A variant of the subspace iteration algorithm for generalized eigenproblems

A variant of the subspace iteration algorithm for the generalized eigenproblem, Kp = λ Mp , is proposed. The algorithm does not require the computation of the projected stiffness matrix, and hence, the projected eigenproblem turns out to be a standard eigenproblem as against the generalized eigenproblem of the classical algorithm. This results in appreciable saving in the number of operations of the Rayleigh–Ritz step and hence the solution time, particularly when a large number of eigenvalues are to be computed. The numerical experiments suggest that the proposed algorithm can yield a saving in solution time of up to 28% for certain eigenproblems. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于差错估计的H.264视频容错算法

针对最新的视频编码标准H．264,设计了一种基于差错估计的容错算法。该算法结合信道条件,估计差错在视频编码帧之间的扩散;根据每个宏块差错的程度,自适应地判断是否对该宏块进行帧内编码,从而抑制差错的积累。在存在反向信道的环境中,该算法可以利用解码器反馈的实际宏块错误信息,跟踪差错扩散,对其进行更准确的估计,以提高容错性能。仿真表明,在各种信道条件下,该算法相对于随机帧内宏块更新算法．重建图像平均峰值信噪比有1．3～2．5dB的提高。同时,该算法对信道估计的要求不高,运算量和存储量的增加较低,具有实用性。     

一种基于有限字符集特性的OFDM系统盲信道估计算法

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)通信系统中传统的基于发送信号有限字符集特性的盲信道估计算法复杂度高、实用性低的问题进行了研究,提出了一种降低算法复杂度的改进的盲信道估计算法。通过将OFDM系统的频域接收信号模型等价分解成多个接收信号分组的方式,改进算法仅需搜索单个发送信号分组便可实现盲信道估计,其计算量大大降低。此外,改进算法还可以通过控制盲估计算法中分组的数目很好地实现系统性能和复杂度的折衷设计,实用性也更强。数值仿真结果表明,改进算法的最优估计方案与传统算法的性能完全相同,且其次优估计方案的性能随着比特信噪比的增加逐步逼近传统算法,分别在10和15dB处趋于一致。     

基于差分进化的时变信道最大似然估计算法

研究了隧道环境下的通信信道估计。针对隧道环境的地铁列车与轨旁设备之间无线通信中无线传输信道快速变化的特点,提出了一种采用元胞差分进化(DE)方法实时获取时变信道的有效信道长度的新型最大似然(ML)信道估计算法——DE-ML算法。仿真结果表明该算法在使用较少导频信息的情况下,通过差分进化方法有效估计跟踪有效信道长度,其估计性能优于最小二乘(LS)、线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)、传统ML等经典信道估计算法。该算法能在提高系统传输效率的同时显著提高算法的估计精度,尤其在高速移动情况下也具有了非常良好的性能。     

基于受损区域运动特征的时域错误隐藏算法

为解决视频压缩数据在网络传输中的误码或丢包问题,提出了一种适用于数字视频编码标准H.264的时域错误隐藏算法。该算法结合H.264中多尺寸编码块模式的特点,通过对受损块邻域块的模式分析来判定受损块模式,并针对各子块的运动类型分别建立相应的运动矢量候选集,从而选择最优运动矢量重建受损块。实验结果表明,该算法有效增强了对复杂运动区域重建的适应性,在不同的网络丢包率环境下均可实现较好的主观和客观重建图像质量。     

A novel image analysis method for rotational motion of circular feature based on perspective projection

Abstract

Circular feature has been widely applied in recognising moving object and estimating its position and orientation. Based on the principle of perspective projection, the rotational motion of circular feature was analysed. According to whether the rotational motion occurred in the plane of circular feature, the rotational motion could be classified into two types: in-plane rotation and non-in-plane rotation. For the convenience of computation, we set the camera’s initial position and orientation. The optical axis of camera was set perpendicular to the plane of circular feature. We analysed the perspective distortion of the circular feature. Additionally, based on the geometrical reasoning, we also proposed the method of computing the rotation angles. Finally, some experiments were carried to verify correctness and feasibility of the computing method. The results showed that the measurement of rotation angle could achieve better performance though the error existed. The maximum value of errors was only 0·4°. The average errors and the standard deviations of errors were also small.     

A hybrid differential evolution and estimation of distribution algorithm based on neighbourhood search for job shop scheduling problems

Job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) is a typical NP-hard problem. In order to improve the solving efficiency for JSSP, a hybrid differential evolution and estimation of distribution algorithm based on neighbourhood search is proposed in this paper, which combines the merits of Estimation of distribution algorithm and Differential evolution (DE). Meanwhile, to strengthen the searching ability of the proposed algorithm, a chaotic strategy is introduced to update the parameters of DE. Two mutation operators are adopted. A neighbourhood search (NS) algorithm based on blocks on critical path is used to further improve the solution quality. Finally, the parametric sensitivity of the proposed algorithm has been analysed based on the Taguchi method of design of experiment. The proposed algorithm was tested through a set of typical benchmark problems of JSSP. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving JSSP.     

基于改进有序聚类法的立式加工中心进给系统温测点优化

为解决立式加工中心热误差补偿关键技术中温测点难选取的问题,提出了一种基于改进有序聚类法的机床进给系统温测点优化方法。首先,结合试验数据计算反映温测点温度变量与热误差相关性的互信息值,初步筛选机床各部件的温测点,消除测点间的耦合性;然后,根据筛选出的温测点,通过建立类直径矩阵和计算各类的最小误差函数,获得温度变量分类;最后,基于多元线性回归建立包含多个不同温测点的热误差模型,并对模型进行统计学综合分析,确定了最佳聚类数和最佳温测点。结果表明：在不同加工条件下采用改进有序聚类法建立的热误差模型的均方根误差和平均残差分别降至1.05 μm和1 μm以下,相较于采用传统有序聚类法和灰色关联度模糊聚类法建立的热误差模型,它具有更高的热误差预测精度和更好的鲁棒性。所提方法在中小型加工中心进给系统的温测点研究中具有广阔的应用前景。     

A route instrument for measuring the concentration of gases based on a two-wavelength semiconductor laser

A route instrument for measuring small concentrations of gases which uses as the radiation source a semiconductor laser diode with an asymmetrical quantum-dimensional heterostructure is considered. Optoelectronic recirculation simultaneously at two optical wavelengths is achieved in the system, which enables the accuracy of route measurements of the concentration of gases to be achieved and also enables the length of the monitored route to be measured. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 64–67, January, 2007.     

基于奇数沟千分尺的丝锥中径单针测量方法探讨

采用奇数沟千分尺可以使用单针法测量丝锥中径,日本三丰公司生产的奇数沟千分尺,在其产品说明书中给出了单针法测量丝锥中径的分步式计算公式。但是国产奇数沟千分尺如果采用上述分步式计算将会导致错误的结果。该文依据奇数沟千分尺的原理和丝锥中径的单针法测量原理,推导出了丝锥中径的综合计算公式。最后提供上述两种丝锥中径计算方法的实验对比结果,证明了分步式计算公式中系数准确计算的重要性。     

基于三次相关改进的广义互相关时延估计法在局部放电超声波定位中的研究

在现有的开关柜等电气设备局部放电超声波定位技术中,到达时间差定位法(Time Difference of Arrival,TDOA)在定位精度与技术实现等方面有着一定的优势,得到了广泛的使用,是目前常用的方法,其中的时延估计算法对整个系统起着关键作用。文章首先对目前现有的基本相关、广义相关、二次相关等时延估计算法进行了分析。其次,在二次相关基础上再进行一次相关,并设计了新型的加权函数,将三次相关与广义互相关结合在一起,成为一种新的方法,即广义三次相关时延估计法。最后,搭建了相应的开关柜实验平台并对以上方法进行了实验及对比,分析了各算法的性能。结果表明,广义三次相关时延估计法在相对强噪声环境中较其他算法抗噪性能更强,具有更好的优越性。     

基于频响函数辨识鼓筒-轮盘结合部连接参数的选点原则

基于频响函数的辨识方法被广泛用于识别结合部动态参数,其中如何选择频响数据是关键问题。本文针对结合部采用弹簧和阻尼器连接的鼓筒-轮盘模型提出了频响数据选取原则和对应于该原则的量化标准。具体选点原则为所选取的局部信噪比最高的频点所对应的模态对连接刚度的综合灵敏度应该最高。为了定量比较不同模态对连接刚度的综合灵敏度,建立了具体的量化指标和标准。理论分析表明本文所提出的频响数据选取原则和量化标准是有效的,具有一定的工程应用价值。