等离子熔覆Fe基复合涂层的组织与性能

利用等离子熔覆技术,在45钢基体表面制备了Fe基合金熔覆层.采用金相显微镜、显微硬度计对熔覆层组织、性能进行研究.结果表明,熔覆层组织由树枝晶、等轴晶组成,涂层中含有一定量的化合物,无气孔、夹杂,其中树枝晶组织粗大,等轴晶组织细小;熔覆层具有较高的硬度,并且由表面到基体硬度呈梯度分布;熔覆层中等轴晶的显微硬度最高可达1234 HV0.1,是45钢基体的4倍.     

45钢表面WC-12Co金属陶瓷激光熔覆层的组织与性能研究

采用火焰喷涂技术,在45钢表面预置一层WC-12Co并进行激光熔覆实验.SEM分析试样显微组织与形貌,EDS分析界面元素分布特性,HXD-1000B维氏显微硬度仪分析显微硬度分布特征.结果表明,经激光熔覆后,火焰喷涂层所固有的片层状组织消失,形成了较为致密的熔覆层,涂层与基体间呈现冶金结合状态;熔覆层显微组织由表及里依次呈现多边形块状、枝晶状、颗粒状.熔覆层表层硬度最高,随着深度的增加,硬度逐渐下降,熔覆层与基体界面处硬度发生突变.     

铁基合金梯度熔覆工艺研究及熔覆层特性分析

为了在H13钢表面获得显微硬度呈梯度分布的铁基合金熔覆层,试验选取了三种铁基合金粉末FJ-1粉末、铁基合金粉末1号和高铬铁基合金粉末逐层进行激光熔覆,并探究了每层熔覆时的工艺参数,最终获得了由三种粉末堆积成的铁基合金梯度熔覆层,并对熔覆层的表面硬度、结合状态、组织和显微硬度等进行了分析。结果表明,三种粉末逐层熔覆后的梯度熔覆层表现出了表面平整、表面硬度较高、内部组织无明显缺陷且层间结合紧密的特征。熔覆层顶层晶粒细小,夹层和底层晶粒逐渐变大,熔覆层与H13钢结合处呈现良好的冶金结合特性。各层的显微硬度由基体逐渐向顶层升高,呈明显的梯度分布,最终得到梯度熔覆层。     

液压支柱高频熔覆再制造技术研究

为提高钢铁材料表面的硬度和耐磨性,采用高频感应加热熔覆方法在27SiMn钢基体上制备具有冶金结合的Ni45合金熔覆层。采用金相显微镜和SEM分析不同熔覆电流下熔覆层的显微组织,同时用能谱仪对熔覆层和基体的元素进行分析。结果表明,熔覆频率为250 k Hz,熔覆电流为1160 A时,熔覆层显微组织致密,与基体呈冶金结合,组织为奥氏体+碳化物的共晶。     

42CrMo钢表面高频感应熔覆微米WC-12Co涂层组织及性能的研究

采用高频感应熔覆的方法在42CrMo钢基体表面获得微米WC-12Co涂层,并用电子显微镜、显微硬度计研究了熔覆层的显微组织、硬度,并通过抗热震试验分析了熔覆层与基体的结合强度,同时研究了该熔覆层的耐腐蚀性。结果表明:该熔覆层组织均匀,与基体结合强度高,耐腐蚀性好,硬度为970 HV0.5,分布较为均匀。     

氩弧反应熔覆TiC／Ni复合涂层的组织与性能研究

利用氩弧熔覆技术，以Ni60自熔合金粉、钛粉和石墨粉为原料，在45#钢表面原位反应合成了以TiC颗粒为增强相的Ni基复合涂层。利用金相、SEM、XRD等技术分析了涂层的显微组织，利用显微硬度仪测试了熔覆层显微硬度，用自制磨损试验机对比了熔覆层与淬火回火65Mn钢的耐磨性。结果表明，熔覆层成形良好，无裂纹、气孔等缺陷，与基体呈冶金结合；熔覆层的组织为γ—Ni奥氏体枝晶、CrB、TiB2、Cr23C6、Fe23C6及反应合成的弥散分布的球状TiC陶瓷颗粒；熔覆层显微硬度呈梯度分布，且越靠近基体表面，硬度越低；熔覆层具有优良的耐磨性能。     

双层WC颗粒增强铁基体复合熔覆层的组织和性能研究

采用氩弧熔覆(GTAW)技术在45号钢表面制备了双层WC颗粒增强铁基体复合涂层,通过SEM,XRD和EDS分析了熔覆层的显微组织和相组成,并测试了熔覆层的显微硬度.结果表明:双层复合熔覆层内未见明显裂纹、夹杂等缺陷,与基体呈冶金结合;熔覆层的显微组织由未熔WC颗粒、灰色等轴状初晶和鱼骨状共晶碳化物组成;复合熔覆层的显微...     

718H模具钢等离子熔覆涂层的组织和性能研究

采用等离子熔覆技术在718H模具钢表面熔覆铁基合金粉末,借助光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱仪、显微硬度计和材料表面性能综合测试仪对熔覆层的显微组织、化学成分、物相组成、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能进行了分析。结果表明:等离子熔覆铁基合金粉末的熔覆层的组织近表面为细晶区,中间为柱状晶,熔覆层与热影响区的交界处有一条平面晶组织,熔覆层与基体形成了冶金结合,热影响区组织为板条状马氏体;从基体到表面硬度大致呈梯度分布,熔覆层的硬度达到800 HV,大于基体材料的硬度;熔覆层中有较多M7C3碳化物和γ-(Cr-Ni-Fe-C)合金固溶体相,磨损量小于基体材料的,熔覆层的耐磨性明显好于基体材料。     

氩弧反应熔覆TiC/Ni复合涂层的组织与性能研究

利用氩弧熔覆技术,以Ni60自熔合金粉、钛粉和石墨粉为原料,在45增强相的Ni基复合涂层.利用金相、SEM、XRD等技术分析了涂层的显微组织,利用显微硬度仪测试了熔覆层显微硬度,用自制磨损试验机对比了熔覆层与淬火回火65Mn钢的耐磨性.结果表明,熔覆层成形良好,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,与基体呈冶金结合;熔覆层的组织为γ-Ni奥氏体枝晶、CrB、TiB2、Cr23C6、Fe23C6及反应合成的弥散分布的球状TiC陶瓷颗粒;熔覆层显微硬度呈梯度分布,且越靠近基体表面,硬度越低;熔覆层具有优良的耐磨性能.     

多道搭接钴基合金激光熔覆层的组织与性能

以钴基合金粉作熔覆材料,利用激光熔覆技术在42CrMo基体表面制备高性能熔覆层。使用光学显微镜观察熔覆层的宏观形貌以及显微组织,采用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验仪测量基体与熔覆层的显微硬度及摩擦因数曲线并分析了其磨损机理。结果表明,熔覆层中的组织类型为平面晶、胞状晶和柱状晶,组织形态呈梯度分布。熔覆层平均硬度达到650 HV0.3,是基体平均硬度的2.7倍,其摩擦因数为0.275左右,比基体的摩擦因数小0.075左右。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.