改性ADC发泡剂的研究进展与市场前景

作者介绍了目前传统ADC发泡剂存在的问题,重点综述了改性ADC发泡剂产品的研究进展,包括合成工艺的改进及添加促进剂对ADC发泡剂性能的改进;同时分析了ADC发泡剂的市场情况,并对其前景进行了展望.     

ADC发泡剂生产现状与改性产品的开发

简述了偶氮二甲酰胺（ADC）发泡剂的应用市场现状与前景，介绍了国内ADC发泡剂生产发展状况和ADC发泡剂改性产品的开发。     

浅谈ADC发泡剂生产工艺现状及改进标准

ADC发泡剂的性能较好,具有较大的发气量,因此应用十分广泛。在工业生产中应用于聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯等聚合物和塑料制品的生产中,用作橡胶的合成材料。本文主要对ADC发泡剂的生产工艺现状和改进标准进行了研究,首先对ADC发泡剂进行了简单地介绍;然后阐述了ADC发泡剂生产工艺的现状;最后提出了ADC发泡剂生产工艺的改进标准。提出采用氯化氢法来替代传统的尿素法和硫酸法来生产联二脲,这样能够获得更高纯度的联二脲产品,同时减少生产设备的腐蚀和污水排放。希望本文的研究能够优化我国ADC发泡剂的生产工艺,促进ADC发泡剂的生产。     

行业动态

工信部拟推广ADC发泡剂清洁技术为提高行业清洁生产水平,工信部组织编制了ADC发泡剂行业清洁生产技术推行方案征求意见稿,目前正在全行业公开征求意见。征求意见稿提出了ADC发泡剂行业推行清洁生产技     

ADC发泡剂的改性及其研究概况

本文根据ADC发泡剂添加活化剂的实验和研究,提出了改性ADC发泡剂可以分为无沉析型、低温型、分散型和开孔型四大系列,并介绍了国内外有关改性ADC发泡剂的研究概况。     

含锌化合物对ADC发泡剂热解的影响规律

选用不同种类含锌化合物对ADC发泡剂的分解温度、分解速率、发气量等热解因素的影响进行了规律性研究。采用DSC测定ADC发泡剂热效应及含锌化合物对其分解热焓的影响。最后筛选出满足EVA加工条件的改性ADC发泡剂,对其模压发泡进行力学特性及泡孔结构分析。研究表明:含锌化合物对ADC发泡剂的活化作用是一种催化作用,并且通过Lewis酸碱理论分析了活化程度的不同,其中醋酸锌对ADC发泡剂的活化程度最为明显,但是氧化锌改性后的ADC发泡剂加入到EVA基体中的制得的泡沫材料的力学性能和泡孔结构更优异。     

工信部拟推广ADC发泡剂清洁技术

为提高行业清洁生产水平，工信部组织编制了ADC发泡剂行业清洁生产技术推行方案征求意见稿．目前正在全行业公开征求意见。征求意见稿提出了ADC发泡剂行业推行清洁生产技术的总体目标：到2015年，完成酮连氮法水合肼生产ADC发泡剂技术的工业化应用示范，ADC发泡剂缩合母液资源化利用技术普及率达40％。以2015年预计ADC发泡剂产量200kt计．将减少高含盐、高浓度氨氮废水产生量600kt／a．同时减少氨氮产生量47kt／a。     

ADC发泡剂生产工艺技术研究

ADC发泡剂是泡沫制品中用量最大、用途最广的通用型发泡剂，但是传统ADC发泡剂的生产工艺有物料消耗大、污染排放高的问题，本文立足于清洁生产，从水合肼生产法、缩合工艺、氧化工艺、回收工艺等方面的优化，对ADC发泡剂的生产工艺进行论述。     

PVC-U低发泡制品中常用发泡剂性能分析

介绍了PVC-U低发泡制品中常用的发泡剂及其发展趋势,分析了不同发泡剂对生产加工及制品性能的影响。结果表明,NaHCO3发泡剂和ADC发泡剂复合使用,可以使热量的吸热、放热互补,形成平衡,发泡易于控制;ADC发泡剂的粒径越细,产品发泡越均匀、细密,密度越小,材料性能越好;当熔体强度适宜时,ADC发泡剂添加量越多,在熔体中形成的气泡也越多,制品的密度越小。     

偶氮二甲酰胺改性品种的开发及应用

通过添加一种有效的试剂．可以调节二脲氧化制发泡剂ADC产品的细度。制备不同细度系列发泡ADC品种。通过添加惰性无机物SiO2等微粉。便于细度系列发泡剂ADC洗涤、烘干、粉碎且产品具有良好的分散性．从而提高发泡剂的ADC的使用性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。