNF33MAM钢的成分与组织

用非调质钢材料代替调质钢材料来制造发动机胀断连杆，可以省去一道热处理工序，从而利于节能环保，采用胀断技术代替传统的平切技术，有利于提高连杆的装配精度。对胀断连杆用KNF33MAM非调质钢的化学成分、低倍组织、显微组织、非金属夹杂物等方面进行分析，结果可为提高国内材料水平奠定理论基础。     

胀断连杆用非调质钢C70S6的材料特性及组织性能控制

采用金相分析、硬度测定和热模拟压缩变形等实验,结合采集的工业生产数据,研究了胀断连杆用非调质钢C70S6的材料特性及组织性能控制。主要包括动态连续冷却相变规律及其影响,先共析铁素体的特性及影响,以及硬度的影响因素分析及控制。结果表明:动态连续冷却过程中,随着冷速在0.5～20℃/s范围内变化时,组织类型和含量的变化均不大;金相检验误判是部分连杆锻造企业发现连杆内部存在铁素体含量超标的主要原因;碳当量和索氏体化率是调控硬度的关键。     

汽车用非调质钢的研究进展

综述了国内外非调质钢的应用现状及发展趋势。探讨了非调质钢的强韧化机理及手段,并从非调质钢强化方程、微合金元素固溶度积方程、晶内铁素体强化、控轧-控冷技术等方面阐述了非调质钢强韧化的研究动向。列举了各类非调质钢的典型应用,分析了非调质钢在我国生产及应用中的问题,并给出扩大非调质钢生产应用的建议。     

强韧微合金非调质钢的研究动向

叙述了国内外微合金非调质钢的发展应用现状与趋势,探讨了微合金非调质钢强韧化途径,并从微合金制备工艺的变革、控锻－控冷技术的一切、成本调整及新型Ｆ－Ｂ和Ｆ－Ｍ型复相微合金非调质钢的提出、计算机模拟技术在微合金非调质钢研究上的运用以及微合金非调质钢制件应用领域的拓展等几个方面,阐述了强韧微合钢的研究会动向。     

铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢强韧化技术研究进展

因省去了淬火、回火工艺,非调质钢具有节约能源资源的特点,使其受到广泛关注,在汽车工业等领域具有很大的应用潜力。从成分优化设计、控锻控冷技术及热处理技术等方面系统阐述了铁素体-珠光体(F-P)型非调质钢强韧化技术的国内外研究概况,重点探讨了控锻控冷技术对组织细化、碳氮化物及晶内铁素体(IGF)析出行为的影响,并对其强韧化技术研究的前景进行了展望。     

激光涨断技术在发动机连杆线的应用

激光涨断技术是国际上近几年发展起来的一种连杆加工新技术,该技术能显著提高汽车发动机核心部件连杆加工精度和劳动生产率。本文结合某知名汽车部件制造厂连杆生产线搬迁项目,重点分析和阐述了激光涨断技术在连杆生产线中的布局、功能、加工工艺,以及激光涨断技术的应用优势,希望该技术能得到更广泛认识和更多应用。     

某发动机胀断连杆螺栓松脱失效分析

通过宏观分析、扫描电镜微观分析以及材料理化性能检验等方法,对某发动机胀断连杆螺栓松脱失效的原因进行了分析。结果表明:连杆螺纹表面粗糙、存在微裂纹等加工缺陷以及无螺纹区域过长、采用切削方式加工螺纹等是导致连杆螺栓松脱的根本原因。通过针对性的制造工艺改进,采用挤压成型方式代替切削方式加工连杆螺纹,大幅度提高了螺纹强度和表面光洁度,成功地解决了连杆螺栓松脱问题。     

冷作硬化非调质钢螺栓的形变强化效应

根据形变强化非调质钢螺栓的制造工序,对MFT8非调质钢原材料、冷拔和时效处理三种状态下的形变强化效应进行研究,比较了其形变硬化指数及力学性能,研究分析了组织对其性能的影响。结果表明:MFT8非调质钢形变强化效应明显;时效处理后仍具有良好的形变强化能力,可以确保螺栓在使用时的安全性;强化后的螺栓各项力学性能指标达到8.8级技术要求,研究材料能够取代调质钢制造高强度螺栓。     

胀断MC11H连杆横向断面收缩率低的原因

通过宏观观察、化学成分分析、断口分析、金相检验、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法,分析了胀断MC 11 H连杆横向断面收缩率偏低的原因.结果表明:在连杆锻造过程中,锻件大头、小头端心部和横截面1/2半径处的金属沿锻件宽度方向向四周流动,导致连杆大头端分布着短条状MnS夹杂物,从而使MC11 H连杆的横向断面收缩率降低.     

Improvement of microstructure and properties of air-cooled 46MnVS5 forging steel rod for fracture splitting connecting by thermomechanical control process (TMCP) and by niobium micro alloying

Microstructure control and properties of air-cooled high-strength 46MnVS5 forging steel rod for fracture splitting connecting were systematically investigated by quantitative metallographic analysis, thermomechanical simulation and industrial trials etc. The results indicate that the critical cooling rate for bainite transformation in the steel is about 1.5 °C/s–2 °C/s during continuous cooling. Cooling parameters are optimized in two sections. That is, the specimen is firstly cooled to 750 °C at a rate of 4 °C/s, then continuously cooled to 570 °C at 1 °C/s, 1.5 °C/s. Addition of 0.024 wt.% niobium improves the fracture splitting performance by 10 %–20 % reduction of decarburization sensitivity. Finally, the optimized parameters for the niobium micro alloyed steel in the laboratory were successfully applied to produce the connecting rod with excellent fracture splitting performance on the traditional production line.     

Improvement of mechanical properties of zirconia-toughened alumina by sinter forging

ZTA powder with a composition of 85 wt% alumina/15 wt% zirconia was prepared by a gel precipitation method. Sinter forging was performed with this powder to enhance the mechanical properties of ZTA materials. The influence of processing flaws on mechanical properties of sinter forged materials and pressureless sintered materials was investigated. Sinter forging at 40 MPa effectively decreases process flaw sizes resulting in a homogeneous microstructure and improves the grain boundary structure because of large shear applied in this process. Sinter forging resulted in an increase in strength and toughness by a factor of 1.5–2 when compared with pressureless sintered compacts. The fracture energy is enhanced by a factor of two. The predominate mechanism for improvement of mechanical properties of these sinter-forged ZTA materials is grain boundary strengthening.     

The influence of copper addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of thermomechanically processed microalloyed steels

The present study concerns the influence of Cu addition on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of directly air-cooled microalloyed thin-gauge steel. For this purpose, 1.5 wt% Cu was added to a Ti–B microalloyed steel. It is known that Ni addition to Cu-containing steel is beneficial to eliminate hot shortness caused by Cu. Therefore, the effect of Ni addition (half that of Cu in wt%) on the microstructure formation and mechanical properties has also been studied. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the directly air-cooled steels have demonstrated that addition of 1.5 wt% Cu along with 0.8 wt% Ni in Ti–B microalloyed steel results in a dual phase-like microstructure, which yielded attractive tensile strength (746 MPa) and ductility (31%). However, Cu addition deteriorated the impact toughness of the directly air-cooled Ti–B microalloyed steels.     

锻造技术在轻金属中的应用

随着社会的发展,材料的研发与设计向着轻量化、高强化发展,轻金属在航空航天以及汽车工业上表现出了良好的应用潜力,同时也对材料加工成形方式,如锻造技术等提出了更高的要求。简要介绍了金属锻造技术,如自由锻造、等温锻造和多向锻造技术,分析了锻造技术在轻量化金属如钛合金、铝合金以及镁合金上的应用,经过锻造处理后,金属的微观组织及力学性能得到了提升,锻件质量得到了改善。还介绍了数值模拟在锻造过程中模具设计及工艺优化上的研究及应用现状,同时对金属锻造未来向精密化、复杂化以及智能化的发展趋势进行了分析与展望。     

增材制造铜/钢双金属材料研究进展

铜/钢双金属材料具有力学强度高、物理化学性能优良等优势,在交通运输、电力能源和建筑工业等领域应用前景广阔。然而,传统熔铸工艺在制造铜/钢双金属材料时,容易在铜/钢界面处产生偏析现象,在一定程度上限制了铜/钢双金属材料的发展。与传统工艺相比,增材制造技术不仅能实现复杂加工零件的快速制造,而且在成形过程中较短的保温时间能缓和或消除异种金属材料界面产生的冶金缺陷,进而增强铜/钢双金属材料的力学性能。由于双金属材料是近年来的研究热点,有关增材制造铜/钢双金属材料的综述性文章较少,故综述了近年来激光、电子束及电弧增材制造技术制造铜/钢双金属材料的研究发展现状,分析了各技术的优缺点,并从制备方法、工艺参数及界面合金元素等角度,分析了影响材料界面组织性能变化的关键因素。发现在增材制造铜/钢双金属材料方面,目前激光增材制造技术主要应用于精度要求较高的小尺寸零部件,电子束增材制造技术适用于某些具有特殊性能的合金,如钛合金,而电弧增材制造技术适用于精度要求较低的大型复杂零部件。在铜/钢双金属材料增材制造过程中,界面处易形成显微组织分布不均匀、界面晶粒尺寸差异较大等现象,导致界面处产生应力集中,从而造成材料...     

Cooling effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of 27Cr–4Mo–2Ni ferritic stainless steel

The effects of cooling manner on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 27Cr–4Mo–2Ni ferritic stainless steel were investigated. It was found that the Laves phase (except for the TiN and Nb(C, N) particles) was distributed both in the grains and at the grain boundaries in the furnace-cooled specimen. The water-quenched and air-cooled specimens showed only TiN and Nb(C, N) particles. After annealing at 1100°C, the furnace-cooled specimen showed significant grain coarsening as compared to the water-quenched and air-cooled specimens. Furthermore, the Vickers hardness of the furnace-cooled specimen increased, while the total elongation decreased because of the formation of the Laves phase. The precipitation of the Laves phase resulted in the brittle fracture of the specimen during the tensile test.     

300M钢的热变形行为及热锻成形工艺研究现状

300M钢凭其优异的综合力学性能而被广泛应用于飞机起落架大型构件的生产。在大型构件的热锻成形过程中,材料的流动行为及组织演变受到众多因素影响,变形机制复杂。主要从300M钢的热变形本构模型、微观组织演变以及锻造工艺三方面对现有研究进行综述。在热变形本构模型方面,综述了300M钢在单道次及多道次热变形下的本构模型的研究现状。在微观演化方面,综述了300M钢热变形各个阶段所对应的组织演化机制,包括晶粒长大、动态再结晶、静态再结晶、亚动态再结晶以及相变过程。此外,从数值分析角度综述了热锻成形工艺的研究现状。最后,针对现有研究提出了后续值得继续深入研究的方向。     

Effect of multi-directional forging and ageing on fracture toughness of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys

Strength, ductility and fracture toughness are the most important mechanical properties of engineering materials. In this work, an Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy was subjected to multi-directional forging (MF) and ageing treatment. Microstructural evolution was studied by optical and electron microscopy and strength, ductility and fracture toughness were researched. After MF, the dislocation density was increased and the microstructure was refined. The strength and fracture toughness were increased, while the ductility was decreased sharply. Without compromising the strength, the ductility was improved significantly after ageing. The fracture toughness was increased further. The coarse and discontinuously distributed grain boundary precipitates were found to be responsible for higher fracture toughness of the fine-grained structure Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy.     

Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties in 0.5 carbon-steel processed by high temperature thermomechanical treatment

The effect of microstructure on the slow bending stress and fracture energy in 0.5C-steel processed by high temperature thermomechanical treatment (processed by forging) (HTMT) was studied to understand which microstructural factors contribute to the strength and toughness of a HTMT steel. Significant improvement was achieved in the slow bending fracture energy, with moderate increase in the slow bending stress when the steel was deformed by 50% at 1473K followed by direct water quenching and subsequent tempering at 453 K. When the steel was deformed by 50% reduction at 1173 K followed by direct water quenching and subsequent tempering at 423 K, the slow bending stress significantly increased though the increase in the fracture energy was not as great as that of the 1473 K forged steel. However, an abrupt reduction occurred in the fracture energy above suitable tempering temperatures, so above these temperatures, there was little difference between the properties of the HTMT and conventional heat-treated steels. Microstructural factors contributing to the mechanical properties are discussed in terms of thin-foil transmission electron microscopy, non-isothermal dilatometry, and X-ray measurements.     

锻造对30CrNi2MoV钢在亚温淬火下组织与性能的影响

30CrNi2MoV钢是一种中碳合金钢,常用于制造高强韧性的大型锻件,广泛用于制造火电、核电等电站装备和大型冶金、矿山和运输装备中的承力和传动结构部件.为提高30CrNi2MoV钢的低温冲击韧性和室温强度,本文采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸机和硬度仪等方法对其进行组织观测、断口形貌分析和力学性能测试,研究了不同锻造方式对30CrNi2MoV钢的组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:经过2次镦粗的30CrNi2MoV钢再经1次镦粗或1次镦粗+1次拔长两种锻造方式后能够有效细化且均匀晶粒,提高晶粒等轴性;与2次镦拔工艺的30CrNi2MoV钢相比,再经过1次镦粗或1次镦粗+1次拔长后其抗拉强度、延伸率和冲击韧性分别由1 043.6 MPa、35.65%和40.33 J提高至1 161.6和1 157.4 MPa、37.80%和36.13%、103和87 J.数据表明,30CrNi2MoV钢经过2次镦拔+1次镦粗工艺后,其组织与力学性能达到最好状态.