辐照交联PVC／EVA共混物的形态结构与性能

以电子束为辐照源，以三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯（TMPTA）单体为交联敏化剂，对聚氯乙烯与乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）的共混物进行辐照交联。采用红外吸收光谱、扫描电镜方法分析了添加改性EVA的共混物形态结构。通过凝胶含量、力学性能的测定，得到结论：EVA共聚物与PVC共混可以促进PVC辐照交联，改性EVA促进效果更明显；辐照剂量增大、体系凝胶含量增加，力学性能及热延伸性能提高，但辐射剂量高于5Mrad之后，体系降解程度明显增加。     

PVC/SMAH共混物的研究

研究了聚氯乙烯（PVC）与（苯乙烯／马来酸酐）共聚物（SMAH）的共混改性,测定了共混物的冲击强度、熔体流动速率和维卡软化点。SMAH可以显著地提高PVC的熔体流动速率和维卡软化点,但共混物的制品冲击强度降低。加入第三组分（乙烯／乙酸乙烯酯）共聚物（E／VAC）后,PVC／SMAH共混物的制品冲击强度提高。结构分析表明,PVC／SMAH共混物体系是典型的两相体系。     

PA6/ABS共混物性能研究

将聚酰胺6（PA6）与市售的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）树脂共混,制备PA6/ABS共混物。研究了ABS树脂的用量对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响;采用苯乙烯及丙烯腈共聚物（SAN）和ABS粉料熔融共混制得不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物。研究了不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响。在PA6/ABS/SAN共混物中引入苯乙烯-丙烯腈-马来酸酐共聚（SAM）树脂取代部分SAN树脂,研究了SAM树脂的加入及引入顺序的不同对共混物性能的影响。结果表明, ABS树脂的用量在50%～60%左右时共混物性能最佳。随ABS/SAN共混物胶含量提高,共混物的拉伸强度、弹性模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量逐渐降低。随SAM树脂替代SAN量增加,共混物的拉伸和弯曲性能先降低后增加。但共混物熔体流动速率降低明显,而SAM树脂的引入顺序对共混物的力学性能影响不大。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯-N-环己基马来酰亚胺-丙烯腈共聚物的合成及其与PVC共混的研究

通过悬浮聚合得到了甲基丙烯酸甲酯-N-环己基马来酰亚胺-丙烯腈三元共聚物，将其作为耐热改性剂与PVC共混。研究了单体配比对共聚物的玻璃化转变温度和溶度参数的影响及共聚物含量对共混物热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，共聚物的玻璃化转变温度随N-环己基马来酰亚胺（CHMI）用量的增加明显提高，随丙烯腈（AN）用量的增加而降低；溶度参数随CHMI用量的增加上升，随AN用量的增加而下降。将此共聚物与PVC共混，当其用量为PVC的40％（质量分数，下同）时，PVC的维卡软化点提高了20℃。     

N-环己基马来酰亚胺／甲基丙烯酸甲酯／苯乙烯乳液共聚物与PVC共混的研究

通过乳液共聚合得到N-环己基马来酰亚胺(ChMI)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、苯乙烯(St)的三元共聚物(ECMS)，用共聚物作耐热改性剂与PVC共混，用TBA和TGA研究了共聚物含量对共混物热性能、力学性能、流变性能及维卡软化点的影响。结果表明随三元共聚物含量的增加，共混物的玻璃化温度及维卡软化点逐渐上升；PVC第一阶段降解完毕。后平台区残留量逐渐上升；拉伸强度提高，冲击强度下降；熔体表观粘度增加，呈假塑性流体。     

CPE-g-VC共聚树脂结构与性能的关系

采用悬浮溶胀接枝共聚方法合成不同CPE含量的CPE - g -VC共聚树脂 ,对其加工性能和力学性能进行了研究 ,并与PVC、PVC/CPE共混物进行比较。结果表明 :接枝共聚物的加工性能优于PVC和PVC/CPE共混物 ,且其加工性能随CPE含量增加而逐渐改善 ;在CPE含量相同时 ,CPE - g -VC共聚物的冲击强度大于PVC/CPE共混物 ,冲击强度随CPE含量的增加而增强 ;当CPE含量相同时 ,CPE -g -VC共聚物的冲击强度随接枝率增加而增强 ;相近CPE含量的接枝共聚物的屈服强度大于共混物。     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯三元共聚物对PVC的改性

研究了N-苯基马来酰亚胺/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯三元共聚物(简称三元共聚物)对PVC力学性能、耐热性和加工性能的影响。结果表明:随着三元共聚物用量的增加,试样的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和维卡软化温度增加,但冲击强度有所下降;PVC共混料的熔融黏度降低,加工性能提高,但塑化时间延长。     

EVA改性PE共混物力学性能和流变性能的研究

讨论了橡塑共混比、填料用量等因素对乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）改性ＰＥ共混物力学性能和流变性能的影响。试验结果表明，ＥＶＡ弹性体的加入降低了共混物的拉伸强度，提高了扯断伸长率及共混物熔体的流动性；活性碳酸钙的加入使共混物的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率和流动性下降；ＨＤＰＥ的加入提高了共混物的拉伸强度，但扯断伸长率和流动性下降。     

PVC-C/PVC共混材料的性能研究

采用氯化聚乙烯（CPE）对氯化聚氯乙烯（PVC—C）进行抗冲改性,将改性后的PVC—C与PVC进行共混,研究了PVC-C／PVC配比对PVC-C／PVC共混物力学性能、耐热性能及流变形能的影响。结果表明,PVC—C／PVC共混物的维卡软化点随PVC—C的用量增加而上升,在50／50（质量比）处有一拐点,大于50／50时上升更快些。共混物的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和熔体黏度随PVC—C用量的增加而提高;混物中随PVC—C用量增加,塑化时间缩短,塑化能力增强,而冲击强度和断裂伸长率却随PVC—C用量增加而下降。共平衡转矩增加。     

硅橡胶/EVM共混物性能的研究

考察了硅橡胶／橡胶型乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（ＥＶＭ）用量比、过氧化物品种及其用量、相容剂等因素对硅橡胶／ＥＶＭ共混物物理性能的影响。实验结果表明，硅橡胶／ＥＶＭ用量比大于１时，共混物强度性能主要受硅橡胶的影响；硫化剂选用ＤＣＰ较为合适；共混物的性能低于两种单一胶种性能的加和值，两胶种相容性较差；以乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷接枝ＥＶＭ作为相容剂，对该共混体系两相间的相容性有一定的改善。     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺/苯乙烯/丙烯腈乳液共聚物与PVC共混

通过乳液共聚合成了Ｎ－苯基马来酰亚胺／苯乙烯／丙烯腈三元共聚物,与聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）共混得到耐热ＰＶＣ共混物,研究了共聚物组分含量对ＰＶＣ共混物的力学性能、流变性的影响,用热分析法以及维卡软化点测定仪对共混物的耐热性进行了表征,同时考察了共混物的微观结构与形态。     

刚性聚合物改性PVC/CPE/CaCO_3共混体的研究

本文研究刚性聚合物(PS、PMMA)对CaCO_2填充的PVC/CPE共混体力学性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明,刚性聚合物的填入提高了共混体的冲击强度,其中,对PVC/CPE/CaCO_3=100/15/10体系的增韧效果较好。PMMA使共混体的拉伸强度有所提高而PS使共混体拉伸强度下降。流变性的测定显示,Ca-CO_2使共混体的表观粘度和粘流活化能增加,牛顿的流动性增强,而在PVC/CPE/CaCO_3共混体中加入4.5份PS能明显降低共混体的表观粘度和粘流活化能,牛顿的流动性降低,但仍有良好的挤出物外观和较低的挤出膨胀率。     

Dynamic rheological behavior and mechanical properties of PVC/ACS blends

In order to increase the processability and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), the terpolymer of acrylonitrile-chlorinated polyethylene-styrene (ACS) is used to modify the PVC. The plasticizing, rheological, and dynamic mechanical properties of PVC/ACS blends are investigated by means of torque rheometer, oscillation rheometer, and dynamic mechanical analyzer. The measurements of torque rheometer showed that both plasticizing time and stabilization torque are decreased with increasing ACS content. The PVC/ACS melts displayed larger dynamic storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G′′), and complex viscosity (η*) than that of pure PVC, and these values reached maximum for the blend with 10 wt% ACS. When ACS content was below 10 wt%, PVC and ACS showed good compatibility in the blends by displaying a single T _g; however, when ACS content was more than 15 wt%, the phase separation phenomena occurred in the blends. PVC/ACS blends showed larger storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E′′) than that of pure PVC, but these values decreased with increasing ACS content. ACS can enhance both tensile and impact strength of PVC, and the impact strength reached maximum with 15 wt% ACS content which is higher 2.5 kJ/m² than the pure PVC. These results suggested that ACS is an efficient processing aid and toughening modifier for PVC at appropriate content.     

Photostability,thermal and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/novel acrylate terpolymer blend

Methyl methacrylate/2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate/maleic anhydride terpolymer with various compositions was synthesized, characterized and investigated as a photostabilizer for rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The chemical structure of the terpolymer MMA/HEMA/MA, was confirmed by ultraviolet–visible and FTIR, spectroscopy. The molecular weights of the terpolymer were determined by applying gel permeation chromatography. The stabilizing efficiency of the terpolymer was evaluated by the determination of the weight loss of PVC/terpolymer blends after various irradiation times. The content of the formed gel as well as the intrinsic viscosity of the soluble fraction of the photodegraded polymer were also determined. The efficiency was also evaluated by measuring the extent of the discoloration of the photodegraded polymer. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the terpolymer and PVC/terpolymer blend were measured. Moreover, physicomechanical properties of photodegraded stabilized PVC samples were as well measured. The results revealed that the photostabilizing efficiency as well as thermal stability increased in the presence of the terpolymer as blended with PVC and by the increase of maleic anhydride ratio in the terpolymer. The photostabilizing efficiencies were compared with the industrially known UV absorber 2‐hydroxy‐4‐(octyloxy) phenylbenzophenone. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 25:E55–E62, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers     

氯化聚丙烯对PP/PVC共混物性能的影响

以氯化聚丙烯(CPP)为增容剂,探讨了CPP不同含量下PP/PVC体系的力学性能、相容性、流变性能以及对应的微观结构,并与氯化聚乙烯(CPE)增容剂进行了比较。发现添加5份CPP可明显改善PP和PVC两相界面相容性,与PP/PVC体系相比,拉伸强度提高了61%,无缺口冲击强度提高了100%。此时CPP还起到了一定的增塑作用,共混体系加工性能较好。与CPE相比,含有CPP的共混体系拉伸强度较高。     

ABS/PVC/CPE共混体系的力学性能

研究了填充改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)三元共聚物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和CPE三元共混体系力学性能与结构的关系。结果表明，在ABS／PVC共混体系中加入增容剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)后，提高了共混体系的相容性和机械力学性能；随着共混体系中CPE用量的增加，ABS／PVC／CPE共混体系的冲击强度、断裂伸长率上升，拉伸强度下降，而弹性模量则出现了极大值。     

Mechanical properties and rheological behavior of PVC blended with terpolymers containing N-phenylmaleimide

Three kinds of terpolymers containing N-phenylmaleimide (PhMI) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The terpolymers were used as heat-resistant modifiers, and acrylic-core/shell (ACR) was used as an impact modifier in blends with PVC. The mechanical properties and rheological behavior of the blended systems were determined. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the blends improved with increasing terpolymer content and that the apparent melt viscosity of the blends decreased with increasing terpolymer content. When 8 phr of ACR was added to the blended system, the mechanical properties and the apparent melt viscosity were greatly improved.     

TiO_2/ZnO超细粉体共混改性PET的流变性能

将改性的二氧化钛/氧化锌(TiO2/ZnO)超细复合粉体应用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的共混改性,研究了改性PET的流变性能及其纤维的力学性能。结果表明:改性PET共混物为非牛顿假塑性流体,其表观粘度随剪切速率的增大而减小;随着超细粉体含量增大,改性PET共混物非牛顿流动指数下降,熔体粘度对温度的敏感性增大,流变性能改善;当超细粉体质量分数为5%时,改性PET共混物粘流活化能可达81.5 kJ/mol;随着超细复合粉体添加量增大,改性PET纤维断裂强度下降。