Report of the… .

Asummary of a report containing "information about subdoctoral training programs,… questions the committee deemed relevant and important,… and appropriate recommendations." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of Scandium on Corrosion Resistance of Welded Joint of Al-6Mg-Zr Alloy

Al Mgalloyshavebeenwidelyusedinmanyin dustries,especiallyinmarineandaircraftapplica tions,duetotheirgoodweldability,ductilityandex cellentcorrosionresistance.Beingthenon heattreat ablealloys,thesematerialsderivetheirstrengthpri marilyfromsolidsolutio…     

Effect of Lanthanum on Driving Force for Cu6Sn5 Growth and Improvement of Solder Joint Reliability

By means of adding low content of rare earth element La into Sn6(bPb40 solder alloy, the growth of Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound at the interface of solder joint is hindered, and the thermal fatigue life of solder joint is increased by 2 times. The results of thermodynamic calculation based on diffusion kinetics show that, the driving force for Cu6Sn5 growth is lowered by adding small content of La in Sn60-Pb40 solder alloy. Meanwhile, there is aneffective local mole fraction range of La, in which, 0.18% is the limited value and 0.08% is the best value.     

Effect of Bonding Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of WC–Co/Steel Diffusion Brazed Joint

In this work, the diffusion brazing of AISI 4145 steel to WC–Co cemented carbide using RBCuZn-D interlayer with bonding temperature values of 930, 960, 990 and 1020 °C was studied. The microstructure of the joint zone was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Vickers microhardness and shear strength tests were performed to investigate mechanical behaviors of the brazed joints. The XRD and SEM results indicated that with increase of bonding temperature, the elements readily diffused along the interface and formed various compounds such as γ, α and β and Co₃W₃C. The results also showed that with the increase of bonding temperature from 930 to 960 °C, a sound metallurgical bond was produced, however in higher bonding temperatures (990 and 1020 °C) a decrease in mechanical properties of the joints was observed which could be due to the excessive zinc evaporation, interface heterogeneity and voids formation. The maximum shear strength of 425 MPa was obtained for the bond made at 960 °C.     

… and physiological psychology.

Comments on the importance of studying many species in physiological psychology (PHP), if it is to be devoted to an understanding of how behavior is related to biological structures and processes in all organisms, in response to G. Gottlieb's (see record 1976-21254-001) claim that a one-species (PHP) is adequate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Concreteness of relational effects on recall of adjective–noun pairs.

Studied the effects of concreteness and relatedness of adjective–noun pairs on free recall, cued recall, and memory integration. The authors report on 2 experiments in which Ss read phrases or sentences containing adjective–noun pairs that vary in rated concreteness and intrapair relatedness. In Exp 1 normative ratings on imagery and relatedness were provided by 23 graduate and 20 undergraduate students. 64 undergraduates participated in the memory experiment. Exp 2 extended Exp 1 by using complete sentences rather than adjective–noun word pairs. 72 undergraduates volunteered to participate in the memory experiment and a separate group of 14 volunteered to participate in a sentence rating task. Consistent with predictions from dual coding theory and prior results with noun–noun pairs, both experiments showed that the effects of concreteness were strong and independent of relatedness in free recall and cued recall. The 2 attributes also had independent (additive) effects on integrative memory as measured by conditionalized free recall of pairs. Integration as measured by the increment from free to cued recall occurred consistently only when pairs were high in both concreteness and relatedness. Relatedness, adjective imagery, and noun imagery ratings, along with word frequencies for adjectives and nouns, and sentences with relatedness ratings are appended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Self-esteem and "if…then" contingencies of interpersonal acceptance.

The degree to which an individual perceives interpersonal acceptance as being contingent on successes and failures, versus being relatively unconditional, is an important factor in the social construction of self-esteem. The authors used a lexical-decision task to examine people's "if…then" expectancies. On each trial, participants were shown a success or failure context word and then they made word-nonword judgments on a second letter string, which sometimes was a target word relating to interpersonal outcomes. For low-self-esteem participants, success and failure contexts facilitated the processing of acceptance and rejection target words, respectively, revealing associations between performance and social outcomes. Study 2 ruled out a simple valence-congruency explanation. Study 3 demonstrated that the reaction-time pattern was stronger for people who had recently been primed with a highly contingent relationship, as opposed to one based more on unconditional acceptance. These results contribute to a social-cognitive formulation of the role of relational schemas in the social construction of self-esteem. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Influences of APOE ε4 and expertise on performance of older pilots.

Little is known about how APOE ε4-related differences in cognitive performance translate to real-life performance, where training and experience may help to sustain performance. We investigated the influences of APOE ε4 status, expertise (FAA pilot proficiency ratings), and their interaction on longitudinal flight simulator performance. Over a 2-year period, 139 pilots aged 42–69 years were tested annually. APOE ε4 carriers had lower memory performance than noncarriers (p = .019). APOE interacted with Expertise (p = .036), such that the beneficial influence of expertise (p = .013) on longitudinal flight simulator performance was more pronounced for ε4 carriers. Results suggest that relevant training and activity may help sustain middle-aged and older adults' real-world performance, especially among APOE ε4 carriers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)