Isothermal nanocrystallisation behaviour of melt spun Al86Ni9 Mm5 (Mmmischmetal)amorphous alloy

Abstract

The structure and mechanical properties of melt spun Al₈₆Ni₉Mm₅ alloy ribbons in both as solidified amorphous and heat treated nanocomposite conditions were investigated using DSC, XRD, TEM, and Vickers microhardness techniques. Primary crystallisation of the amorphous alloy resulted in the formation of fine nanocrystalline fcc-Al particles embedded in an amorphous matrix forming a nanocomposite. The growth behaviour of the primary fcc-Al particles under isothermal conditions was investigated. The hardness ofthe composite varied with the solute content in the amorphous phase and the microstructure after heat treatment. The hardening in these nanocomposites was quantitatively explained using a rule of mixtures model based on the volume fraction of the amorphous matrix and the Al particles. The nanometre sized particles were treated as perfect materials and the matrix was treated as an amorphousmaterial, in which the solute concentration increased as the volume fraction of the Al particles increased. The calculated results for the heat treated specimens using the rule of mixtures based on the isostress model have been found to be in good agreement with the experimentally obtained results.     

La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的储氢性能研究

针对两种新型稀土型储氢合金La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2的储氢特性进行研究分析。实验表明,相同温度下,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Mn0.1Al0.1和La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的PCT曲线基本重合,且都具有优良的吸氢动力学性能;相比之下,后者的滞后系数要小于前者,吸氢量较大,吸氢速率也较快,故其储氢性能较优。300次吸放氢循环实验结果表明,La0.5Y0.5Ni4.8Al0.2合金的吸氢动力学性能虽然略有下降,但抗粉化性能较好。     

Microstructure,Properties and Wear Behaviors of (Ni_3Al)_p Reinforced Cu Matrix Composites

Pure copper and its composites reinforced with Ni 3 Al particles were produced by powder metallurgy(PM).Ni 3 Al powders were produced by mechanical ball milling from vacuum arc melted compounds.The Ni 3 Al powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The microscopy examinations revealed that the Ni 3 Al particles were distributed uniformly in the matrix.The effects of the particle fraction on the density,electrical conductivity,strength and dry sliding wear resistance of composite were investigated.It was found that the density and electrical conductivity of the composites decrease while the compression yield strength and wear resistance of composites increase with an increase in the particle fraction.The dry sliding wear tests were performed with pin-on-disk geometry.After sliding wear tests,the worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDS).Results have shown that the wear mechanism is oxidative and adhesive.     

Al_(72)Ni_(12)Co_(16)/A365准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

制备了增强相体积分数为5%~20%的系列Al72Ni12Co16P/A356准晶增强铝基复合材料。其中增强相Al72Ni12Co16通过将严格按化学成分配比的Al72Ni12Co16浇于水冷铜基板上激冷凝固而获得。TEM和XRD分析结果表明所获得的材料为单相准晶材料。准晶增强铝基复合材料经热挤压处理后,绝大部分的铸造缺陷被消除,力学性能测试显示当准晶相的加入量为20%时,铝基复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度、弹性模量等性能分别从基体材料的275 MPa、200 MPa和70 GPa提高至410 MPa、350 MPa和102 GPa,而延伸率却从6%降低至3%。分析了准晶增强铝基复合材料的断裂机制和增强机制,准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的断裂机制可能有如下3种:界面及其附近区域脱粘、基体在集中的滑移带内撕裂和颗粒断裂,而其增强机制主要是细晶强化、弥散强化和固溶强化。     

Al-based nanocrystalline composites by rapid solidification of Al-Ni-Sm alloys

Nanophase composites (Al-based materials with α-Al particles dispersed in an amorphous matrix) can be produced by melt spinning and annealing Al₈₈Ni_{12 − x}Sm_x (x = 2 to 10 at%) master alloys. The structures and the thermal stability of the ribbons obtained, asquenched and after annealing, are characterised by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical properties of these composites, including hardness and abrasive wear resistance, are measured as a function of the volume fraction of α-Al nanocrystals in the amorphous matrix. The properties of these nanophase composites are compared with other industrial alloys in the aluminium family and show an exceptional hardness and wear resistance.     

SiC晶须增韧Al_2O_3及ZrO_2（Y_2O_3）基陶瓷复合材料的抗热震行

采用三点弯曲及扫描电镜等方法研究了ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＣｗ／ＺｒＯ３（Ｙ２Ｏ３）及ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷复合材料的抗热震性．结果表现ＳｉＣｗ的加入使Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）基体的抗热震性显著提高，Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷基复合材料的抗热震性明显优于ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷基复复合材料．同时发现在Ａｌ２Ｏ３十ＳｉＣｗ材料基础上再加入少量ＺｒＯ２（２Ｙ）颗粒（１０Ｖｏ１％），也可进一步提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＳｉＣｗ材料的抗热震性．     

Structure and mechanical strength of Al-V-Fe melt-spun ribbons containing high volume fraction of nanoscale amorphous particles

A new nonequilibrium structure consisting of nanoscale amorphous particles surrounded by fcc-Al phase was found to form in an Al₉₄V₄Fe₂ alloy rapidly solidified at the condition of circumferential velocity of 40 m/s and ejection temperature of molten alloy between 1273 and 1423 K. Deviations of the alloy component and solidification condition cause the formation of the nanoscale mixed structure of Al+icosahedral(I) phases or Al+I+amorphous phases. The sizes of the amorphous and Al phase regions are about 10 and 7 nm, respectively, and the volume fraction of the amorphous phase region is about 60%. The formation of the nanoscale amorphous particles in coexistence with Al phase is presumably due to the suppression of the transition from super-cooled liquid to I-phase resulting from the retardation of the diffusivity of the solute elements. The tensile strength is as high as 1400 MPa for the mixed amorphous+Al phases and decreases significantly by the transition to I+Al phases. The first success in fabricating a nano-amorphous structure is particularly important for the subsequent development of nanophase materials.     

电场激活燃烧合成( TiB2)PNi/Ni3Al/ Ni功能梯度材料

采用电场激活压力辅助合成技术(FAPAS)制备了(TiB₂)_PNi/(TiB₂)_PNi₃Al/Ni₃Al/Ni梯度材料,主要研究电场激活燃烧合成过程中电场对材料合成及层界面扩散连接的作用。分析了梯度材料各层的界面微观组织及相组成和材料的硬度分布。结果表明,采用FAPAS 技术结合机械合金化工艺制备的(TiB₂)_PNi/(TiB₂)_PNi₃Al/Ni₃Al/Ni 功能梯度材料具有快速、简便和组织均匀密实的特点。梯度材料的陶瓷复合层、Ni₃Al层和Ni板的界面区产生成分的互扩散,形成了良好的冶金结合。从Ni板到陶瓷复合层的硬度呈梯度分布。     

An SANS Study of Decomposition Kinetics in Amorphous Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Zr_(41)Ti_(14)Be_(22.5)

Phase decomposition in amorphous Cu12.5Ni10Zr411Ti14Be22.5 alloy as annealed in the super-cooled liquid range was studied by applying small angle neutron scattering (SANS). As annealed between 600 K and 700 K, the alloy was observed to decompose into two new amorphous phases,with the second phase precipitates embedded in the matrix of the first. Long time annealing of the alloy results in crystallization in addition to evolution of the decomposed microstructure.The kinetic diagram of the decomposition and crystallization for this alloy is given. The second phase precipitates have several nanometers in size and occupy a quite low volume fraction. The decomposition of the supercooled liquid in overall temperature range exhibits the features of spinodal reaction.     

Effect of Rare Earth and Transition Metal Elements on the Glass Forming Ability of Mechanical Alloyed Al–TM–RE Based Amorphous Alloys

The present work aims to compare the amorphous phase forming ability of ternary and quaternary Al based alloys(Al86Ni8Y6, Al86Ni6Y6Co2, Al86Ni8La6 and Al86Ni8Y4.5La1.5) synthesized via mechanical alloying by varying the composition, i.e. fully or partially replacing rare earth(RE) and transition metal(TM) elements based on similar atomic radii and coordination number. X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy study revealed that the amorphization process occurred through formation of various intermetallic phases and nanocrystalline FCC Al. Fully amorphous phase was obtained for the alloys not containing lanthanum, whereas the other alloys containing La showed partial amorphization with reappearance of intermetallic phases attributed to mechanical crystallization. Differential scanning calorimetry study confirmed better thermal stability with wider transformation temperature for the alloys without La.     

TiC／Ni3Al系梯度材料的残余应力与工作应力计算及结构优化

测定了TiC／Ni3Al复合材料的物性参数．对TiC／Ni3Al系梯度材料在制备过程中产生的残余应力以及在隔热使用时产生的工作应力，进行了热弹性假设下的有限元模拟在综合考虑热应力最小、应力强度比值最小以及纯TiC侧应力状态的基础上，完成了FGM的热应力缓和设计与结构优化结果表明，按线性组成分布设计是体系的最佳设计．     

Microstructure of the Ductile Phase in Intermetallic Compound Ni_(50)Al_(20)Fe_(30)

The microstructure of the single hot extruded and annealed Ni50Al20Fe30Y0.003 intermetallic compound alloys has been examined by means of high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). In these extruded and annealed alloys. the ductile phase is of a mixture of the disordered fcc γ matrix and or dered γ' precipitates. This fact well interprets the reason why the degree of annealing treatment can influence the strength and ductility of these alloys. The HREM observation revealed directly that there was some strain concentration at γ'-γ interfaces, due to the presence of more iron atoms in these two phases. The fixed orientation relationship between the γ phase and γ' precipitates was identified to be {001}γ{00 }γ' and <100 >γ < 100 > γ'     

Formation of Al2Cu and AlCu intermetallics in Al(Cu) alloy matrix composites by reaction sintering

We report the fabrication and characterization of a series of Al(Cu) alloy-based matrix composites. The composites were produced by sintering and rapid quenching three powder mixtures of Al and Cu with hypoeutectic, eutectic, and hypereutectic compositions. The morphology of the reinforcements formed in the Al(Cu) matrices of these composites was found to be variable. A two-phase Al₂Cu–Al(Cu) nanoeutectic, with lamellar spacing of 200–300 nm, was found in the Al(Cu) matrix of the sample having hypoeutectic composition after it was oil-quenched from 1000 °C to room temperature. While oil quenching the sample with eutectic composition, produced single Al₂Cu crystals of 2–2.5 μm size, embedded in a lamellar nanoeutectic matrix. As for the hypereutectic alloy, the matrix of the oil-quenched sample consisted mainly of Al₂Cu intermetallic, and a secondary phase of AlCu dendrites with dendrite arms spacing of 1–1.5 μm.     

超重力下燃烧合成ZrO2(4Y)/Al2O3的成分、显微组织与力学性能

采用超重力下燃烧合成技术,通过调整ZrO₂体积分数,制备出不同成分与显微组织形态的ZrO₂(4Y)/Al₂O₃复合陶瓷,研究了材料成分、显微组织与力学性能之间的关系。XRD、SEM和EDS结果表明：当ZrO₂体积分数低于37%,陶瓷熔体生成为生长取向各异且以ZrO₂四方相亚微米纤维镶嵌于α-Al₂O₃上的棒状共晶团为基体的复合陶瓷;当ZrO₂体积分数高于40%,复合陶瓷基体则生长为略呈球形的ZrO₂四方相微米晶粒。性能测试结果显示,随着ZrO₂体积分数增加 , 陶瓷相对密度逐渐降低,陶瓷硬度与断裂韧性均在ZrO₂体积分数为33%时出现最高值,而陶瓷弯曲强度则在ZrO₂体积分数为29%达到最大值。     

快速凝固Cu70.5Al26.8Ni2.7带状合金及其形状记忆特性

通过快速凝固制备了Ｃｕ７０．５Ａｌ２６．８Ｎｉ２．８带状合金,并对其微观结构,力学特性和形状记忆性能进行了测试与分析,结果表明：快速凝固Ｃｕ７０．５Ａｌ２６．８Ｎｉ２．７合金,不仅具有较高的相变温度和形状记忆效果,而且具有较高的强度与较好的韧性。     

Microstructure and property characterization of Al-based composites reinforced with CuZrAl particles fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

In the present work, CuZrAl metallic glass particles were synthesized by mechanical alloying method. High relative density Al-based composites (ABCs) reinforced with different volume fraction of CuZrAl particles have been fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in seawater solution of the ABCs were investigated. The sintered products are all composed of fcc-Al, Al₃Zr and CuAl₂ phases. For CuZrAl addition, bright and network precipitates are clearly observed in the Al matrix. On account of the interdiffusion of Al and Cu atoms between matrix and reinforcement, the ABCs present the good interfacial bonding. Compared with SPS-ed pure Al bulk, ABCs possess the excellent mechanical properties. It is mainly ascribed to the second phase strengthening, continuously distributed precipitates, high relative density or bonding interface, and grain refinement strengthening. Thereinto, combined with a degree of plastic strain, the composite with 20?vol% CuZrAl reinforcement reveals the best micro-hardness (290?HV), and the highest yield strength and fracture strength of 408 and 459?MPa, respectively. Moreover, the ABCs bear the better pitting resistance with wide passive region in seawater solution.     

熔体快淬Al_(80-x)Si_(20)Mn_x锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能

采用熔体快淬法制备了化学组成为Al80-xSi20Mnx(x=0、5%、7%、10%(摩尔分数))的锂离子电池合金负极材料。分析了合金的相组成、热力学状态、微观组织和与锂离子电池相关的电化学性能。结果显示,当Mn含量位于5%～7%时,熔体快淬Al80-xSi20Mnx合金可得到单一的过饱和固溶体和部分非晶,前10次电化学循环中具有比Al70-xSi30Mnx(x=0、5%、7%、10%(摩尔分数))多相合金高的容量,与含40%Si、相同Mn含量的合金相近。分析表明,在含20%～40%Si、5%～10%Mn的熔体快淬Al基合金中,锂主要储存在过饱和固溶体中,晶界和相界对储锂有重要贡献。合金的循环性能与Al基过饱和固溶体的成分有关,第三组元Mn的加入提高固溶体的过饱和度,并通过影响Li原子的扩散,改善循环性能。     

Effect of Minor Alloying on Crystallization Behavior and Thermal Properties of Zr_(64.5)Ni_(15.5)Al_(11.5)Cu_(8.5) Bulk Amorphous Alloy

Minor alloying plays an important role in the synthesis and improvement of thermal stability of bulk metallic glasses(BMGs).The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of minor additions of Y,Ti and Nb on the crystallization behavior and the thermal properties of Zr64.5Ni15.5Al11.5Cu8.5 alloy.Thermal parameters and the activation energies for crystallization were calculated for four(Zr0.645Ni0.155Al0.115-Cu0.085)100-xMx(M=Y,Ti and Nb,while x=0,2 at.) alloys.The present alloys have wide supercooled liquid region of ≥87 K.Maximum activation energy was found to be greater than 300 kJ/mol for the base alloy.Four crystalline phases were identified in the samples annealed at 823 K for 20 min.Reduced glass transition temperature(Trg) and other thermal parameters such as γ,δ and β were improved by Y and Ti addition.Nb addition resists crystallization below annealing temperature 713 K,however,its effect on thermal properties is not very promising.     

Ni和Ti的添加对Al2O3-Ti（C,N）复合材料性能的影响

研究了Ni和Ti的添加对真空热压烧结方法制备的Al2O3-Ti(C,N)陶瓷基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能的影响.发现添加Ni和Ti的复合材料主要由Al2O3、Ti(C,N)和Ni组成,没有发现存在金属Ti.Ti由于非常活泼,在热压烧结过程中可能与石墨模具产生的含C气氛反应生成TiC,或与高温下Ti(C,N)的少量分解产生的N2气氛反应生成TiN,这有利于减少复合材料中的气孔.适量添加Ni可通过液相烧结促进复合材料的致密化,提高复合材料的相对密度,并能通过产生裂纹偏转和裂纹桥联提高复合材料的断裂韧性.热压温度为1550℃、等摩尔比的Ni和Ti混合粉末添加量为5vol%时,Al2O3-Ti(C,N)-Ni-Ti复合材料的相对密度为99.6%,硬度为21GPa,抗弯强度为818MPa,断裂韧性为8.1 MPa.m1/2.     

Friction Stir Welding of Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30) Bulk Metallic Glass to Crystalline Aluminum

The Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 bulk metallic glass plate were successfully welded to crystalline aluminum plates by using a friction stir welding (FSW) method. The welded zone was examined. No defects, cracks or pores were observed and no other crystalline phases except for aluminum were found in the welded joint. The strength of the joint is higher than that of aluminum. The glassy phase in the stir zone keeps the amorphous state, showing a successful welding. The storage modulus softens over the glass transition. An...