MoSi2/淬火45钢的干摩擦磨损性能

采用M-2型磨损试验机研究了MoSi2/淬火45钢的干摩擦磨损特性，并通过对电子扫描显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪观察了试件的磨损表面形貌，分析了磨屑的成分，探讨了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明，随着载荷的增大，摩擦机理主要表现为微观滑动和粘着效应，低载荷下的磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主，高载荷下的磨损机制主要表现为粘着磨损。     

汽车继电器触点磨损的原因分析

针对汽车继电器触点磨损的现象，分析了继电器触点磨损的原因，如机械磨损、化学磨损、液桥磨损和电弧磨损。     

拉削钛合金时刀具磨损的实验研究

本文首先比较了几种高速钢刀具材料拉削钛合金时刀具磨损情况，又分析了拉削速度，齿升量和拉刀前角等对刀具磨损的影响，并在实验的基础上，建立了后刀面磨损的数学模型。同时用扫描电镜分析探讨了刀具磨损机理，证实其磨损的原因主要是磨料磨损，并略有冷焊磨损。     

装卸机械的磨损形式及对策

在对装卸机械的磨损进行观察和思考的基础上，分析了磨损的2种形式，并针对磨损形式的特征提出了装卸机械磨损的对策和补偿方法，取得了良好的经济效益。     

深井、超深井套管磨损监测方法研究及应用

介绍了井口磨屑分析法和工具接头磨损检测法的理论依据。为了对深井、超深井中的套管磨损行为作出确切的描述，将井口磨屑分析法和工具接头磨损检测法2种方法结合起来应用到钻井现场的套管磨损监测中，结果表明，此方法能相对准确地反应井下套管的磨损状况，可以及时地掌握套管的磨损变化信息，确定套管的磨损机制，从而为钻井现场开展套管磨损状态监测提供了一条切实可行的技术路线。     

滚动与滑动耦合作用下GCr15钢的磨损行为研究

选用GCr15钢在M2000磨损试验机上进行了干摩擦和油润滑的摩擦磨损试验，用表面粗糙度仪测量试件在不同磨损阶段的表面形貌，用称重法测量其磨损量，分析了滚动与滑动耦合作用下GCr15钢的磨损机理。研究表明，在滚动与滑动耦合作用下GCr15钢的磨损以滑动摩擦磨损为主，温度和润滑条件直接决定着GCr15钢的磨损情况。     

GCr15微动磨损转向往复滑动磨损特性的研究

对GCr15金属球和平面试块在300N的法向力作用下作了从微动磨损向往复滑动磨损转变的试验研究，对摩擦磨损过程中的磨损系数、摩擦力变化特性、磨痕的轮廓进行了分析研究。结果表明，在微动磨同往复滑动磨损转变前后，除磨损系数出现突变外，摩擦系数和磨痕的轮廓形貌也发生了比较大的变化，磨损转变过渡区的范围为70－100μm。     

液压滑阀全寿命周期冲蚀磨损量特性分析

满足油液清洁度要求的液压油中仍存在固体颗粒物，这些固体颗粒在油液带动下会撞击滑阀空间流道，使滑阀产生冲蚀磨损，导致其性能退化。针对上述问题，结合计算流体力学与冲蚀理论，进行了滑阀磨损过程的数值模拟，得到滑阀全寿命周期磨损规律：滑阀的进出口压差增大，使颗粒的撞击速度和颗粒流量增大，加剧了滑阀磨损；阀口开度增大，节流口处从层流转变至湍流，同时也增大了颗粒流量，使滑阀磨损程度增大，且在不同阀口开度下，滑阀的磨损区域不同；同一节流口处，不同的油液流向，节流边两侧的磨损程度不同；节流磨损轮廓表明，阀芯的径向磨损和阀套的轴向磨损会导致滑阀控制性能下降，且阀芯的磨损较阀套更严重。     

雨水环境下碳陶复合材料的载流摩擦磨损性能

采用销-盘摩擦磨损试验机对制动闸片用碳陶复合材料开展了雨水环境下的载流摩擦磨损试验，研究了不同摩擦条件下碳陶复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：在无载流的雨水环境中，随着雨水流量由0增大到1 mL·min^-1,碳陶复合材料的表面粗糙度显著下降，摩擦因数和磨损率小幅度降低，磨损机理主要为剥落和轻微的氧化磨损；在无雨水的载流条件下，随着电流强度由0增加到100 A,表面粗糙度和摩擦因数均显著下降，磨损率明显升高，主要磨损机理为剥落、磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和电弧烧蚀；相对于单因素作用，在载流和雨水的共同作用下，表面粗糙度和摩擦因数明显降低，但磨损率随着雨水流量或电流强度增加的规律不明显，磨损机理为剥落、氧化磨损、磨粒磨损和黏着磨损。     

Ekonol/石墨/MoS2填料对PTFE力学和摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了Ekonol含量对Ekonol／石墨／MoS2／P，PTFE复合材料的力学性能、摩擦磨损性能的影响，以及滑动速度、载荷对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响；用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料磨损后的表面形貌，并探讨了其磨损机制。结果表明：加入填料降低了材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度，但提高了弯曲模量和硬度；同时填料能提高材料的磨损性能，但使摩擦因数升高了；当Ekonol含量较低时，磨损机制为粘着磨损，随着填料含量的增加，Ekonol分散到基体中，起到了承载作用，阻止了PTFE基体的带状破坏，磨损机制为疲劳磨损和轻微的粘着磨损；摩擦因数随载荷的增大而减小，随滑动速度的增大而增大，在相同的滑动时间内，磨痕宽度随载荷和滑动速度的增大而增大。     

HIP-Si3N4陶瓷/45#钢副干摩擦和水润滑下摩擦学性能

利用MPX-2000型盘销式摩擦磨损试验机考察了HIP—Si3N4陶瓷／45^#钢副在干摩擦和水润滑下的摩擦磨损性能；用扫描电子显微镜观察了试件表面的磨损状态；采用X射线电子能谱仪分析了摩擦表面的化学成分：结果表明：干摩擦条件下，HIP—Si3N4陶瓷的磨损速率比45^#钢小，45^#钢发生粘着磨损，HIP—Si3N4陶瓷发生了脆性断裂和脱落；水润滑条件下，摩擦表面产生了Si(OH)4反应膜，降低了磨损，主要是化学腐蚀磨损。     

13Cr-24Mn-0.44N奥氏体不锈钢在体液中腐蚀磨损特性研究

采用改进后的摩擦磨损试验机考察了13Cr－24Mn-0．44N不锈钢在模拟体液和水介质润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能，研究了载荷大小和磨损时间对摩擦因数和磨损量的影响，用扫描电镜观察了磨痕的表面形貌。结果表明：13Cr．24Mn-0．44N不锈钢在体液润滑条件下具有良好的抗腐蚀磨损能力，单位时间的磨损量仅为水润滑条件下的25％左右，摩擦因数下降了近30％。     

Friction and Wear Behavior of CF/PTFE Composites Lubricated by Choline Chloride Ionic Liquids

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as lubricants has received increasing attention in recent years. The use of ILs, however, is limited by the corrosion problem and their potential toxic property. Here we present the results of our initial study on the tribological properties of carbon fiber (CF)-filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites, which have an excellent chemical resistance property, lubricated by choline chloride ILs. The difference between choline chloride ILs and water and hydraulic oil as lubricants was studied at the same time, as was the effect of the anion on the lubricating property of choline chloride ILs. The worn surface and transfer film of CF/PTFE composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Our results indicate that the lubricating property of choline chloride ILs is much better than that of water and hydraulic oil. The friction coefficient and wear rate of CF/PTFE composites lubricated with ILs were approximately 60 and 50 % lower than those under the dry friction condition. Among the three kinds of ILs tested, the best tribological properties of the CF/PTFE composites were found for those sliding in the mixture of 1,2-propanediol and choline chloride. The worn surface and transfer film of CF/PTFE composites were also much smoother than those under the dry friction, water lubrication, and hydraulic oil lubrication conditions.     

聚四氟乙烯纤维基层压材料的摩擦学行为研究

以无碱玻璃纤维布作为基材,以浸渍有聚四氟乙烯的棉纤维布为表层,以环氧树脂为黏合剂,经热压制备聚四氟乙烯纤维基层压材料;采用 MRH-03型高速环－块摩擦磨损试验机研究其在空气、纯水、海水介质中的摩擦学行为,利用扫描电镜观察并分析磨损表面的形貌及摩擦形式。结果表明,与基底材料相比,增加聚四氟乙烯棉纤维布后,材料的摩擦性能有明显的改善;加入水作为润滑介质后,由于水膜边界润滑的作用,特别是由于海水作为润滑介质时摩擦产生的淤泥状的 Mg （OH）2和 CaCO3的自润滑作用,摩擦因数和磨损率进一步减小。     

Effect of rubber on tribological behaviors of polyamide 66 under dry and water lubricated sliding

The friction and wear behaviors of polyamide 66 (PA 66) and rubber-filled PA 66 (PA 66/SEBS-g-MA) composites were investigated on a block-on-wheel model friction and wear tester under dry sliding and water lubricating conditions. In order to further understand the wear mechanisms, the worn surfaces and scraps of samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The experimental results indicated that the wear mass loss and the friction coefficient of PA 66 decreased with the addition of rubber particles. The friction coefficients of PA 66 and PA 66/SEBS-g-MA composites under water lubricating condition are lower than those under dry sliding condition, but the wear mass losses are higher than those under dry sliding condition. The main wear mechanisms under dry sliding condition are the plastic deformation and mechanical microploughing. Whereas the main wear mechanisms under water lubricating condition are the mechanical microploughing and abrasive wear.     

Effect of UHMWPE Microparticles on the Tribological Performances of High-Strength Glass Fabric/Phenolic Laminate Composites Under Water Lubrication

The tribological behaviors of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) microparticle-modified high-strength glass fabric/phenolic laminate composites sliding against stainless steel under water lubrication have been investigated. Results showed that the incorporation of UHMWPE microparticles, especially at the mass fraction of 5.0 %, improved the wear resistance of the laminate composite to a significant extent, because UHMWPE microparticle can effectively absorb and dissipate the friction energy through a plastic deformation during the formation of the regular ripple-like abrasion patterns on its worn surface. During the sliding process, after the phenolic resin was firstly worn off, UHMWPE microparticles with much better wear resistance were protruded from the worn surface of the laminate composite, leading to a fundamental change in the contact status of the matched surfaces from rigid resin and fibers/steel to flexible UHMWPE/steel. As a result, low and steady friction coefficient was obtained due to good adaptability of UHMWPE to water lubrication.     

Tribological properties of Ni3Al-Cr7C3 composite coating under water lubrication

The tribological properties of Ni₃Al-Cr₇C₃ composite coating under water lubrication were examined by using a ball-on-disc reciprocating tribotester. The effects of load and sliding speed on wear rate of the coating were investigated. The worn surface of the coating was analyzed using electron probe microscopy analysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show the friction coefficient of the coating is decreased under water lubrication. The wear rate of the coating linearly increases with the load. At high sliding speed, the wear rate of the coating is dramatically increased and a large amount of the counterpart material is transferred to the coating worn surface. The low friction of the coating under water lubrication is due to the oxidizing of the worn surface in the wear. The wear mechanism of the coating is plastic deformation at low normal load and sliding speed. However, the wear mechanism transforms to microfracture and microploughing at high load with low sliding speed, and oxidation wear at high sliding speed. It is concluded that the contribution of the sliding speed to an increase in the coating wear is larger than that of the normal load.     

硅酸盐粉体作为润滑油添加剂在金属磨损表面成膜机制

在润滑油中添加蛇纹石硅酸盐粉体,采用MM-200摩擦磨损试验机研究了45#钢-45#钢摩擦副磨损表面的自修复陶瓷膜层形成机制,借助SEM及EDAX测试分析自修复陶瓷膜层的表面形貌及表面成分组成。结果表明摩擦能量对硅酸盐添加剂在磨损表面形成自修复膜层有很大的影响:自修复膜层为氧化物陶瓷材料,主要成分来自于硅酸盐添加剂。在低载荷300 N时,摩擦因数减小,硅酸盐添加剂不能转移到磨损表面,不能形成自修复膜层,仅仅起到减磨作用。下试样的失重随磨损时间增加而增加;在试验时间为20 h时,试样失重达到最大值,随后试样的失重反而减小。在载荷为600 N、900 N,试验时间30 h摩擦磨损后,在金属表面形成自修复保护膜,磨损表面比较平整光滑,无明显的片层剥落和犁沟,摩擦发生在自修复陶瓷材料之间,摩擦因数增加。硅酸盐添加剂在机械剪切作用下变形,在金属的磨损表面上铺展,并且在摩擦磨损过程中不断向摩擦表面转移,形成了均匀光滑的自修复膜层。自修复膜层隔离了金属摩擦表面的直接接触,摩擦磨损发生在自修复膜层之间,有效地降低了金属的磨损。     

水溶性噻二唑衍生物的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

合成一种新型水溶性噻二唑衍生物,采用红外光谱仪对其结构进行表征,采用SRV摩擦磨损试验机考察其在三乙醇胺水溶液中的摩擦学性能,采用表面轮廓仪及扫描电子显微镜观察磨斑表面形貌。SRV摩擦实验结果表明,该添加剂能显著改善三乙醇胺基础液的抗磨减摩性能,并能有效避免疲劳磨损;XPS结果显示,添加剂通过与摩擦副表面的摩擦反应生成FeS及Fe2O3等反应膜,起到极压抗磨的效果;同时该添加剂还具有很好的抑制铜片腐蚀的性能,是一种环境友好的多功能润滑添加剂。     

噻二唑二聚体衍生物在微动磨损条件下的摩擦学性能

合成一种噻二唑二聚体衍生物,用红外光谱仪对其结构进行分析,采用SRV微动摩擦磨损试验机考察其水溶液对钢-钢摩擦副的摩擦学性能,并用表面轮廓仪及扫描电子显微镜观察磨斑表面形貌。结果表明:添加剂在水中具有较好的承载能力,并在一定程度上改善了蒸馏水的抗磨减摩性能。