一种基于LEACH协议改进的簇间多跳路由协议

为了均衡无线传感器网络的能量消耗,延长网络的生存时间,在研究几种基于均匀分簇和非均匀分簇的路由协议基础上,提出一种基于LEACH协议改进的簇间多跳路由协议。该协议引入能量因子和距离因子修正了LEACH协议的阈值函数。在簇间通信过程,簇头节点与Sink节点之间采用多跳通信方式,簇头与簇头之间形成一条通向Sink节点的优化路径。实验结果表明,相比于LEACH协议和EEUC协议,本文提出的新协议能够有效的均衡网络的能量消耗,延长无线传感器网络的寿命。     

一种无线自组网均匀分布簇结构路由

在低能量自适应簇结构层次(lowenergy adaptive clustering hierarchy,LEACH)路由协议的基础上,提出了一种均匀的分布式簇结构层次路由协议。该协议将路由过程分为三个步骤,按照能量均衡的原则选取簇头节点,各节点能够分布式地自主决定该节点的状态。仿真结果显示,该协议拥有比LEACH更低的能量消耗和更长的网络生命周期。     

基于能量均衡的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

针对当前无线路由协议的能量和簇头瓶颈问题,以延长网络生存时间和提高能量利用率为目标,提出一种能量均衡无线传感器网络分簇路由协议。首先根据能量消耗最小原则,得出最优簇头数目,并按区域划分为簇,然后通过节点剩余能量和通信代价2个参数选取簇头,并且动态地轮换簇头,最后进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明,相对于其它改进LEACH协议,本协议有效地减少能量消耗,明显增加了网络节点存活率。     

节能高效的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇路由协议

为了有效均衡无线传感器网络能耗、缓解能量洞问题、延长网络生命周期,提出了一种节能高效的非均匀分簇路由协议,其核心思想是采用结合计时广播和簇头轮换机制的非均匀分簇（BR—EEUC）算法对网络分簇,并根据代价函数选择代价较低的簇头作为中继节点,形成以汇聚节点为根节点的多跳路由,从而大大降低了能量开销。通过在OMNet＋＋平台上的仿真实验结果表明：与LEACH和EEUC等路由协议相比,该协议有效地均衡了网络能量消耗,延长了网络寿命。     

一种事件驱动型WSN状态监测信息路由协议

为了均衡无线传感器网络(WSN)中各节点的能量消耗,提出了一种基于分簇路由算法思想的网络自身健康状态信息传输路由协议——事件驱动型状态监测信息路由协议（ED-SMIR）。在ED-SMIR协议中,簇内节点根据能量消耗速度的大小,采用单跳和多跳轮换的方式,簇头到sink节点的路由,采用多跳的方式。仿真实验表明,与LEACH和EDBCM协议相比,ED-SMIR消耗的能量更少,可以均衡整个网络的能量并有效延长网络的生存时间。     

基于布谷鸟搜索算法的无线传感器网络改进路由协议

为了解决无线传感器网络(WSNs)能量消耗不均衡,网络生存时间短的问题,在研究了几种现有路由协议基础上,提出一种基于LEACH协议改进的簇间多跳路由协议.该协议引入能量因子、密度因子和距离因子,修正了LEACH协议的阈值函数,并结合布谷鸟搜索算法对簇头集合进行了优化,同时提出新的路由机制,在簇头采用多跳方式和Sink节点进行数据通信.模拟实验表明:相比于LEACH协议,提出的新协议可以有效地均衡网络节点能量,延长网络生命周期.     

基于网格分簇的WSN能量感知路由协议

针对现有无线传感器网络中各节点能量消耗不均的缺陷,提出基于网格的二层分簇方案设计能量感知路由协议,在分簇过程中,利用节点位置信息确定簇的大小,通过簇头节点来实现均匀的网络划分。经过理论分析和仿真实验,对该协议的性能进行验证,并与LEACH协议进行比较。结果表明,该协议能够使网络中各节点较均衡地消耗能量,从而延长整个网络的生命周期。     

一种基于多权值的低能耗WSNs分簇协议

延长网络的生命周期、有效降低节点的能量消耗是无线传感器网络(WSNs)路由研究的重点;针对LEACH协议的簇头选举不合理和和簇成员仅依据自身通信代价选择簇头导致节点能耗不均衡,网络能量利用率低的问题,提出了一种基于多权值的低能耗分簇算法,它综合考虑了候选簇头的剩余能量、节点已当选簇头次数和当前网络簇头个数等多个因素;仿真实验表明,改进协议有效地降低了节点的总能量消耗、提高了网络节点的存活数目,延长了网络的生命周期。     

煤矿无线多媒体传感器网络能量均衡路由方法

针对煤矿井下多媒体信息采集需求及巷道带状空间与传感器网络中节点能量受限的特点,构建了煤矿无线多媒体传感器网络(WMSN)系统模型,提出了一种由基于位置与剩余能量的虚拟网格中层次分簇(PREHCVG)算法及基于能量与距离的蚁群路由(EDACR)算法构成的煤矿WMSN能量均衡路由方法。该方法中,PREHCVG算法根据网络中节点的通信半径对节点进行虚拟网格划分来实现分簇管理,并结合节点的剩余能量及所处位置信息选取簇头节点;EDACR算法根据节点的剩余能量及节点间距离信息,从簇头节点及备选簇头节点中选出路由节点。仿真结果表明,与经典LEACH算法相比,煤矿WMSN能量均衡路由方法能够有效均衡WMSN中节点的能量消耗,减少WMSN中能量耗尽的节点数,延长WMSN生命周期。     

基于能量优化的无线传感器网络分簇路由算法研究

无线传感器网络的路由协议设计要同时关注单个节点的能耗及整个网络能量的均衡消耗.分簇算法能有效解决节点能耗受限与不同节点能量开销不平衡问题.在分析了传统分簇路由LEACH(low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy)协议中选择簇头算法不足和当前一些典型基于LEACH思想的路由改进算法...     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。