共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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对不同溶胀时间、不同溶剂、矿物质、预处理和金属无机盐等实验条件下鑫源低阶烟煤的溶胀行为和溶胀动力学进行了研究.结果表明,随着时间的延长,溶胀率逐渐增大,48 h溶胀基本达到平衡,溶胀特征是典型的slow-climbing-type溶胀;煤在混合溶剂中的溶胀率大于单一溶剂中的溶胀率,在极性溶剂中的溶胀率大于非极性溶剂中的溶胀率;脱除矿质元素后,煤溶胀率增大;溶胀、酸洗和碱洗使煤溶胀率增大,烘干使煤溶胀率减小;溶胀动力学表明,该煤的溶胀行为符合一级反应动力学方程,在THN和吡啶溶剂中的表观活化能均小于20 kJ/mol,这与煤中范德华力的破坏相对应,溶胀机制是由Case-Ⅱ扩散控制的. 相似文献
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为了考察溶胀作用对液化油煤浆黏度变化的影响作用,参照煤直接液化工艺条件,在四氢萘(THN)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、液化起始溶剂(STA)和液化循环溶剂(REC)等不同有机溶剂中对胜利煤进行了溶胀行为研究。采用扫描电镜、孔隙比表面积分析仪、红外光谱仪等手段,研究了不同条件下胜利溶胀煤的表面性质变化。结果表明,胜利煤在极性溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的溶胀度要大于在非极性溶剂四氢萘、起始溶剂和循环溶剂中的溶胀度;随着温度的升高,胜利煤的溶胀速率增大。溶胀后的胜利煤呈松散的云状结构,煤的形貌发生了一定程度变化;溶胀煤的孔径增大,比表面积减小。 相似文献
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以煤溶胀机理、溶胀动力学等为基础,综述了溶剂性质、煤阶、氧化、温度、预处理、溶胀时间、水分、煤粉粒度等对煤溶胀的影响。结果发现:溶剂的供电子数目(EDN)、溶剂碱性、溶剂类型对煤的溶胀有不同的影响。煤阶对煤的溶胀影响较大,表现在随着C的增多,溶胀度也在增大,但当C含量大于85%时,溶胀度急剧降低。氧化煤易于溶胀。升高温度和预处理均有利于煤的溶胀。煤粉粒度越小溶胀度越好。脱除煤中的矿物质后有利于提高煤的溶胀度,但增加幅度不大。最后详细介绍了煤溶胀技术在研究煤分子结构、煤热解、煤液化方面的应用。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(10):2761-2765
采用湿法纺丝合成沙柳木粉/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶(SPS)。研究了溶胀时间、温度、pH、离子强度对SPS溶胀的影响以及水凝胶的溶胀动力学和吸附Hg(2+)吸附动力学。采用SEM、FTIR、TG对SPS结构进行表征。结果表明,SPS形成了多孔网络结构,具有较好的热稳定性。pH为5,溶胀时间20 min时,溶胀度达到8.4 g/g。当溶胀温度为75℃,离子强度为0.02 mol/L时,溶胀度最大分别为21.8,12.5 g/g。SPS溶胀的初始阶段与Fickian扩散拟合较好;对整个阶段拟合,符合Schott模型。对Hg(2+)吸附动力学。采用SEM、FTIR、TG对SPS结构进行表征。结果表明,SPS形成了多孔网络结构,具有较好的热稳定性。pH为5,溶胀时间20 min时,溶胀度达到8.4 g/g。当溶胀温度为75℃,离子强度为0.02 mol/L时,溶胀度最大分别为21.8,12.5 g/g。SPS溶胀的初始阶段与Fickian扩散拟合较好;对整个阶段拟合,符合Schott模型。对Hg(2+)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型,吸附容量为425.9 mg/g。 相似文献
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溶剂与溶胀促进剂对神华煤溶胀行为的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用体积法研究了甲苯、四氢萘、甲醇、二甲亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和乙醇胺(MEA)5种纯溶剂及1∶1的MEA-DMF混合溶剂对神华烟煤的溶胀行为,考察了Fe(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3和FeSO4添加量为0.5%(以铁占煤质量计)作为溶胀促进剂的性能。结果表明:MEA-DMF混合溶剂的溶胀效果优于5种单一溶剂。铁盐Fe(NO3)3明显促进煤溶胀,在80℃,24h和剂煤比5∶1条件下MEA-DMF混合溶剂与Fe(NO3)3协同可使溶胀率超过3.0。对溶胀处理后的神华煤FT-IR表明DMF、DMF-MEA溶胀处理以及与Fe(NO3)3协同溶胀处理后明显削弱了煤羟基氢键间的缔合作用,其中,经DMF-MEA与Fe(NO3)3协同溶胀处理的这一变化最为明显。 相似文献
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ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l/3为氧气,2/3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中:A一混… 相似文献
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P. P. Budnikoff 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1924,7(11):817-820
The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO3 and determination of CaO by KMnO4 titration, the SO3 by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO4 has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time. 相似文献
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A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases. 相似文献
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A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.
Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology. 相似文献
Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology. 相似文献
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ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log10 viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log10 viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na2O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO2, 2Na2O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al2O3 for Na2O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log10η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature Ta. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log10η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A12O3) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al2O3) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log10η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al2O3. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log10η due to substitution of an oxide for Na2O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na2O-CaO-SiO2. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO2, 2Na2O) due to of Substitution of B2O3 for SiO2 The change of log10η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log10η per per cent B2O3. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na2O. 相似文献
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面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。 相似文献