某炼铁厂烧结生产工艺改进研究

为改善烧结矿的产量和质量,结合某炼铁厂二烧车间105 m2烧结机的实际情况,对烧结矿原料、烧结操作以及烧结设备进行了分析,采用在熔剂里添加消石灰和生石灰、高碱度烧结、控制烧结矿的FeO含量、低速厚料层烧结、控制布料与点火操作、合理配比返矿等方法进行试验,试验数据表明,采用新工艺后烧结矿在转鼓指数、粒度均匀度、成品率、强度等方面均有所改善,烧结矿产量和质量均得到了提高。     

基于YOLOv5的烧结机台车篦条缺失检测研究

在烧结工艺中,篦条的缺失会使台车底部出现缺口,烧结矿掉落造成生产事故,严重将导致烧结系统停产.针对以上问题,提出了在烧结机机头处基于目标检测算法对篦条缺失进行检测的方案.通过采集篦条缺失图像,使用图片标注工具Labellmg对篦条缺失样本进行标注,构建数据集.在Pytorch深度学习框架下,采用目标检测YOLOv5算法对样本进行训练,使用训练权重对测试集中的图像进行检测及准确率分析,结果表明：使用YOLOv5检测篦条缺失mAP值可达99.5%,其训练后的权重可以检测篦条缺失图像.最后,基于PyQt构建烧结机台车篦条缺失检测系统,对篦条缺失进行实时检测,避免生产事故的发生,为烧结机台车篦条缺失检测提供解决方案.     

钾钠氟在烧结过程中的行为

通过烧结中断试验，研究了包钢烧结过程中钾、钠、氟的行为：原矿中的微斜长石，霓石和萤石分别形成了钾霞石、三斜霞石和枪晶石，并存于烧结矿中；同时还发现烧结过程中产生了少量钾、钠、氟的挥发物，并为湿料带所吸附，而在烧结饼上部产生了区域净化现象。因此，为减少钾、钠、氟对高炉冶炼的危害，需要把烧结矿烧好烧透。     

烧结节能减排须重视新技术推广应用(二)

加大烧结余热利用力度.从烧结机尾部风箱排除的废气,温度可达300℃左右;从烧结机卸下的热烧结矿温度一般为600~750℃,当热烧结矿在冷却机前段用空气冷却时,也可产生300℃以上的热废     

马钢90m2烧结机提高烧结矿强度的实践

介绍了90m2烧结机通过采取强化烧结,推行厚料层烧结技术,优化工艺参数,实行标准化操作等措施,提高烧结矿转鼓强度11.01%,槽下含粉下降2.06%,5 mm-10 mm粒级降低11.04%,烧结固体燃耗降低15.5 kg/t矿,取得了较好效果,经济效益显著。     

铅鼓风烧结均匀布风的工业性试验

某冶炼厂铅鼓风烧结风箱内布同存在严重的涡流现象，为此，在烧结机风箱中安装了一块平板形导流叶片进行工业性试验，作者对试验前后的些表观现象及运行参数进行了详细的比较与分析，其结果表明，在烧结机风箱内安装导流叶片后，烧结矿料层反应均匀，提高了台车上空烟罩内烟气中的ＳＯ２浓度，提高了铅锌矿烧结块的生产能力，改善了烧结块质量。     

IDC机房用热管换热器节能特性试验研究

机房空调能耗约占机房总能耗的40%。在IDC机房节能方案中,使用热管换热器利用自然冷源散热,能够减少空调工作时间,同时可避免室内外空气接触,满足湿度、洁净度的要求。参考北京某IDC机房,搭建试验模型,分析IDC机房内热管换热器和空调各自的散热负荷和能耗特性,研究围护结构的散热特性,比较设定温度和室外温度对空调能耗的影响。结果表明,北京冬季工况下,仅依靠围护结构的散热,无法满足IDC机房的散热需求;围护结构散热量约占IDC机房总散热量的19.5%;空调平均每天耗能3.5~4 kWh;使用热管换热器室内外温差不超过20℃,能耗仅为空调能耗的41%,全年节能约40%;与室内设定温度相比,室外气温对空调能耗的影响较大;室外温度提高1℃,空调能耗平均增加5%~6%。     

烧结公司生产能力报告

川威集团烧结公司现有两台带式烧结机能力为76万t/年,土烧球团能力为17万t/年,自从小球烧结技改项目实施后,烧结矿增产了10%左右. 为了使烧结机能发挥出最大生产能力,确保烧结优质、高产、低耗,烧结公司对工艺设备的各工序能力进行平衡. 生产预配料车间的1#、8#～14#共8条皮带运输机为400t/h左右的能力,一台双向混匀取料机及皮带运输系统,能力为400t/h,同时配有8个圆盘给料机料仓,达到预配料能力与烧结能力平衡,确保烧结矿质量稳定.     

宣钢86 m2烧结机厚料层烧结生产实践

介绍了宣钢第二炼铁厂一烧86 m2烧结机实现厚料层烧结生产的经过、操作控制及厚料层烧结生产的效果.     

非均匀非稳态温度对人体散热影响的实验研究

人体散热对热舒适研究有着重要作用.本文主要研究非均匀非稳态温度条件下,人体散热量和散热比例变化特性.在本次实验中,通过控制空气温度不变、平均辐射温度随时间改变的方法,来实现非均匀非稳态条件.在测试人体皮肤温度、服装外表面温度、体温以及各种环境参数等变量的前提下,得出人体各种散热量和散热比例,并给出它们的拟合公式.研究表明:在非均匀非稳态温度下,辐射和显汗蒸发散热随平均辐射温度变化较大,而对流、导热、呼吸和扩散散热变化较小.与以往研究相比,对流散热比例较小.可见,人体散热量和散热比例可以通过控制环境参数而改变.因此,在怎样的环境参数组合下,能采用最小的能耗来满足热舒适,将有较大的研究意义.     

Effect of sinter layer porosity distribution on flow and temperature fields in a sinter cooler

When sinters are filled into the sinter cooler from the sintering machine, it is commonly seen that, due to segregation ef-fects, sinters of larger size usually accumulate closer to the inner wall of the sinter cooler, whereas those of smaller size are to the outer wall. This nonuniform distribution of sinters has led to uneven cooling effect throughout the cooler. This causes the sinters leaving the cooler at a large temperature difference. This undesired temperature difference leads to the deformation and even the de-struction of the conveyors. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was used in the present work to investigate the heat and fluid flow phenomena within the sinter cooler corresponding to the different distribution of sinter layer porosity, which was highly dependent on the arrangement and orientation of sinters within the sinter cooler. It is confirmed that a high mass flow rate within the sinter layer causes a low temperature region and vice versa. The flow fields for vertically reducing porosity distribution and random distribution are almost identical indicating the relative insignificance of convective heat transfer mechanism.     

保温制度对表层烧结矿质量的影响

为寻找到保温制度对烧结过程表层烧结矿的影响规律,通过烧结杯实验,考查不同保温制度对表层烧结矿质量的影响。实验结果表明,当保温温度控制在250～300℃时有利于提高表层烧结矿的强度,同时有利于烧结矿取得良好的冶金性能,增加烧结矿中还原性能良好的针状铁酸钙含量。     

烧结机烧结冷却阻力的计算

为合理设计钢铁企业冷却烧结机的风压,对风压基本参数——烧结机烧结冷却阻力进行了理论推导,建立了阻力计算的数学模型,并基于C++Builder开发了相应于模型的计算程序.通过实例对程序和算法进行了验证.结果表明,计算结果与实际相符,说明模型正确.该计算程序简单明了,可广泛应用于冶金行业进行烧结机烧结冷却阻力的计算.     

接地工程用高导电率煅烧石油焦炭的研制

为了研究高导碳粉添加量、烧结温度和烧结时间对煅烧石油焦炭电阻率的影响,进而优化其电阻率,采用硝酸铵溶液电化学氧化法对煅烧石油焦炭进行二次石墨化处理.通过添加高导碳粉、合理控制烧结温度和烧结时间,制备了高导电率煅烧石油焦炭.结果表明,从经济性和改性效果综合分析,宜在高导碳粉质量分数为20%,烧结温度为850 ℃,烧结时间为90~100 min的条件下进行烧结.所提出的煅烧石油焦炭石墨化方法工艺简单、成本低,可以明显提高电导率.     

Mechanisms of composite agglomeration of fluoric iron concentrate

The effect of composite agglomeration process (CAP) on fluoric iron concentrates sintering was investigated. The yield and quality of the sinter are greatly improved when using CAP assisted with heat airflow and enhancing magnesium oxide (MgO) contents. For conventional sintering of fluoric iron concentrate, due to lower viscosity of binding phase and higher fluidity of liquid phase, the sinter is formed with large thin-walled holes and the strength of the sinter is deteriorated consequently. The novel process forms composite agglomerate in which acid pellets are embedded in basic sinter. The pellets are solid with interconnecting crystals of hematite (Fe₂O₃) and magnetic (Fe₃O₄). For basic sintering, after adding MgO, the viscosity of the melting phase increases and the fluidity decreases; and calcium and aluminum silico-ferrites and magnesium ferrite are formed with perfect crystals and good sintering microstructure.     

圆柱形微波多模烧结腔烧结Al_2O_3陶瓷的性能

应用微波加热技术进行高纯Al2O3陶瓷烧结是一种理想的选择.本文使用一种新型的圆柱形微波多模烧结腔体进行了Al2O3陶瓷的烧结研究,该设备可在短时间内达到较高的烧结温度,并能实现坯体的整体烧结.分别对纯Al2O3粉体和Al2O3/MgO混合粉体进行了烧结实验,结果表明,添加MgO作为助烧剂烧结得到的陶瓷试样的相对密度高于纯Al2O3粉体烧结得到的陶瓷试样,在1 700℃下保温40 min,其相对密度可以达到理论密度的97.8%,维氏硬度达22.3 HV/GPa.从SEM图中可观察到试样微观结构良好,晶粒大小均匀,致密化程度高.     

污泥陶粒的性能特征与烧制工艺

为了探索污泥烧制陶粒的新方法,在系统分析污泥理化性质的基础上,研究污泥陶粒的制备工艺及性能.结合污泥低温干化的技术特点,建立污泥干化与陶粒烧制一体化的工艺流程.研究结果表明,污泥的Al2O3和Na2O+K2O质量分数在可用于烧制陶粒的化学组成范围内,SiO2的质量分数接近于48%的下限值,具备烧制污泥陶粒的基本条件;污泥陶粒的抗压强度随着表观密度的增加而增大,烧制温度对污泥陶粒的抗压强度和表观密度产生明显影响,在1 075 ℃时烧制的污泥陶粒具有最大的抗压强度（71.7 MPa）和表观密度（2.45 g/cm3）,污泥陶粒的吸水率随烧制温度的增加而减小.     

基于添加尿素的烧结过程中SO2减排

提出一种基于添加尿素的烧结过程SO2减排技术。将尿素加入烧结混合水中,进行尿素不同配比的烧结杯实验。实验结果表明：尿素受热分解产生的氨气与SO2发生反应,形成的硫酸铵在高温到来之前被抽风带入烧结粉尘并被捕集,实现了与烟气和烧结料层的有效分离。当尿素配比为0.05%（质量分数）时,SO2排放降低52.4%,烧结技术指标影响甚小,且无二次污染产生。     

Sintering characteristics of fluxes and their structure optimization

Sintering characteristics of common fluxes and sintering blending ores, such as mineralization capacity, liquid generation capacity, consolidation strength, were examined to master the behavior and effect of fluxes in sintering. Based on fundamental studies, sinter pot tests were carried out to obtain the principles of optimizing the sinter flux structure. The results showed that strong mineralization capacity, liquid phase generation capacity, and consolidation strength were obtained as sintering blending ...     

Effect of fluxes on high iron and low silica sintering

Burnt lime and serpentine were incorporated into the sinter mix to improve high iron and low silica sintering. Optimization of how to use burnt lime including dosage of burnt lime, moisture of sinter mix, hydrating and granulation time was performed. Evaluations of sinter characteristics including sinter mineralogy, reducibility, low temperature reduction degradation, softening and melting down properties were carried out. Compared with the results of traditional process in base case, the tumbling index (T7) is increased by 1. 53%-2. 33% through proportioning high ratio of burnt lime or adding serpentine in the sinter mix. It is shown that effective granulation, better permeability and improved high temperature reactivity in the sinter bed are achieved, resulting in an increase in 3. 13% - 5. 10% calcium ferrite occurring in acicular and columnar shape and decrease in glass phase, and with the reducibility index(RI) being increased by 1. 65%- 3. 25%.