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1.
随着我国城市汽车保有量的逐年增多,城市中心街区的空气质量越来越引起人们关注。通过CFD数值模拟方法研究了4种不同屋顶形状对街区污染物流动与扩散的影响。结果表明,屋顶形状不同,街区空气流动轨迹会有明显变化。平顶建筑物污染物主要集中在街道峡谷中间,污染物浓度分布指数背风侧更高,而斜屋顶污染物主要集中在迎风侧,污染物浓度分布指数迎风侧更高,楼层越低,污染物浓度分布指数越高。  相似文献   

2.
建立了光伏建筑一体化系统中太阳电池组件自然通风冷却的理论模型,在运行环境、系统结构变化等情况下利用模型对太阳电池温度进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明,适宜的环境风速对太阳电池的散热能起到积极效果;0.30m的通风流道宽度在上海地区是BIPV中太阳电池一个合适的安装宽度。  相似文献   

3.
采用数值模拟和现场实验观测相结合的方法,对街道峡谷内汽车污染物的扩散规律进行研究。在进行数值模拟时,依据污染物对流扩散的基本理论,对不同风速下污染物的对流扩散特征进行模拟分析。将结果与现场观测结果进行比较,从而验证了数学模型的正确性,同时也获得了城市街道峡谷内污染物对流扩散规律。研究结果可为城市街道规划建设、建筑高度和密度控制、机动车尾气的排放控制和交通流量控制提供科学依据。  相似文献   

4.
讨论了紊流数值模拟的发展历史、现状及趋势。比较了各类紊流模型的优缺点及适用范围 ,并对特殊效应 (曲率、近壁区 )的处理作了介绍和评述。为了提高模型的预报能力 ,多重尺度和非线性模型正逐步应用于工程计算。随着计算机的发展 ,大涡和直接数值模拟也取得了一些研究成果  相似文献   

5.
为了解光伏太阳能电池板在有无肋片下的自然冷却过程中的散热情况,对其进行了数值模拟研究,着重分析了肋片及其与风道的组合结构对背板散热的强化效果.研究结果表明,在室外温度、环境风速和电池板发热量均相同的前提下,在背板处设置肋片和肋片与风道组合结构均能够有效改善散热效果,同时,仅在背板处设置肋片时的散热效果最好.  相似文献   

6.
采用计算燃烧学的原理和模型以及CFD软件对燃烧煤气的阳极焙烧炉炉内的流动和燃烧过程进行了数值模拟计算,讨论了炉内温度场、流场、O2浓度场的分布规律,分析了这些因素对阳极炭块焙烧质量的影响。研究表明,在设计阳极焙烧炉时应考虑对气流分布有影响的各种因素。  相似文献   

7.
坦克动力舱内三维空气流动数值模拟   总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17  
建立了坦克动力舱内三维空气流动数学模型,应用k—ε双方程湍流模型描述湍流流动,冷却风扇局部区域处的空气流动以旋转坐标系控制方程求解;将散热器芯部作为多孔介质处理,采用非结构化网格与网格自适应技术实施区域离散化。数值算例的结果显示,这种数值模拟方法可以用于坦克动力舱内的空气流动分析。  相似文献   

8.
在规则建筑群内,考虑建筑底层的架空设计,利用realizable kε紊流模型数值模拟了6种工况下的风场和污染物浓度场,并采用时均风速比MVR、风速面积占比ARSi和无量纲浓度K等指标对行人高度处的风环境和污染物浓度进行了评价。建筑底层的架空设计能有效增加行人高度处的MVR,上游建筑的架空对MVR的增加效果更显著。架空设计能减小低风速ARSi,增加中风速和中高风速ARSi,当建筑群中有2列及以上的建筑采用架空设计时,ARSi的改善效果更好。当污染源位于建筑群上游地面时,架空设计对行人高度处的K分布影响不大,架空导致的回流使得污染物难以扩散至建筑群内,还会因其架空导致紧邻污染源的建筑迎风面行人高度处的K显著变小。  相似文献   

9.
选取规则的高层建筑群,数值模拟了7种建筑高度布排下目标域内行人高度处的风场和污染物浓度场。建筑高度对风场和污染物浓度场有显著的影响,当域内建筑与周围建筑高度相同时,行人高度处的风速较小而污染物浓度在所有工况中最大;当域内建筑高度采用渐次或交错变化的布排方式且至少有1排建筑高度是周围建筑的2倍时,行人高度处的风速明显增强而污染物浓度变小;在域内建筑高度渐次增加的工况下,地面附近风速均匀且最强而污染物浓度最低。行人高度处的主流方向大多与来流方向一致或相反,与来流垂直方向的流动相对较弱。对流情况基本决定了污染物的分布特点,受地面回流和污染源位置的影响,7种工况下污染物浓度均较低。  相似文献   

10.
在考虑污染物扩散影响因素自身物理特性的基础上,提出一种新的时空插值方法线性反距离时空插值方法,但线性反距离时空插值结果与污染物扩散实测结果存在一定误差。因此利用遗传算法对线性反距离时空插值方法进行优化得到指数时空插值方法。实例应用结果表明,基于遗传算法优化的指数时空插值方法的预测精度较单一时空插值方法提高约10%,且计算时间更短,能够为突发性水污染预警系统提供一种新思路。  相似文献   

11.
三维横向紊动射流流场结构的数值分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
郭婷婷  李少华  徐忠 《动力工程》2004,24(2):244-248
对横向紊动射流流场结构、流动机理的研究具有重要的学术意义.同时对解决工程应用中存在的许多问题具有指导作用。利用RNG模型对横流中单股紊动射流流场的流动特性进行了数值模拟。运用SIMPLEC算法求解了适体坐标系下的控制方程.壁面函数法处理近壁区流动。得到了射流与主气流速度比为2和4的流场。结果表明:较大的射流速度对主气流流场影响大;射流内部已形成明显的反向涡旋对(CVP);射流喷孔上游处出现了主气流向喷孔内部流动的趋势;射流喷孔背风侧存在尾迹区。图7表1参10  相似文献   

12.
LRN (low-Reynolds number) modifications to the NR (Norris-Reynolds) k-equation turbulence model are proposed and evaluated. The k and e that render the hybrid time scale are determined using the k-transport equation together with the Bradshaw and other algebraic relations. The eddy-viscosity coefficient Cμ and the empirical damping function are constructed such as to preserve the anisotropic characteristics of turbulence for application to non-equilibrium turbulent flows. The MNR (modified NR) model is applied to calculate two well-documented flows, yielding predictions in good agreement with the DNS (direct numerical simulation) and experimental data. Comparisons demonstrate that the MNR model offers a significant improvement over the original NR model and competitiveness with the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model. The performance evaluation dictates that unlike the original NR model, the MNR model can be employed as a single-equation model instead of associating it with the two-layer model of turbulence.  相似文献   

13.
张振  苏欣荣  袁新 《动力工程学报》2024,44(9):1459-1465
由于气膜冷却问题中湍流的复杂特性,传统雷诺平均(RANS)方法会低估湍流的热扩散强度,导致冷却效果计算不准确.对此提出了一套基于物理信息神经网络(PINN)的湍流建模框架,基于RANS流场和大涡模拟(LES)温度场,建立了数据驱动的湍流普朗特数神经网络模型,在RANS求解器中嵌入该模型,可以动态调整湍流的热扩散强度,获得了与LES高度一致的温度场.结果表明:PINN是构建数据驱动湍流模型的良好方法,对于湍流普朗特数的建模可以有效提升RANS方法对温度预测的准确性.  相似文献   

14.
    
In the present study, the natural convective heat transfer in the turbulent flow of water/CuO nanofluid with volumetric radiation and magnetic field inside a tall enclosure has been numerically investigated. The thermophysical properties of nanofluid have been considered variable with temperature and the effects of Brownian motion of nanoparticles have been considered. The main objective of this work is an investigation of the effect of using water/CuO nanofluid and presence of magnetic field on turbulent natural convection in three types of enclosures (vertical, inclined, and horizontal) by considering the volumetric radiation. The governing equations on turbulent flow domain under the influence of the magnetic field and by considering the combination of volumetric radiation and natural convection have been solved by a coupled algorithm. For validating the present research, a comparison has been carried out with the laminar natural convection flow under the influence of the magnetic field and radiation effects and also, the natural turbulent convection flow of previous studies and a proper coincidence has been achieved. The results indicated that by increasing volume fraction and Hartmann number the average Nusselt number enhances and reduces, respectively. By adding 1% CuO nanoparticles to the base fluid, heat transfer improves from 10.59% to 17.05%. However, by increasing the volume fraction from 1% to 4%, heat transfer improves from 1.35% to 4.90%. By increasing Hartmann number from 0 to 600, heat transfer reduces from 9.29% to 22.07%. Also, the results show that the ratio of deviation angle of the enclosure to the horizontal surface has considerable effects on heat transfer performance. Therefore, in similar conditions, the inclined enclosure with a deviation angle of 45° compared to the vertical and horizontal enclosure has better thermal performance.  相似文献   

15.
选取标准k-ε模型、realizable k-ε模型、重整化群(RNG)k-ε模型和剪切应力传输(SST)k-ω模型分别对街道峡谷水槽模型试验的时均速度和脉动强度进行了数值模拟,并依据文献给出的试验数据定性比较了各紊流模型的预测能力;按模型预测值应满足的基本和较高要求共给出6个定量评价指标(IFAC2、IFB、IFAC...  相似文献   

16.
    
The current study aims to numerically investigate the entropy generation during the natural convection flow of air in a square cavity. The governing equations for the conservation of mass, momentum, energy, and turbulence are solved using a control volume-based technique employing the commercial code Fluent. Runs have been performed for both laminar and turbulent flow regimes by varying the Rayleigh number (Ra) from 103 to 1010. On the other hand, various viscous distribution coefficients (ϕ = 10−4, 10−3, and 10−2) and constant Prandtl number (Pr = 0.71) were considered. Given the conflicting perspectives in the literature regarding the entropy generation under turbulent regimes, more research is needed to better understand the impact that the fluctuating flow has on entropy production. The four terms of entropy generation inherent to turbulent natural convection (entropy generation due to dissipation in the mean and the fluctuating velocity fields in addition to the heat flux due to the mean and the fluctuating temperature) are computed in the present work and compared to calculations based on only mean values of temperature and velocity gradients. It was found that taking into account the fluctuating terms of temperatures and velocities augment the total entropy generation by 10.10%, 14.43%, and, 17.70%, up to 32.60%, respectively, for Ra = 5 × 108, Ra = 109, Ra = 1.58 × 109, and Ra = 1010. The gain shows the tendency to increase with the Rayleigh number. Thus, the fluctuating terms cannot be neglected particularly for high Rayleigh numbers. Furthermore, unlike entropy production due to the mean flow field, numerical outcomes reveal that the generated irreversibilities due to fluctuating flow are located around the upper hot and the lower cold corners of the heated walls. In addition, a numerical relationship between the first and the second laws of thermodynamics has been derived. A promising result that emerged from this study has shown that the Nusselt number and therefore the first law of thermodynamics is sufficient to estimate the heat part of entropy generation without the necessity of using the second law.  相似文献   

17.
新型蓄热式镁还原炉内流场的数值模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
程奇伯  冯俊小  孙志斌 《工业加热》2006,35(6):14-15,36
用大型软件fluent,采用-双方程模型对新型炼镁炉内湍流流场进行数值模拟,分析了炉内气体扩散过程、流场分布以及炉内流场对燃烧过程的影响。结果表明,这种新型的镁还原炉可以获得很好的流场来满足镁还原工作要求。  相似文献   

18.
倾斜射流对移动平板表面紊动和传热特性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用雷诺应力湍流模型和Simplic算法对半封闭槽道内倾斜射流冲击移动平板的流动和传热特性进行了数值模拟,研究了不同射流角度和不同平板移动速度下平板近壁湍动能和板面努塞尔数的变化.结果表明:射流角度和平板运动速度对平板近壁湍动能和表面努塞尔数值分布影响显著;当入射角与平板运动方向相同时,板速的升高提高了近壁面的湍动能,但是降低了冲击区域的局部努塞尔数值;平板表面的平均努塞尔数值随板速的提高先降低后大幅升高,高速下角度对平板表面的平均传热效果影响较小;当入射角为80°,平板运动方向与入射方向相反且板速和射流速度相同时,在移动平板表面能够获得较佳的紊动和传热效果.  相似文献   

19.
障碍物管道中湍流火焰发展的数值模拟   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
应用湍流马赫数修正的非稳态可压缩性K-ε-f-gr四方程湍流模型,模拟了半开口狭长管道中重复布置的障碍物引起的湍流火焰加速现象。结果表明,障碍物产生的扰动对加强燃烧和湍流输运的影响很大。随着火焰向前传播,火焰穿过障碍物时发生变形,反应区越来越长,且火焰速度逐渐上升。同时,火焰速度和管内压力的计算结果与实验测量值吻合良好,修正后的湍流模型能较真实地模拟障碍物管内预混火焰的发展过程。  相似文献   

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