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为探索高粱粉对小麦粉黏度和糊化特性的影响,以高粱粉和小麦粉共混体系为对象,采用单因素试验方法,以期拓展高粱在食品加工中的应用。结果表明,不同高粱粉添加量均可提高小麦粉共混体系的峰值黏度、保持黏度和最终黏度, 10%的高粱淀粉添加量提升效果最佳。相对于纯小麦粉, 5%~20%高粱粉添加可提升共混体系的回生值,但无显著性差异(p0.05)。较高量的高粱粉添加则可极显著提高共混体系的衰减值(p0.01), 5%的高粱粉添加和纯高粱粉衰减值高于纯小麦粉,但差异不显著(p0.05)。纯高粱粉的糊化峰值时间短,且极显著低于共混体系和小麦粉组(p0.01),而纯小麦粉与共混体系组间糊化峰值时间差异不显著(p0.05)。共混体系的淀粉糊化温度没有显著性差异(p0.05)。高粱粉与小麦粉共混体系黏度和糊化特性的变化结果,可为高粱在辅食食品的加工和改性提供数据参考。 相似文献
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针对蛋糕制备中增加高纤原料含量容易带来的结构塌陷等品质不稳定问题,该研究选择高膳食纤维含量的青稞粉为主要粉料,探究青稞粉粒径及其高添加量对戚风蛋糕面糊特性和蛋糕品质的影响。以小麦粉基戚风蛋糕为对照,研究了不同粒径青稞粉(QKF80、QKF100、QKF120)在不同添加量(50%、75%、100%)下,面糊的比重、气泡分布、黏度以及蛋糕的比容、气孔结构、质构、感官品质的变化。结果表明,青稞粉粒径越大,膳食纤维含量越高,青稞粉的吸水吸油能力越强。随着青稞粉添加量的增多,面糊稳定性降低、比重及黏度增加,蛋糕比容减小、硬度增加、内部气孔变大,塌陷程度增加,感官品质下降。小粒径青稞粉可赋予面糊适当黏度,使之在缺乏面筋蛋白的情况下也能稳定。QKF120三种添加量下,面糊比重范围0.33~0.36,糊中气泡分布均匀,成品蛋糕比容4.8~5.2 mL/g,内部气孔结构致密均匀,质构特性及感官评分与小麦粉基蛋糕无显著性差异。该研究可为开发高含量青稞粉戚风蛋糕提供理论依据和实践参考。 相似文献
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我国自古重视农业生产,尤其是进入现代,杂交水稻等一系列富含高新技术的农产品问世,使得我国用世界1/7的土地,养活了世界上1/3的人口,并且一跃成为世界五大产粮大国之一.这些都是我们值得欣喜和骄傲的成绩.然而,在这些成绩的背后,我们同样要清醒的看到,现阶段的主要任务已远不止满足广大人民的粮食需求,而是要更进一步,关注粮食等食品的安全问题.我国目前正在法制化道路上不断前行,与粮食安全相关的各项法律法规还在逐渐地建立健全. 相似文献
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High- and low-grade spring and winter wheat flours of ~13% moisture were stored at 15, 25 and 37 °C and the lipids were then extracted with water-saturated n-butanol. In the original (control) flours there were more neutral lipids and glycolipids in low-grade winter than in high-grade winter and in low-grade spring than in high-grade spring flours, but there were no corresponding differences in the amounts of phospholipids. The total extractable lipid contents of the flours remained constant in the samples stored at 15 °C, but there were slight losses in the samples stored at 25 and 37 °C. Total lipid contents determined by acid hydrolysis remained constant in all cases indicating that no loss of fatty acids had occurred on storage. There was sufficient hydrolysis of all glycerides to account for the increased amounts of free fatty acids in the stored flours. Some complete deacylation of lipids to free fatty acids and water-soluble products was indicated. The fatty acid composition of all lipids remained constant, and there was no evidence of any lipoxygenase or other enzymic degradation of fatty acids. Stereoanalysis of the principal glycerides indicated that phosphatidylcholine (and probably also phosphatidylethanolamine) was specifically hydrolysed at the 2-position, presumably by phospholipase-A2. Hydrolysis of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides was attributed to the action of wheat and microbial lipases of unknown specificity. Stereoanalysis of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine and the galactosyldiglycerides was not attempted, but it was deduced that they were randomly hydrolysed at the 1- and 2-positions. The changes found in the flour lipids differed from those reported to occur in germinating wheat and in stored damp wheat flour which had been damaged by moulds. 相似文献
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小麦制粉过程不同出粉率的小麦粉粉质特性、营养组分含量都有明显差异。根据在线生产的各系统粉管的出粉率和流量比,按流量比例取不同粉管的小麦粉配成出粉率分别为35%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%、97%的小麦粉。对不同出粉率的小麦粉进行粉质特性和营养组分测定,研究出粉率对小麦粉品质和营养组分含量的影响,以期为生产中生产出加工品质、食用品质、营养品质均佳的小麦粉提出理论上的参考。试验结果表明微量营养素和粉质特性在出粉率80%左右达到最佳状态,但是灰分含量偏高。 相似文献
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天然物质沙蒿和谷朊粉进行面粉品质改良基础研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
使用天然物质沙蒿粉、谷朊粉为主要实验材料,通过单因素五水平设计,分别检验二者对 面团流变学特性变化的影响,揭示它们对面粉品质的改良作用和机理。为下一步将其与 酶制剂复合使用,组成以混合酶制剂为主要成分的复合型品质改良剂对面粉进行改良,达 到协同增效,进一步提高改良面粉品质的作用效果作一些基础研究。实验结果表明,沙蒿 粉、谷朊粉改良作用比较明显。 相似文献
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采用不同的配比将玉米粉与小麦粉混配,用混合粉制作面条,通过测定玉米-小麦混合粉鲜湿面条的蒸煮、质构及感官品质,研究玉米粉添加量对混合粉鲜湿面条品质的影响。结果表明:随着玉米粉配比的增大,面条的蒸煮损失率呈上升趋势,硬度、咀嚼性和剪切力则逐渐减小,而总评分呈先增加后降低的趋势。玉米粉、小麦粉质量比为25∶75及以下时,面条煮后没有断条现象,当二者质量比达30∶70时,开始出现断条现象,熟断条率为7.5%。各配比的玉米-小麦混合粉鲜湿面条总评分均比纯小麦粉的低,玉米粉、小麦粉质量比为15∶85时制作的鲜湿面条总评分最高,感官品质较好。 相似文献