利用电流变材料在线改变镗杆固有频率抑制切削颤…

金属切削加工中,再生型颤振是一种不易于通过机械结构改良克服的影响切削加工质量,刀具切削不稳定现象。本文通过连续小范围的改变切削系统固有频率,实现了再生型切削颤振的在线抑制。这种方法非常适用于受加工需要而无法提高切削稳定性的镗削及钻削加工。     

再生型机床切削颤振系统稳定性极限预测

机床切削加工一般都是在有振纹的表面上进行的,由振纹再生效应引发的再生型切削颤振是机床切削颤振的主要形态.本文推导了再生型切削颤振系统极限切削宽度随机床主轴转速变化的理论计算公式,提出了机床切削系统稳定性极限预测方法,并就试验系统的切削稳定性极限进行了预测,实测结果表明,试验结果与预测结果基本相符.     

振动切削中刀尖圆弧半径对难切削材料加工的影响

通过对振动切削和传统切削的再生颤振发生机理的仿真计算,提出了在振动切削中采用较大刀尖圆弧半径刀具的加工方法解决难切削材料加工中的再生颤振及刀具强度问题。实验证明了这一新加工方法的有效性,并取得了精度高、稳定性好的加工效果。     

数控加工大圆弧型面的工艺路线比较与颤振抑制

数控强力切削效率高，质量稳定，但数控强力切削过程中，由于切削参数较大，易产生颤振，因此影响产品质量。文中比较了在CK５１１２数控机床上加工大圆弧形面时几种走刀路线，表明圆弧走刀法能有效抑制颤振的发生，保证产品质量。切削过程的颤振与影响颤振是机械加工中在没有周期性外力作用下，由机床—工件—刀具—夹具工艺系统内部激发反馈产生的周期性自激振动。国内外学者对颤振产生的机理，进行了深入研究，从不同的方面阐述了颤振的特性和机理，颤振主要可分为再生型、振型耦合型、摩擦型、滞后型等几种颤振类型犤１犦犤２犦。下面…     

基于变速切削方法抑制再生颤振的研究与应用

在分析各种抑制切削颤振方法的基础上,通过利用变速切削方法抑制再生颤振的实验,给出一定切削条件下的实验结果,该实验结果显示了变速切削在抑制再生颤振方面的突出效果,并进一步分析了变速切削方法在抑制再生颤振上的应用前景。     

再生型切削颤振系统极限切削宽度探究

建立了数控再生型切削颤振系统的模型,推导再生型切削颤振的系统极限切削宽度计算公式.通过具体的试验和数学公式,基于Simulink对极限宽度进行仿真,能够很好地归纳出再生型颤振系统极限切削宽度,对实际加工有很好的指导作用.     

切削加工系统再生颤振机理的研究概况

再生颤振是金属切削加工过程中的一种常见现象,也是影响零件加工质量和限制生产率提高的主要因素之一。本文分别从线性和非线性颤振理论的角度,综述了国内外对再生颤振理论的研究概况。     

切削颤振的动态切削力测试与研究

切削颤振的动态切削力测试与研究东北重型机械学院于忠海，李金良，张纪信一、前言金属切削加工中．在工件与刀具之间经常发生强烈的振动．其中颤振所占比重较大。目前．关于颤振的理论．如再生自振理论，振型关联理论．摩擦特性自振理论等、各学说都是从不同的角度来解释...     

PCBN刀具车削镍基高温合金GH4169再生颤振仿真与试验研究

针对PCBN刀具车削镍基高温合金GH4169中颤振对加工效率和质量的影响,建立一种根据切削参数有效判定切削状态的方法。首先建立了二自由度外圆车削再生颤振模型,然后利用锤击法对数控车床的刀具系统进行模态试验,测定了1阶频率、模态阻尼、模态刚度、模态质量等模态参数;设计了二自由度外圆车削再生颤振MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型,根据仿真结果预测了稳定极限切削深度和颤振的主振方向。最后利用PCBN刀具进行变切深试验。试验结果表明,仿真模型正确。     

浅谈机械加工中切削加工及切削颤振

切削加工的好坏直接影响着机械产品的质量,切削加工中产生的颤振是引起机械产品不合格的重要影响因素。本文首先简单介绍了切削加工在机械生产中的作用以及切削刀具的重要性,同时针对在切削加工中颤振产生的原因与危害进行分析讨论,最后提出了一些降低颤振产生的控制措施,从而提高机械产品的加工质量和生产效率。     

金属切削加工的颤振及避振分析

针对规避切削颤振问题,应用相对切削速度概念,提出了速度型动态切削力表达式以及车削或镗削的振动力学模型。通过对速度型动态切削力分析,解释了切削颤振产生的机理,给出了颤振发生的必要和充分条件。同时指出,在较大的切削速度范围内,存在一个或两个相对稳定的切削速度区域。如果公称切削速度处于该稳定区域,即使背吃刀量较大,系统也不易发生颤振。这种相对稳定的切削速度区域是可以预估的,文中给出了预估公式及预估方法,并由实验分析验证。依据能量原理提出的极限背吃刀量指标是预防颤振发生的有效预估指标,极限背吃刀量的表达式也解释了变速切削技术抑制颤振的原理。     

一种新的临界稳定公式及其绝对稳定切削判据

1. The transfer function of .chatter and its extend results. Experiments show that when chatter is excited, the dynamic cutting forces in cross directions are linearly related, i. e. Fc (S) = aFd (S). Here Fc (S) and Fd (S) are individualy the cross force and direct force, a is the linear factor. So the transfer function of the structure is Gd(S)+aGc(S), Gd(S) and Gc(S) are individually direct dynamic compliance and cross one. Therefore, the transfer fuction of the cutting chatter loop should be A system which can be calculated as a single degree of freedom has been designed by the authors for the test. Its damping ratio can be adjusted from 0.03 to 0.8. When chatter is just excited, μ = 0 and the natural damping ratio of the structure just offset by the cutting damping ratio. The results of measuring shows the latter ratio is-0.18. According to the for-mula (3), we can get critical cutting width 21.9mm, and the test value is 20.5mm. But the value of Tlusty formula is 26.97mm.The confirming test has proved the theory and the formulas in this paper are correct. They show that the absolutly stability criterion is not only related to the maxmum dynamic negative part of the real compliance of the structure but also to the maxmum negative coefficient of cutting damping force and the frequency of the chatter. The test show the formula (3) can be used for forecasting the cutting clatter.     

Automatic selection of spindle speed for suppression of regenerative chatter in turning

The paper presents a new spindle speed regulation method to avoid regenerative chatter in turning operations. It is not necessary to analyse complex cutting dynamics to search for stable spindle speeds to eliminate regenerative chatter. The metal removal rate is also greatly improved by using this method. The stability lobe diagram for the stability limit of chip width and chatter frequency versus spindle speed is derived by using the Nyquist stability criterion. It is shown that stable spindle speeds can be automatically obtained when the chatter frequency is found. Computational simulations and experimental cutting tests are performed to illustrate the proposed method.     

Chatter stability prediction in milling using time-varying uncertainties

The chatter stability in milling severely affects productivity and quality of machining. Tool wear causes both the cutting coefficient and the process damping coefficient, but also other parameters to change with cutting time. This variation greatly reduces the accuracy of chatter prediction using conventional methods. To solve this problem, we consider the cutting coefficients of the milling system to be both random and time-varying variables and we use the gamma process to predict cutting coefficients for different cutting times. In this paper, a time-varying reliability analysis is introduced to predict chatter stability and chatter reliability in milling. The relationship between stability and reliability is investigated for given depths and spindle speeds in the milling process. We also study the time-varying chatter stability and time-varying chatter reliability methods theoretically and with experiments. The results of this study show that the proposed method can be used to predict chatter with high accuracy for different cutting times.     

考虑模态耦合的球头铣刀颤振稳定域建模方法

球头铣刀广泛应用于曲面加工中,因此构造出针对球头铣刀的颤振稳定域叶瓣图意义重大。利用精细积分法对铣削系统二阶动力学方程进行时域数值求解,由切削刃与切触区域不同时刻的关系,确定出时域数值求解方程中所需要的刀刃瞬时切削部位,通过Floquet定理获得了高精度的颤振稳定域叶瓣图,并在三轴数控机床上进行了正确性试验验证。试验结果与预测结果相一致,表明所提供的方法能够为球头铣刀实现无颤振切削加工提供有力的技术支撑。     

Unique regenerative chatter in wiper-turning operation with burnishing process Part 2: Experimental verification of predicted generation mechanism,critical stability,and characteristics

In this paper, the predicted generation mechanism, chatter stability, and characteristics of the unique regenerative chatter with the burnishing process in wiper-turning operations are verified experimentally. It was found in the first part of the paper that the vibration regenerates in the burnishing process by the wiper part of the insert causing a novel type of chatter. In this second part, this chatter phenomenon is investigated in an experimental manner to verify its mechanism. The specific burnishing force, which is a gain factor characterizing the burnishing process, is determined by the Hertzian contact law. In addition, the specific cutting force is measured by a cutting test, the compliance of the flexible structure is measured by a hammering test, and the residual compliance is measured by a static indentation test. Then, experiments are conducted where the tilt angle and the feed rate are varied to find the critical stability. The conducted chatter experiments prove that the predicted generation mechanism, critical stability, and characteristics are true.     

再生型切削颤振稳定性极限的图解法

分析了再生型切削颤振的稳定性极限,并提出一种简单的确定稳定性曲线的图解法,这种图解法对于分析系统的稳定性更具有直观性,并为抑制再生型切削颤提供了理论依据。     

Proposal of novel chatter stability indices of spindle speed variation based on its chatter growth characteristics

Chatter is one of the most critical problems that causes poor surface quality and restriction of machining efficiency. Spindle speed variation (SSV) is a well-known technique for suppression of regenerative chatter. However, in the authors’ understanding, the chatter suppression effect diminishes when the spindle speed difference between the present and previous cutting moments is small. Furthermore, the stability changes largely according to the spindle speed variation profile which changes with the set condition of SSV parameters, e.g., nominal spindle speed, variation period and variation amplitude. Therefore, SSV parameters should be adequately set to avoid this limitation and to exert its effect throughout the entire duration of cutting. However, there is no clear methodology to determine the optimal condition. This paper presents the characteristics of chatter growth during SSV focusing on the change of chatter frequency, which lead to novel indices to evaluate the chatter stability when cutting with SSV. To verify the validity of the indices, time-domain simulations and the cutting experiments with triangular spindle speed variation (TSSV) are carried out. The influence of SSV parameters on the chatter stability is investigated from the simulation and experimental results. The limitations of widely utilized SSV profiles are discussed.     

Proposal of novel spindle speed variation profile with constant acceleration rate for improvement of chatter stability

Spindle speed variation (SSV) is one of the effective methods which suppresses regenerative chatter. However, regenerative chatter can grow even if SSV is applied. In the previous work, the chatter growth characteristics in SSV were clarified. The chatter frequency changes proportionally to the varying spindle speed, and it causes the change of the magnitude of the dynamic compliance. Hence, chatter can be suppressed through SSV since the dynamic compliance usually reduces as the chatter frequency changes. A greater compliance reduction can be obtained by a higher rate of spindle speeds in two consecutive revolutions at the same angular position, i.e., acceleration rate. From the investigations in the previous work, limitation of the conventionally utilized SSV profiles is found as follows: the acceleration rate always fluctuates with speed variation and the chatter vibration grows where the acceleration rate is insufficient for suppression, and hence suppressing chatter in all sections of SSV is difficult. In this paper, a new SSV profile with a constant acceleration rate, namely CAR-SSV, is proposed to overcome the limitation of chatter stability improvement by utilizing conventional SSV profiles. The magnitude of the acceleration rate is kept constant to realize the chatter suppression effect throughout the cutting process. Through time-domain simulation and cutting experiments, the chatter stability of CAR-SSV is investigated based on the previously introduced chatter stability evaluation indices. Influence of the parameters of CAR-SSV on the stability is investigated, and an appropriate strategy for setting SSV parameters to achieve higher stability is discussed. In addition, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed profile, the stabilities of conventional SSV profiles and CAR-SSV are compared through time-domain simulations and cutting experiments.     

Method for early detection of the regenerative instability in turning

Nowadays, approaches in chatter detection and control are based on chatter prediction, by using a machining system dynamic model, or on chatter detection by different techniques, but after chatter onset. They are not efficient because the models are complicated and specific (in the first case) respectively because of chatter unwanted consequences occurrence (in the second case). This paper presents a method for early detection of the process regenerative instability state (as a specific process current dynamical state), based on cutting force monitoring. Using the cutting force records, the process current dynamical state is assessed. Appropriate cutting force signal features are defined, based on signal statistic processing, signal chaotic modeling or signal harmonic analysis, and used on this purpose. The process dynamical state evolution is modeled aiming the features values prediction. Two types of models were used in this purpose: linear and neural. The instability regenerative mechanism is identified by using either dedicated features or input variable selection. The method was conceived and experimentally implemented in the case of turning process. The results show the method reliability and the possibility of using it in developing an intelligent system for stability control.