基于遗传算法优化的汽车巡航模糊控制策略

研究汽车巡航控制系统中采用模糊控制.模糊控制中的隶属函数和模糊推理规则的选取专家或者技术人员的经验,但人工经验具有随机性和主观性,使得其控制性能往往达不到理想的效果.针对上述问题,采用一种基于遗传算法的模糊控制策略,利用遗传算法并对隶属函数和模糊推理规则进行优化,从而使隶属函数和模糊推理规则的确定摆脱了人为经验的局限,提高了模糊控制的自适应能力.实验结果表明优化后的控制器可以使汽车巡航系统取得较满意的效果.     

集装箱吊车的模糊控制及仿真

本文对集装箱吊车进行模糊控制，给出了有效的控制策略，并利用PopFuzzy日立单片机模糊控制开发平台．对吊车模型施以模糊控制，进行模拟运行及仿真，控制其位置和货载摆角，取得了比较满意的控制效果。     

一种基于三段规则的模糊温度控制器

采用了一种三段规则的模糊控制策略,对真空烧结炉的温度进行控制。经仿真实验证明：各项指标均优于一般的模糊控制方式,取得了令人满意的控制效果。     

基于模糊理论的中央空调水自动控制系统设计

由于中央空调水系统非线性、大滞后的特点,目前楼宇自控和通用变频器控制方法的节能效果不显著,提出了模糊控制方法,通过负荷预测模糊控制的冷冻水控制和自适应模糊算法的冷却水控制,实现了冷水机组制冷量的供给与末端负荷需求大小相匹配、冷却水系统处于最大效率运行,取得了最大的节能效益。最后完成了冷冻站中央空调水系统的控制设计,并以实际工程测试结果分析了中央空调模糊控制取得节能效果。     

循环流化床主汽温系统的模糊自适应控制

研究了循环流化床主汽温控制特性,然后基于自适应控制和模糊控制对传统Smith预估控制进行了改进,最后将改进的Smith预估控制算法应用于循环流化床主汽温控制,通过仿真表明,提出的控制算法能取得好的控制效果.     

晶体生长过程的多路计算机模糊控制

针对人工晶体生长过程的特点,提出了基于模糊控制原理的计算机控制和参数自校正方法,并在晶体生长车间投入试用,取得了较好的控制效果.     

基于模糊控制的锡炉温度控制系统的设计

针对传统温度控制系统建模困难,控制性能差的缺点,本文介绍了一种以STC89C52单片机为核心,采用模糊控制算法的温度控制系统,并对模糊控制思想及系统的软、硬件设计进行了详细阐述。实践表明,模糊控制方法提高了控制的实时性、稳定性和精确度,并且实现了操作过程的简化。目前,该系统处于实际工业炉温控制的应用和试行阶段,取得了良好的效果。     

PID和Fuzzy控制相结合的分段复合控制

采用常规PID控制很难实现对大滞后、非线性等难以建立精确数学模型的被控对象的良好控制.为了解决这一难题,该文针对一个非线性二阶系统设计出PID和模糊控制相结合的分段复合控制器,该控制器不需要被控对象的精确数学模型.由于在整个控制过程中的不同阶段采用不同的控制方式,既继承了常规PID控制无静差、静态稳定性好的特点,同时又兼有模糊控制适应能力强、动态性能好的优势.通过MATLAB仿真实验表明,该分段复合控制器能够满足二阶非线性被控对象的控制要求,并取得了良好的控制效果.     

参数自整定模糊PID控制在烘干炉中的应用

将参数自整定模糊控制与传统PID控制相结合.实现了对PID参数的在线自整定,克服控制系统的大滞后、非线性等不利因素的影响.该控制器在烘干炉温度控制系统中,取得了良好的控制效果.     

基于LabVIEW的机械密封模糊控制系统软件设计

为了延缓机械密封失效,使机械密封工作在最佳工况,必须对机械密封进行可控性研究,目前大部分模糊控制类论文仅仅停留在论述模糊控制器的设计原理及流程上,基于机械密封泄漏量的模糊控制完整地阐述了模糊控制软件的设计方法及过程;模糊控制系统软件借助高效率的LabVIEW开发平台、基于模糊控制理论、使用查询表方式进行设计;使用LabVIEW中的DAQ-mx函数,省却了控制执行机构的采集和控制的底层开发,极大提高了开发效率;将开发的软件应用于可控机械密封试验装置,试验表明,对泄漏量的控制取得了令人满意的效果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.