并行网络文件系统PNFS性能评测与分析

传统的网络文件系统难以满足高性能计算系统的I/O 需求,并行网络文件系统——PNFS可以有效地解决传统网络文件系统在可扩展性、可用性和性能上存在的问题。首先对PNFS的体系结构进行了设计,实现了元数据服务器与存储服务器的分离,消除了由于集中服务器结构引发的I/O瓶颈问题。然后,对PNFS的原型系统进行了性能测试,并与相同环境下NFS的测试结果进行比较与分析,结果表明PNFS能够为客户端提供并行访问文件数据的能力,有着较高的I/O读写带宽和较低的访问延迟,同时实现了客户端I/O带宽与存储服务器规模之间的线性可扩展关系,能较好地满足高性能计算中的I/O需求。     

NFS over Lustre性能评测与分析

传统的网络文件系统难以满足高性能计算系统的I/O 需求，基于对象存储的全局并行文件系统Lustre可以有效地解决传统文件系统在可扩展性、可用性和性能上存在的问题。该文介绍了Lustre文件系统的结构及其优势，对NFS over Lustre 进行了性能测试，并将测试结果与Lustre文件系统、NFS网络文件系统及本地磁盘Ext3文件系统的性能进行了比较分析，给出了性能差异的原因，提出了一种可行的解决方法。     

高性能集群文件系统的研究

从解决高性能计算机I/O瓶颈面临的问题着手,详细分析了并行文件系统(PVFS)的结构、存取机制、管理机制和工作机制,为高 性能集群文件系统的建立提供了一种行之有效的解决方法。     

GlusterFS缓存机制研究

缓存机制在并行文件系统中广泛使用,以提高文件系统的性能。简单介绍GlusterFS文件系统的特点,简叙当前文件系统中的缓存机制研究概况,对GlusterFS缓存机制进行深入研究,并通过实验对GlusterFS理论分析的缓存机制进行验证。通过有缓存和无缓存的实验的对比,证实GlusterFS的缓存机制改进了GlusterFS文件系统的读性能。     

BlueArc推出Scale—Right Storage

高性能网络存储的领先厂商BlueArc近日在美国新奥尔良市举办的“Supercomputing 2010”会上展示了并行网络文件系统（pNFS，即parallel NFS）标准部署的初期版本。BlueArc目前正在开发的pNFS解决方案，建于BlueArc Mercury混合核心架构和Silicon FS文件系统的基础之上，实现容量、吞吐量及适用于高性能计算（HPC）环境的元数据性能的多维可扩展性。     

基于工作站网络的并行文件系统

为平衡输入输出子系统与处理机计算机及网络传输速率，本文提出了一个基于工作站网络环境下的并行文件系统Ｐａｒｆｓｎｏｗ并简要介绍了该系统组成，文件操作等，最后给出了性能评测。     

基于机器学习的并行文件系统性能预测

并行文件系统能有效解决高性能计算系统的海量数据存储和I/O瓶颈问题.由于影响系统性能的因素十分复杂,如何有效地评估系统性能并对性能进行预测成为一个潜在的挑战和热点.以并行文件系统的性能评估和预测作为研究目标,在研究文件系统的架构和性能因子后,设计了一个基于机器学习的并行文件系统预测模型,运用特征选择算法对性能因子数量进行约简,挖掘出系统性能和影响因子之间的特定的关系进行性能预测.通过设计大量实验用例,对特定的Lustre文件系统进行性能评估和预测.评估和实验结果表明:threads/OST、对象存储器(OSS)的数量、磁盘数目和RAID的组织方式是4个调整系统性能最重要因子,预测结果的平均相对误差能控制在25.1%～32.1%之间,具有较好预准确度.     

PVFS客户端目录缓存设计与实现

缓存技术是提高并行文件系统性能的关键性技术。在并行文件系统中实现客户端目录缓存，不仅可以减轻目录服务器的压力，避免目录服务器成为系统瓶颈，而且可以简化客户端操作过程，提高并行文件系统的性能。该文对PVFS并行文件系统进行了分析，建立了客户端目录缓存模型；就客户端目录缓存实现的一些关键性问题，如缓存池开辟位置、一致性等问题进行了研究，给出了解决方法，并在此基础上实现了一个客户端目录缓存的原型系统。测试结果表明，加入缓存后，PVFS系统性能有所提高。     

并行文件系统研究综述

对于运行在机群上的一类I/O密集型应用,I/O成为整个系统的瓶颈,并行文件系统是解决I/O瓶颈问题的重要方法.但如何实现高性价比且高可用的并行文件系统,目前还没有一个成形完整的解决方案.本文阐述了并行文件系统的功能和模型,对现存的并行文件系统从三个不同的角度进行了分类,详细分析了设计并行文件系统的5个关键技术,分析评价了具有代表性的并行文件系统优缺点,最后讨论了进一步的研究工作.     

并行文件系统I/O特征

并行文件系统是并行计算系统的存储子系统,I/O性能是并行计算系统研究的重要方面.本文分析了并行文件系统I/O研究的难点,研究了并行文件系统的I/O特征和关键技术,指出了并行文件系统I/O性能研究未来的研究方向,为并行计算系统的设计和优化提供重要参考.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。