Biomaterial Based Polyurethane Adhesive for Bonding Rubber and Wood Joints

An intermediate compound for synthesizing polyester polyol was prepared from glycosylation of potato starch by reacting it with ethylene glycol in presence of sulphuric acid. Glycol glycoside thus prepared was characterized by HPLC and FTIR. This polyhydroxy compound was replaced in varying amounts with trimethylolpropane for polyester polyol synthesis. Sebacic acid was used as dicarboxylic acid along with castor oil for polyester polyol formulation. Polyols were reacted with toluene 2,4-diisocyanate adduct for polyurethane formation. Polyester polyol and polyurethane were characterized by FTIR. Polyurethane was utilized for bonding wood as well as rubber joints. Bond strength was measured by means of lap shear strength and peel strength for wood and rubber joints, respectively. Chemical resistance of polyurethane adhesive was also evaluated. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

多元醇对聚氨酯胶粘剂性能的影响

讨论了聚酯多元醇及聚醚多元醇对聚氨酯胶粘剂机械性能的影响,实验结果表明,由不同类型及不同分子结的多元醇所制备的聚氨酯胶粘剂具有不同的性能和用途。     

服装面料用聚氨酯胶黏剂的研制

介绍了用扩链剂A、混合多元醇和异氰酸酯等材料合成了适合服装面料行业所需的聚氨酯胶黏剂。简单介绍了聚酯多元醇和聚氨酯的合成工艺。研究讨论了多元醇的类型、扩链剂的结构、异氰酸酯指数、溶剂等方面对聚氨酯胶黏剂性能的影响。最终确定的以混合多元醇、扩链剂A、异氰酸酯和混合溶剂等原料合成的聚氨酯胶黏剂其外观澄清透明、软化点在1 0 0～ 1 1 0℃、固含量 35 %时黏度在 1 0 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 0 0mPa·s之间、硬度为 70～ 80邵氏A ,且贮存稳定     

聚醚-聚酯型水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成

文章以聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇为软段,以甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,4-丁二醇等为硬段,采用两步法合成水性聚氨酯胶粘剂。研究了亲水基团的含量、异氰酸酯基(-NCO)与羟基(-OH)的摩尔比、聚醚/聚酯二元醇复配比例等对水性聚氨酯胶粘剂性能的影响。结果表明:亲水性基团含量1.5%～1.7%,异氰酸酯基与羟基的摩尔比为1.13～1.27,聚醚/聚酯复配比例为25/75～35/65时所合成的胶粘剂对BOPP/PET软包装复合材料有较佳的粘结性能。     

表面处理对硅橡胶胶粘剂胶接性能的影响

本文着重研究了不同表面处理条件下硅橡胶胶粘剂的粘接性能。有机硅烷偶联剂对提高硅橡胶胶粘剂的粘接性能有显著效果,其中以GPJ－43的处理效果为最佳。铝合金试样机械打磨后采用不同溶剂清洗对粘接性能也有影响,其中以三氯乙烯的效果为最好。磷酸阳极化是很有效的表现处理方法。对铝－铝粘接界面的分析发现,硅橡胶胶粘剂粘接接头的破坏一般为胶粘剂的内聚破坏或胶粘剂与偶联剂界面的粘附破坏。     

软木制品用聚氨酯胶黏剂的研制

详细地阐述了软木制品用单组分聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备工艺和反应过程中的影响因素。研究了聚醚多元醇的种类和相对分子质量、原材料中的水分含量、胶黏剂中NCO含量和反应条件等对单组分聚氨酯胶黏剂性能的影响,并确定了较佳工艺条件。     

高强度飞机座舱软联接用聚氨酯胶黏剂的研制

介绍了一种飞机座舱边缘联接用双组份高强度聚氨酯胶黏剂,该胶室温胶接强度大于250kN/m,剥离强度大于3.0N/mm,120℃胶接强度为50kN/m,-60℃胶接强度为258kN/m.在水中浸泡72h后,其剥离强度略有增加,为3.50 N/mm,在航空煤油中浸泡72h后,剥离强度强度为3.07N/mm.并且探讨了合成...     

含侧基聚酯型聚氨酯耐水解性的研究

通过对比4种含有不同侧基结构的聚氨酯胶膜的力学性能和耐水解性,发现以含有较大空间位阻侧基的2-乙基-1,3-己二醇与己二酸合成聚酯二元醇（PEPO。EHO）为原料制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较优异的耐水解性,而以1,3-丙二醇与己二酸合成聚酯二元醇（PEPO—PPD）为原料制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较好的力学性能。选取PEPO-EHO与PEPO-PPD混合后制备出的聚氨酯胶膜力学性能和耐水解性较好。当PEPO-EHO与PEPO-PPD在软段中混合的质量分数分别为50％时,所制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较好的综合性能。     

蓖麻油基多元醇改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的研究

以绿色可再生的蓖麻油(CO)和甘油为原料进行酯交换,然后将其产物(P-CO)与六氢苯酐(HHPA)进行酯化反应制备了蓖麻油基多元醇(P-HHPA-CO),将P-HHPA-CO和甘油代替传统的石油类多元醇,与异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)在无催化剂条件下合成了环保型脂肪族聚氨酯胶黏剂,并对不同NCO/OH摩尔比制备的聚氨酯胶黏剂涂膜进行了热重分析、差示扫描量热分析、拉伸力学性能测试、剥离及剪切强度测试。结果表明,制得的P-HHPACO羟值为219mg KOH/g;当摩尔比为1.3时,聚氨酯胶黏剂涂膜的T剥离强度达到399.2N/m;摩尔比为1.5时,剪切强度达到7.1N/mm²。     

新型透明聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究

介绍了粘接聚碳酸酯－－聚碳酸酯板、聚碳酸酯－玻璃板、聚碳酸酯－有机玻璃板等透明防弹材料用透明聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成，讨论了原材料配比，NCO／OH的配比、水含量对胶粘剂性能的影响，确定了制备了工艺。     

聚酯/聚醚型聚氨酯互换膜材的制备与应用

为了优化聚氨酯(PUR)包膜尿素控释性能,采用多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯分别与聚酯和聚醚多元醇按不同配比混合,依照不同次序先后喷涂在尿素颗粒表面制备聚酯型和聚醚型PUR互换层包膜尿素并利用分光光度法研究其控释性能。通过接触角、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜对膜材的润湿性、热稳定性和形貌进行了表征,并采用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了尿素释放过程中膜层的结构变化。结果表明,聚酯型PUR的疏水性弱于聚醚型PUR,但热稳定性高于后者;两者的包覆次序影响PUR包膜尿素的控释效果,聚酯型PUR为外层、聚醚型PUR为内层时控释性能优良,当两者包覆比例(质量比)为1.5∶1.5时,释放期最长可达84 d。     

影响混炼型聚氨酯橡胶性能的因素

介绍混炼型聚氨酯(MPU)橡胶的研究现状,讨论影响MPU橡胶性能的因素。与聚醚型MPU橡胶相比,聚酯型MPU橡胶的耐低温性能好,耐光性能稳定,耐磨性能优异,添加水解稳定剂后耐水性能大大提高。与硫黄硫化的MPU橡胶相比,硫化剂DCP硫化的MPU橡胶压缩永久变形较小。温度升高,MPU橡胶的物理性能、耐老化性能、耐水性能和耐湿性能均下降。添加增塑剂后MPU橡胶的物理性能和耐磨性能下降,耐低温性能改善。     

以聚酯多元醇为基的聚氨酯弹性体的动态力学性能研究

合成了以聚酯多元醇为基的聚氨酯弹性体(PUE),研究了聚酯多元醇结构及相对分子质量、扩链剂类型及用量等因素对聚氨酯弹性体的动态力学性能的影响。结果表明:以相对分子质量为2000及3000的聚酯多元醇制得的PUE中存在明显的相分离;当扩链剂中带有苯环结构时,PUE的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)升高,储能模量增加,阻尼因子下降;PUE的Tg及储能模量随着扩链剂L-MOCA用量的增加线性升高,阻尼因子线性下降。     

阴离子型水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成研究

文章以二异氰酸醣、聚醚二元醇、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）等为基本原料制备了一种稳定的聚醚型阴离子水性聚氨酯胶粘剂,分析了水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备条件、催化剂用量、增稠剂等因素对水性聚氨酯胶粘剂乳液、胶膜及剥离强度的影响。     

消防水带用聚氨酯胶黏剂的研制

采用具有较高结晶性的聚酯多元醇,以及合适的扩链剂和异氰酸酯为原料制备高初粘强度的消防水带用聚氨酯胶黏剂,并且分析了聚酯多元醇种类及数均相对分子质量(n)、扩链剂种类及用量、异氰酸酯指数(R)、纳米白炭黑及水解稳定剂对聚氨酯胶黏剂性能的影响。实验结果表明,采用n为3000左右的聚己二酸1,4-丁二醇酯,扩链剂采用1,4-丁二醇,R取1.02～1.03,并且加入经过表面改性的纳米白炭黑TS-720,加入0.5%～0.7%(与聚酯的质量比)的水解稳定剂,反应后得到的聚氨酯胶黏剂具有较高的初粘强度、较好的耐水解性能和耐老化性能。     

BOND STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT OF POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE BY GRAFTING 2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE ON POLYOL BACKBONE

A series of acrylated polyols were prepared by grafting 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on to polyol backbone prepared from vegetable oil fatty acid and epoxy resin. Grafting was carried out by free radical mechanism on conjugated double bond present in the polyol using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. Polyols and polyurethane adhesives were characterized by IR spectroscopy. Polyurethane adhesive synthesized from the modified polyols were found to provide better peel strength to styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) joints. Mode of failure was studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Improvement in cohesive strength of the adhesives resulted in high bonding strength. Comparative study has been carried out to determine the effect of acrylation on polyurethane adhesive by Green strength, Curing behavior, and Chemical resistance studies. Loading of 20% HEMA gave significant results. However, 15% loading of HEMA resulted in a sample with highest peel strength.     

包装用聚氨酯胶粘剂研究

对各种聚氨酯胶粘剂的优缺点、组成及其改性途径作了较为全面的阐述，同时对国内复合膜用聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究现状及其发展趋势作了简要叙述。     

接枝氯丁胶粘剂的合成

在氯丁橡胶（CR）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）接枝胶中，通过加入第二单体丙烯酸（AA），进一步提高CR／MMA接枝胶的粘接性能。研究了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂的用量及第一单体MMA的用量对接枝共聚反应的影响，确定了最佳的反应条件和配方组成。     

Surface Characterization of Vulcanized Rubber Treated with Sulfuric Acid and its Adhesion to Polyurethane Adhesive

Modifications produced on a vulcanized styrene -butadiene rubber surface by treatment with sulfuric acid were studied and several experimental variables were considered.

The treatment of R1 rubber with sulfuric acid produced a noticeable decrease in contact angle which was mainly ascribed to an increase in surface energy due to the formation of sulfonic acid moieties and C=O bonds, and the removal of zinc stearate. The rubber surface swelled and became brittle as a result of the treatment, and when flexed microcracks were created. A rubber surface layer modification was produced with a consequent decrease in tensile strength and elongation-at-break values. The treatment enhanced the T-peel strength of R1 rubber/polyurethane adhesive joints and the locus of failure was cohesive in the rubber.

The optimum immersion time in H₂SO₄ solution was less than 1 min., and the reaction time in air was not found to be critical; the neutralization with ammonium hydroxide and the high concentration of the sulfuric acid (95 wt%) were essential to produce adequate effectiveness of the treatment.     

用废聚酯制备双组分高固含量聚酯型聚氨酯漆

以废聚酯材料、季戊四醇、豆油酸、苯酐等为主要原料制备了高固体分聚酯多元醇树脂,再与高固体分聚氨酯树脂配制而成高固体聚酯型聚氨酯漆.讨论了酯化工艺、催化剂种类、升温速率和醇解温度对醇解反应的影响,并分析了经济效益.结果表明,采用二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,以在240～250℃下用甘油醇解、酯化,制备的高固体分聚酯多元醇树脂固体分为(80±2)%,羟值为(100±10)mgKOH/g.该树脂与聚氨酯树脂组成的双组分聚酯型聚氨酯漆操作方便、工艺稳定、质量达标、经济效益显著,为废聚酯的回收利用找到了新的途径,又为高档漆提供了价廉的原料,增加了社会效益.