红外AOTF调谐关系及其衍射光波长特性研究

对红外AOTF的分光原理和两级衍射光波长特性进行了理论与实验分析.结果表明:AOTF的驱动频率与衍射光波数基本成线性关系;入射角小于57.6°时,两级衍射光波长不等,波长差随驱动频率的增加而减小.分析了影响AOTF分辨率的主要因素,提出了改进方法.     

基于AOTF的在线红外光谱测量系统

介绍了一种新型的红外光谱测量系统,它由准直发射系统和聚焦接收系统两大部分组成,以声光可调谐滤光器（AOTF）为色散元件,连续改变AOTF的驱动频率就能实现快速波长扫描,达到实时测量目的。该系统具有结构简单、测量快速等特点,可用于在线有害气体检测和红外光谱分析。实验表明,系统光谱测量范围2．5－5μm,光谱分辨力为10nm。     

一种新型农药浓度荧光测量系统的研究

根据声光可调滤波器（Acousto-Optic Tunable Filters，AOTF）的分光原理研制了一种新型的农药浓度荧光俭测系统，系统以高压短弧氙灯为激发光源，以AOTF为分光元件，利用光纤探测传输荧光，采用数据采集卡实现数据接收和A／D转换，由微机进行数据存储和显示，并且利用该系统实现了对西维因农药浓度的荧光持性的测量。结果表明：系统测量光谱范围为230nm～750nm，光谱分辨率为10nm，在激发波K319nm、荧光波长650nm、西维因溶液浓度为0．0～120．0μg／L时系统具有较好的线性关系，线性相关系数r为0．9991，该系统达到了荧光检测的指标。     

A study of the potassium excited state Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter at 532.33 nm

The potassium tunable excited state Stark anomalous dispersion optical filter (SADOF) at 532.33 nm was studied theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical model of SADOF was deduced and the transmission of SADOF was calculated. The transmission spectra of potassium SADOF in different electric fields were measured and the experimental frequency shifts of SADOF versus the strengths of the electric field were given. Furthermore, the comparison between the experimental results with the corresponding theoretically simulated results has been completed. The comparison shows that our experimental results agree with the theoretically simulated results in general.     

Image processing method to improve AOTF spectral resolution and spatial resolution

Abstract

An acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) causes the diffracted angle and wavelength to spread, leading to loss of resolution. The light intensity detected by a CCD pixel equals the true intensity plus the stray light caused by the spread of the wavelength and diffraction angle. Here, the true intensity is obtained using neighbourhood estimate recursive correction iteration, improving the spectral and spatial resolution. The spread of acoustic wave angles caused by diffraction is analysed. The reason for the spreads is analysed and derived. A method is reported for measuring the correspondence between the wavelength and diffraction angle spread, using an AOTF, an angle measurement spectrometer and a fibre spectrometer. The iterations’ stop condition is analysed. The improved theory is verified by an AOTF spectral imaging experiment.     

基于MTF的十字线目标自动调焦算法

十字线目标作为调焦系统中的常见目标,其调焦精度是影响调焦系统测量结果的关键因素。传统的调焦函数在灵敏度和实时性方面不能完全满足自动调焦要求。基于调制传递函数(modulation transfer function,MTF)的自动调焦算法通过连续测量多幅图像在固定频率下的MTF值绘制调焦曲线,得到调焦曲线的唯一极值点即正焦位置;在Matlab运行环境下,与现有算法进行比较,结果表明,基于数字图像MTF的调焦函数可实现单张图片的清晰度值计算仅用0.01s,该算法实时性更好、灵敏度更高,具有应用价值。     

A hybrid image restoration approach: Using fuzzy punctual kriging and genetic programming

We present an intelligent technique for image denoising problem of gray level images degraded with Gaussian white noise in spatial domain. The proposed technique consists of using fuzzy logic as a mapping function to decide whether a pixel needs to be krigged or not. Genetic programming is then used to evolve an optimal pixel intensity‐estimation function for restoring degraded images. The proposed system has shown considerable improvement when compared both qualitatively and quantitatively with the adaptive Wiener filter, methods based on fuzzy kriging, and a fuzzy‐based averaging technique. Experimental results conducted using an image database confirms that the proposed technique offers superior performance in terms of image quality measures. This also validates the use of hybrid techniques for image restoration. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 224–231, 2007     

彩色合成中AOM设计分析

利用铌酸锂晶体为压电换能器,熔石英为声光互作用介质,研制出调制速度为32MHz、工作频率为180MHz、渡越时间为15ns、用于RGB彩色合成中的的声光调制器,文中主要讨论和分析了Q参数与调制器中心工作频率、换能器长度的关系;讨论了R参数对衍射光束形状的影响及与衍射效率的关系,还讨论并确定了换能器最佳尺寸,经测试,高速率声光调制器衍射效率为47％,并测试了调制速度。     

基于全聚焦算法的混凝土超声阵列探测成像方法

混凝土结构内含有大量的砂石、骨料以及钢筋,形成多样性的声学界面,超声在混凝土结构中的信号成分复杂,且超声能量易衰减.为了提高混凝土检测分辨率与信噪比,提出基于全聚焦算法的混凝土超声阵列检测方法.首先通过建立混凝土有限元模型,开展混凝土超声阵列仿真研究,模拟一发多收方式依次激励阵列探头,并获得检测信号;然后,为了避免噪声...     

一种基于改进PCNN模型的图像分割方法

通过对传统脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)模型的改进,在模型的输入端加入目标区域的边缘数据,使最高灰度级不同的非连通神经元同期点火,实现了多目标区域同时分割。给出了影响同期点火激励范围的主要参数β的自动设定方法,并设计了基于图像最大熵准则的自动分割算法。用分割精度评价准则验证了所提出方法的有效性。实验证明,对于低噪声污染的图像,改进的PCNN模型在多目标识别中的正确接受率达到95%以上,明显优于经典的Fastlinking模型。     

基于有源超材料的可调超薄雷达吸波体研究

在超材料结构中引入电阻和有源变容二极管,通过合理设计微结构型式以及微结构之间的连线方式,实现吸波频带的动态可调,研究电阻、电容和入射波极化方向对吸波特性的影响。结果表明:通过改变外加电压调整超材料的吸收频段,在3.7倍频带范围内实现吸波频段的主动自调节;吸波体的总厚度仅为波长的1/181,相比于传统吸波材料,在同等吸波性能条件下,表现出了优异的超薄特性;TE和TM极化电磁波表现出相同的吸波效果,即吸波特性对入射波的极化方向不敏感。     

基于光子带隙(PBG)结构的小型K波段谐振式带通滤波器

提出了一种新的基于光子带隙结构的K波段谐振式带通滤波器,给出了近似设计公式,并在半导体衬底上,采用微电子的工艺实现了这种结构。这种滤波器设计方法简单,体积小,整个长度接近谐振频率上的导波波长,加工方便,便于与其他电路集成,带内损耗小,阻带范围宽,带外抑制高。另外,本文的理论分析和实验结果均基于半导体衬底,可以直接应用于微波集成电路中。理论模拟与实际测量值基本吻合。     

基于梯度的自适应椒盐噪声滤波算法

针对传统中值滤波方法不能有效保持图像细节信息和对图像适应能力差的问题,提出一种改进的椒盐噪声滤除算法。算法基于先检测、后滤波的思想,根据图像的极小梯度矩阵自适应计算噪声阈值,提高了噪声检测的准确性;为了更好地保持图像细节,对检测出的噪声像素进行多窗口中值滤波。多组去噪实验表明：所提算法对污染程度不同的图像具有良好的适应性,在滤除噪声的同时还可以有效还原图像边缘等细节信息。     

A New Optimized Algorithm with Nonlinear Filter for Ultra-Tightly Coupled Integrated Navigation System of Land Vehicle

The extended particle filter (EPF) assisted by the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy logic adaptive system (FLAS) is used to design the ultra-tightly coupled GPS/INS (inertial navigation system) integrated navigation, which can maneuver the vehicle environment and the GPS outages scenario. The traditional integrated navigation designs adopt a loosely or tightly coupled architecture, for which the GPS receiver may lose the lock due to the interference/jamming scenarios, high dynamic environments, and the periods of partial GPS shading. An ultra-tight GPS/INS architecture involves the integration of I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) components from the correlator of a GPS receiver with the INS data. The EPF is a particle filter (PF) which uses the extended Kalman filter (EKF) to generate the proposal distribution. The PF depends mostly on the number of particles in order to achieve a better performance during the high dynamic environments and GPS outages. The T-S FLAS is one of these approaches that can prevent the divergence problem of the filter when the precise knowledge on the system models is not available. The results show that the proposed fuzzy adaptive EPF (FAEPF) can effectively improve the navigation estimation accuracy and reduce the computational load as compared with the EPF and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF).     

Focusing and defocusing dynamics of weak-light beam in a resonant three-level atomic system

Focusing and defocusing dynamics of weak-light ring-shaped beams in a Λ-type atomic system are investigated. It is found that focusing of weak light is possible due to the quantum interference effect. The focusing or defocusing regime with vanishing absorption can be manipulated by adjusting detunings from the resonant transition. When the fields are tuned appropriately larger than resonant frequencies, the beam propagates in the defocusing regime and diffraction of the beam takes place. Conversely, the beam focuses in the medium when the laser frequencies are tuned smaller than the resonant frequencies.     

Automatic defect inspection system of colour filters using Taguchi-based neural network

A coloured filter is a critical part of an LCD panel, especially to present a high quality colour display. At present, the defect detection of colour filters is conducted by manual inspection in the final product stage. However, poor detection efficiency and subjective judgment of manual inspection undermine accuracy. Therefore, this study applied image processing technology and the neural network to detect surface defects of colour filters in order to prevent losses arising from incorrect detection, lower production costs, and effectively improve yield. A back-propagation neural network (BPNN) classifier was selected to train the features. The results showed that the proposed method can be successfully applied in defect detection of colour filters to reduce artificial detection errors. In addition, the Taguchi method was used with BPNN to save time searching optimal learning parameters by the trial and error method, which achieves faster convergence, smaller convergent errors and better recognition rate. The results proved that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the Taguchi-based BPNN at final convergence is 0.000254, and recognition rate reaches 94%. Therefore, the proposed method has good effects in detecting the micro defects of a colour filter panel.     

Modeling and state of charge estimation of lithium-ion battery

Modeling and state of charge(SOC) estimation of lithium-ion(Li-ion) battery are the key techniques of battery pack management system(BMS) and critical to its reliability and safety operation.An auto-regressive with exogenous input(ARX) model is derived from RC equivalent circuit model(ECM) due to the discrete-time characteristics of BMS.For the time-varying environmental factors and the actual battery operating conditions,a variable forgetting factor recursive least square(VFFRLS)algorithm is adopted as an adaptive parameter identification method.Based on the designed model,an SOC estimator using cubature Kalman filter(CKF) algorithm is then employed to improve estimation performance and guarantee numerical stability in the computational procedure.In the battery tests,experimental results show that CKF SOC estimator has a more accuracy estimation than extended Kalman filter(EKF) algorithm,which is widely used for Li-ion battery SOC estimation,and the maximum estimation error is about 2.3%.     

Visibility of ghost imaging in a two-arm microscope imaging system

Ghost imaging with a classical thermal source is investigated in a two-arm microscope imaging system. The dependence of the imaging visibility on the aperture of the reference lens is discussed. It is shown that by using large apertures, good visibility as well as enhancing resolution can be obtained. The effects from the distance the object is moved away from the original plane are also studied, and one can obtain good visibility with a well-resolved image by changing the distance.     

Lattice Rotations in Cubical Silver-Bromide Crystals

Under certain conditions favouring the growth of cubic grains, a small proportion are formed in which one half is rotated with respect to the other half about an axis normal to their common (100) plane. The projective areas of such grains are much larger than those of normal cubic grains in the same emulsion. Possible angles of rotation and their relative frequency are calculated on t/ie supposition that in the planes of contact of the two halves, some ions, at least, are in their normal positions with respect to their neighbours. Observed angles group closely around the calculated ones and there is broad agreement as regards the relative frequency of occurrence. This demonstrates that the grains are single entities. It is shown that grains possessing a rotation are of low surface-image and high internal-image sensitivity. This situation can be attributed to preferential electron-trapping on or near the plane of rotation or associated regions of lattice misfit.