高模量改性剂的作用机理及应用研究

以70#石油沥青、SBS改性沥青和高模量改性沥青为研究对象,通过流变试验,定量研究了高模量改性剂掺量对沥青黏弹特性的影响,并与SBS改性沥青进行了对比分析,结合荧光显微试验,研究了高模量改性剂的改性机理;基于车辙试验和动态模量试验,分析比较了高模量改性沥青混合料和SBS改性沥青混合料在路用性能方面的差异.结果表明:高模...     

玄武岩纤维高模量沥青混合料疲劳性能试验研究

为探讨玄武岩纤维和高模量改性剂在提高沥青混合料抗疲劳性能方面的适用性,选取AC-20C级配,对比分析了基质沥青混合料、SBS改性沥青混合料、玄武岩纤维沥青混合料、高模量沥青混合料以及玄武岩纤维高模量沥青混合料在不同应变水平下的疲劳寿命次数。结果表明:玄武岩纤维和高模量改性剂对沥青混合料的疲劳性能改善明显。     

基于不同制备工艺的高模量沥青混合料路用性能研究

为了研究不同制备工艺的高模量沥青混合料路用性能优劣,本文选择橡胶沥青、湖沥青、岩沥青和50#硬质沥青混合料,以及在SBS改性沥青中添加PR.M和聚酯纤维制备的高模量沥青混合料。首先对混合制备工艺进行试验,其次通过高温抗车辙试验、低温小梁试验、冻融劈裂试验和疲劳试验指标,综合评价高模量沥青混合料路用性能。研究结果表明:橡胶沥青混合料各项性能指标最优,其次为复合改性湖沥青、岩沥青混合料,而50#硬质沥青综合性能较差,掺加外掺剂可以显著提高SBS改性沥青混合料性能。     

基于疲劳性能的应力吸收层混合料设计指标

以基质沥青与胶粉搅拌制备橡胶沥青,以基质沥青与SBS改性剂搅拌制备SBS改性沥青,然后分别采用相应的级配设计橡胶沥青应力吸收层混合料和SBS改性沥青应力吸收层混合料.选取目前常见的Strata应力吸收层混合料为对比材料,通过大量四点弯曲小梁疲劳试验（15℃）对这3种改性沥青混合料进行1500×10-6应变下的疲劳试验,分析混合料疲劳寿命与胶粉掺量(质量分数)、SBS改性剂掺量(质量分数)及改性沥青针入度、软化点、黏度的关系.结果表明：Strata应力吸收层混合料在1500×10-6应变下的疲劳寿命为302023次,因此以1500×10-6应变下疲劳寿命≥3×106次作为应力吸收层混合料的设计指标.橡胶沥青应力吸收层混合料疲劳寿命与胶粉掺量和橡胶沥青177℃黏度具有很好的相关性,按设计指标进行橡胶沥青应力吸收层混合料设计时,要求胶粉掺量为19.6%～20.5%,橡胶沥青177℃黏度维持在3.4～3.6Pa·s.SBS改性沥青应力吸收层混合料疲劳寿命与SBS改性剂掺量和SBS改性沥青针入度、软化点、135℃黏度具有很好的线性相关性,按设计指标进行SBS改性沥青应力吸收层混合料设计时,若A型、B型SBS改性剂混合使用,则要求SBS改性剂掺量≥6.5%,SBS改性沥青针入度≤5.1mm,SBS改性沥青软化点≥93℃,SBS改性沥青135℃黏度≥1.95Pa·s;适当加大油石比和调整级配中关键筛孔通过率可增大SBS改性沥青应力吸收层混合料疲劳寿命;B型SBS改性剂更适合用在SBS改性沥青应力吸收层混合料设计中.     

不同疲劳试验中改性沥青混合料疲劳性能对比

使用四点弯曲疲劳试验(4PB)、两点梯形梁疲劳试验(2PB)和overlay tester(OT)试验3种试验方法,对工程上常用的7种沥青混合料疲劳性能进行了测试.结果表明:在3种疲劳试验中,掺加6%(质量分数,下同)SBS的改性沥青混合料疲劳性能均较好,同时掺加10%TB胶粉和3%SBS的改性沥青混合料、掺加4.5%SBS的改性沥青混合料和同时掺加4.5%SBS及0.4%多聚磷酸(PPA)的改性沥青混合料疲劳性能均一般,掺加3%SBS的改性沥青混合料疲劳性能较差,温拌剂改性沥青混合料和埃索基质沥青混合料的疲劳性能最差;提高SBS掺量可以有效地提高沥青混合料的疲劳性能;添加TB胶粉和PPA可以在不同程度上提高SBS改性沥青混合料的疲劳寿命,但其对疲劳性能的影响力逊于SBS;不同试验方法中沥青混合料疲劳性能的排序具有一致性,具体排序稍有不同.     

基于DSR的沥青胶结料自愈合评价指标分析

为充分认识沥青胶结料自愈合评价指标的适用性,通过动态剪切流变仪(DSR)进行"疲劳-愈合-疲劳"试验,对比分析5种常见沥青胶结料自愈合评价指标(HI_1～HI_5),得到不同自愈合时间、不同损伤程度下70~#基质沥青、SBS改性沥青和橡胶改性沥青的自愈合能力,并讨论了各指标的优缺点及适用性.结果表明:不同自愈合评价指标下,3种沥青胶结料自愈合能力排序不同;HI_1可区分不同条件下沥青胶结料的自愈合程度,自愈合时间较短时更敏感;HI_2仅适用于评价相同损伤程度的沥青胶结料自愈合性能;HI_3可反映自愈合后沥青胶结料疲劳损伤的恢复程度;HI_4不仅受沥青胶结料承受荷载作用能力的影响,还与其初始复数模量的恢复能力有关,不适用于评价沥青胶结料自愈合能力;HI_5同时考虑了沥青胶结料初始复数模量和疲劳损伤的恢复,可反映沥青胶结料综合性能的恢复能力,最适合作为沥青胶结料自愈合性能评价指标.     

几种改性沥青疲劳破坏评价指标及性能研究

为研究改性沥青的疲劳破坏演化规律,采用动态剪切流变仪(Dynamic Shear Rheometer,DSR),对岩沥青/SBS复合改性沥青(RA/SBS)、岩沥青/胶粉复合改性沥青(RA/CR)、岩沥青改性沥青(RA)和SBS改性沥青(SBS)进行温度扫描试验和考虑荷载控制模式(应力/应变)的时间扫描试验。基于表象法和耗散能理论,获得多种物理指标随荷载作用次数(N)的变化曲线;通过分析曲线变化规律系统地研究本研究改性沥青的疲劳行为,确定多种疲劳破坏指标(G*sinδ、TF、Nf50、Nfm、Nm、N2和Np20),并将其应用于改性沥青的疲劳性能评价与寿命评估;全面分析和客观评价不同疲劳破坏指标的评价效果,确定适用于本研究改性沥青的疲劳失效判定标准。研究结果表明：不同疲劳破坏指标对本研究改性沥青的疲劳性能评价效果存在显著差异,疲劳寿命依赖于时间扫描试验的荷载控制模式;同一种加载模式下,应用多种疲劳破坏判定指标对改性沥青进行疲劳寿命排序的结果具有一致性,添加5%岩沥青和2%SBS的RA/SBS是应力控制模式下的最佳抗疲劳性能掺配;添加5%岩沥青和18%胶粉的RA/CR是应变控制模式下的最佳抗疲劳性能掺配;增加RA/CR中的胶粉掺量,降低岩沥青掺量,可显著改善复合改性沥青的疲劳性能。通过疲劳破坏指标的几何位置判定可知,Nf50和Nfm贴近于改性沥青的完全疲劳破坏状态,可将其作为本研究改性沥青的疲劳破坏判定标准。     

高模量改性沥青混合料路用性能试验研究

高模量改性剂能显著提高沥青混合料的高温稳定性、油蚀抗剥落性,延长其疲劳寿命,且干拌直投的生产工艺简便,逐渐开始应用于沥青路面。系统试验了不同掺量下高模量改性沥青混合料的路用性能,并与常用SBS改性沥青混合料性能进行对比,在提高高温稳定性为主兼顾低温性能原则下,确定高模量改性剂合理掺量为0. 5%～0. 6%,典型掺量为0. 6%。     

TB复合高模量剂改性沥青的黏弹特性及混合料性能研究

基于DSR、MSCR、BBR试验,研究TB(Terminal Blend)复合高模量剂改性沥青的的黏弹特性,并与20％TB(胶粉)沥青、5％SBS改性沥青进行了对比分析.通过车辙试验、低温弯曲试验与疲劳试验,对比分析了TB复合高模量剂改性沥青混合料的高低温性能和疲劳特性.结果表明,掺加高模量剂能显著改善TB(胶粉)沥青...     

基于荧光显微镜的高模量改性沥青相态研究

为探究高模量改性沥青的改性机理,采用落射式荧光显微镜对高模量剂、高模量改性沥青、SBS-高模量剂复合改性沥青的荧光显微图像进行分析,以此说明高模量剂在基质沥青和SBS改性沥青中的分布情况;同时观测了 3种不同发育时间的SBS-高模量剂复合改性沥青的显微相态,并以此推测高模量剂的改性机理.试验结果表明:荧光显微镜能定性判断高模量剂的存在性,显微照片中的荧光面积随着高模量剂掺量的提高明显增加;SBS改性剂与高模量剂复合改性时未产生相互作用,二者皆为物理改性;发育时间不同的改性沥青显微相态表现出随发育时间增加高模量剂分散程度提高的趋势.荧光显微镜观测到的改性沥青微观相态能直观地反映高模量剂的改性效果.     

一种温拌剂对SBS改性沥青性能影响研究

研究了一种自制温拌剂对SBS改性沥青的物理性能和燃烧性能的影响,并通过动态剪切流变仪(DSR)温度扫描试验分析自制温拌剂对SBS改性沥青流变性能的影响。针入度、延度、软化点试验结果表明:自制温拌剂的加入能使沥青的稠度增加,能降低沥青的温度敏感性,提高沥青的高温性能;极限氧指数试验结果表明:温拌剂的加入能提高SBS改性沥青的阻燃性能;温度扫描试验结果表明:与SBS改性沥青相比,掺加6%温拌剂的SBS沥青有更大的复合模量、车辙因子、疲劳因子,更小的相位角,这说明温拌剂的加入提高了SBS改性沥青的车辙性能和疲劳性能。     

胶粉/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料性能研究

胶粉/SBS复合改性综合了橡胶沥青和SBS改性沥青的优势,能显著改善混合料的高低温性能。采用残留稳定试验、冻融劈裂试验、低温弯曲试验、车辙试验、四点弯曲疲劳试验和动态模量试验,分析胶粉/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料的路用性能及动态力学特性,并与硬质20#高模量沥青混合料及SBS改性沥青混合料进行对比。结果表明,胶粉/SBS复合改性高模量沥青混合料的水稳定性、高低温性能、抗疲劳性能及动态模量值更优,且各项指标满足高模量沥青混合料要求。     

The effects of using lime and styrene–butadiene–styrene on moisture sensitivity resistance of hot mix asphalt

This study focuses on determining the effects of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) and using mineral filler with lime on various properties of hot mix asphalt especially moisture damage resistance. The asphalt cement was modified with 2%, 4% and 6% SBS. The lime treated mixtures containing 2% lime by weight of the total aggregate as filler. The physical and mechanical properties of polymer modified binder and binder–aggregate mixes were evaluated through their fundamental engineering properties such as dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), rotational viscosimeter (RV) for binders, Marshall stability, stiffness modulus, indirect tensile strength and moisture susceptibility for mixes. The retained Marshall stability (RMS) and tensile strength ratio (TSR) values were calculated to determine the resistance of mixtures to moisture damage. To investigate clearly the effective of SBS and lime seven freeze–thaw cycle was applied to specimens at TSR test. The results indicate that application of SBS modified binders and lime as mineral filler one by one improves the stability, stiffness and strength characteristic of hot mix asphalt. According to retained Marshall stability it is concluded that addition of only 2% lime have approximately same effect with addition of 6% SBS. Using lime together within the SBS modified mixes exhibit high accordance and exacerbates the improvement of properties. Specimens containing both 2% lime and 6% SBS, have the highest stiffness modulus which is 2.3 times higher than those of the control mixture and showed the least reduction in tensile strength ratio while maintaining 0.70 tensile strength ratio after seven freeze–thaw cycle.     

不同试验方法的老化沥青疲劳性能研究

通过旋转薄膜烘箱试验(RTFOT)和压力老化试验(PAV),对70~#基质沥青、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性沥青、高黏沥青(HV)和基于化学改性原理的SBS/橡胶复合改性沥青(SRC)进行短期老化和长期老化,采用温度扫描试验、时间扫描试验、多重应力蠕变恢复(MSCR)试验和线性振幅扫描(LAS)试验对4种沥青的疲劳性能进行了研究.结果表明:SRC沥青的疲劳性能和抗老化能力最佳;温度扫描试验不能很好地区分不同沥青的疲劳性能差异;时间扫描试验可有效表征4种沥青的疲劳性能,但其耗时较长;MSCR试验中出现了平均弹性恢复率(R_(0.1)和R_(3.2))在长期老化之后大于短期老化之后的情况,其指标规律性和适用的沥青范围尚不明确;LAS试验可以表征沥青在重复荷载作用下的累积损伤发展过程,得到的损伤特征曲线和疲劳方程可有效评价各种沥青的疲劳性能.     

Effect of polyester resin additive on the properties of asphalt binders and mixtures

The properties of AC-5 control asphalt binder, mixture containing the same asphalt were compared with the properties of AC-10 asphalt binder modified by 0.75%, 1%, 2%, and 3% of polyester resin (PR), mixture containing pure AC-10 and AC-10 modified by 0.75% of PR, respectively.Initial research was done to determine the physical properties of unmodified and PR modified asphalt binders. The AC-10 asphalt binder modified by 0.75% of PR had good results compared to AC-5 control asphalt binder and all other modified binders, and hence this modified binder as well as unmodified binders were used to prepare Marshall samples for Marshall stability and flow, indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM), indirect tensile strength (ITS) and creep stiffness tests.The results of investigation indicate that AC-10 + 0.75% PR binder has better physical properties than AC-5 control asphalt binder and, at the same time, PR improves mechanical properties of asphalt mixture.     

Effects of aging on the properties of modified asphalt binder with flame retardants

Effects of aging on the properties of asphalt binders modified by incorporating Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene (SBS) and flame retardants (FR) were studied. Asphalt binders were artificially aged in the rolling thin film oven (RTFOT) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV). The flame retardancy of modified asphalt binders were characterized using limited oxygen index (LOI), and the effects of aging on the properties of asphalt binders were studied using Brookfield viscometer test and dynamic shear rheometer test. Experimental results indicated that the flame retardancy of asphalt binder was increased after aging. But the increasing amount of LOI is low when the modified asphalt binder containing more flame retardants. The variation of the LOI, softening point, penetration, ductility and viscosity of asphalt binder decreased with flame retardant content increasing, meaning the flame retardants can improve the thermo-oxidative aging resistance of asphalt binder. Furthermore, the G^*/sin δ, stiffness and m-value of flame retardant modified asphalt binders display smaller changes after two different aging.     

Starch as a modifier for asphalt paving materials

This paper investigates the viability of using starch (ST) as a new modifier for asphalt paving materials. Different ratios of ST (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% by weight of asphalt) were blended with 70/100 paving grade asphalt. Unmodified and modified asphalt binders were subjected to physicochemical, alkali, acid and fuel resistance tests. The performance tests including, Marshall stability, Marshall Quotient (MQ), tensile strength, tensile strength ratio, flexural strength, rutting resistance and resilient modulus (MR) were carried out on unmodified and modified stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures. The analyses of test results show that the performance of ST-modified asphalt mixtures are better than conventional and styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified mixtures. The rutting potential, moisture susceptibility and temperature susceptibility can be reduced by the inclusion of ST in the asphalt mixture. The laboratory MR values are lower than the calculated ones using the empirical equations. The results also revealed that this modifier can be used as anti-stripping agent. It also shows resistance to fuels and most common chemicals. A ST content of 5% by weight of asphalt is recommended for the improvement of the performance of asphalt concrete mixtures similar to that investigated in this study.     

沥青自愈合行为的影响因素及评价方法

利用加入间歇时间的动态剪切流变试验,研究了沥青自愈合行为的影响因素及其评价方法.通过试验得到70#基质沥青和SBS I-C改性沥青在4种间歇时间、3种应变水平下的疲劳寿命,并采用能量耗散理论分析了试验过程,得到了耗散能变化率的坪值PV.根据坪值PV与间歇时间的关系,定义了不受间歇时间影响的评价指标自愈合速率HR,并采用自愈合率HI及自愈合速率HR评价了2种沥青在不同条件下的自愈合性能.研究发现:2种沥青的HI值均随间歇时间的增大而提高;HI及HR值均随着应变水平的增大而减小;SBS I-C改性沥青的自愈合指标优于70#基质沥青.     

Performance evaluation of a high durability asphalt binder and a high durability asphalt mixture for bridge deck pavements

This paper describes the results of laboratory and full-scale performance tests for a high durability asphalt binder (HDAB) and high durability asphalt mixture (HDAM) applicable to the wearing course in a bridge deck system. The HDAB was developed using a styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modifier and hydrocarbon for improving construction workability and resistance to fatigue cracking. Various binder tests were conducted on the HDAB, and test results showed that the resistance to fatigue and low temperature cracking of the HDAB increased significantly compared to that of the PG 64-22 and PG 76-22 binders. For the mixtures, the fatigue test results showed that the HDAM has a three times longer fatigue life than the SBS-modified asphalt mixture. It was also found that the HDAM has a higher resistance against moisture-induced damage. Results from full-scale accelerated testing on the bridge deck pavement system proved that the HDAM can significantly improve pavement performance.     

SBS改性剂与沥青的相容性分析

分别采用4303、LG501两种SBS改性剂与辽河90#基质沥青进行相容性试验。沥青胶浆性能结果表明两种改性剂与基质沥青相容性良好,在掺量一定的情况下,两种SBS改性剂制成的改性沥青的感温性能、高温稳定性能是4303优于LG501;低温延伸性LG501优于4303;弹性恢复、抗老化性两者性能相当。混合料性能试验结果表明,室内制成的改性沥青与成品改性沥青拌制混合料性能相当,在高温抗车辙方面稍优于取样改性沥青。