基于H.264码流的无参考视频质量评价模型

对视频进行质量评价时,为了不对视频序列完全解码,论文提出了一种基于H.264码流的无参考视频评价模型。该模型只需从码流中解析视频的量化参数、编码比特率和"跳跃"块等信息。论文首先确定了量化参数和主观质量之间的关系,然后分析视频的时间复杂度和空间复杂度,最终利用人眼的空间掩盖效应和时间掩盖效应建立一个能反映人眼视觉特性的视频质量评估模型。实验表明该模型计算出的视频序列的质量和视频的主观质量评价有很好的相关性,能用于对H.264视频进行质量评价。     

基于H.264码流的全参考视频传输质量评价

宽带无线网络多媒体业务的迅速发展,移动通信设备生产厂家及运营商等需要对无线视频质量进行评价。该文章提出一种基于H.264码流的全参考视频传输质量评价方法,直接从码流中提取特征参数,以统计回归的方法建立特征参数与模型公式各参数之间的关系,建立评分模型得到不同视频的客观评价分数。     

一种基于量化的H.264视频水印算法

由于H.264标准视频提供了极高的压缩效率和更好的视觉质量,很快在数字视频格式中流行起来,因此基于H.264的视频版权保护和认证在不断增加。本文提出了一种基于H.264视频标准的视频盲水印算法,算法针对H.264码流中I帧,通过读取码流数据得到原始宏块图像信息,在8*8的DCT块里选取中频的四个系数,以量化这四个系数的相对大小作为水印嵌入。这样的嵌入方式对系数的改动幅度小;同时系数之间关系相对稳定。这样不仅提高了不可见性,又保证了很强的鲁棒性。实验结果表明:本算法对多种攻击有很好的鲁棒性,同时能保持很高的视觉质量。     

一种基于信道状态的H.264的数据不平等保护策略

根据H.264标准的数据分类功能,提出一种数据的不平等保护策略。该策略利用信道的反馈信息预测信道丢包率,调整H.264视频码流各分类区的信道码率。实验结果表明,该策略能有效的提高视频码流的误码鲁棒性。     

一种H.264/AVC over MPEG-2流的解决方案

对如何将H．264／AVC视频流经MPEG-2的系统传输层传输提出了一种解决方案。要点是：先把H．264／AVC视频作为MPEG-2系统层传输的基本流，然后扩展MPEG-2标准中的传输流系统目标解码器（T-STD），使之可以将H．264／AVC编码视频作为MPEG．2传输流（TS）在Internet上传输和解码。被解码的基本流通常来自于一个“容器”文件（如AVI或者TS），在客户端从服务器端的这个容器中取出H．264／AVC基本流后便可实时解码、显示。仿真实验表明，该方案能够获得较好的流视频效果，在带宽受限的情况下信噪比低于40dB的帧数少于5％，可用于网络流视频或移动视频中。     

多标准视频编码器的性能评价研究*

针对目前视频编码标准和视频编码器较多,缺乏统一评价标准和客观评价结果的问题,提出了使用视频质量、编码速度、码率节省百分比、内存占用等指标相结合的评价体系,同时给出了评测平台的搭建方法。采用多个不同的公开视频序列为测试源,选取常见的H.264/MPEG- AVC, H.265/MPEG-HEVC, VP8, VP9标准和基于小波的Hitav对应的编码器搭建评测平台对各编码器进行了性能评价实验。实验表明H.265和VP9在视频质量,码流节省方面表现优异,但复杂度过高;H.264复杂度低且在低分辨率和简单视频场景表现优异;Hitav对高分辨高复杂度视频序列处理较好。结果表明提出的评价体系和测试平台搭建方法可以很好的用于视频编码器的性能评价。     

一种基于信道状态的H．264的数据不平等保护策略

根据H．264标准的数据分类功能,提出一种数据的不平等保护策略。该策略利用信道的反馈信息预测信道丢包率,调整H．264视频码流各分类区的信道码率。实验结果表明,该策略能有效的提高视频码流的误码鲁棒性。     

H．264压缩域中利用Biased-SVM检测镜头边界

为了直接从H．264码流中检测镜头边界,提出了利用H．264压缩域多特征和Biased—SVM（不平衡支持向量机）分类算法的检测方法。分析帧类型、宏块类型、运动矢量、帧内预测模式等信息,以获得发生镜头突变和渐变的特征。针对镜头边界帧的数量远少于视频帧总数的特点,用Biased—SVM分类方法将视频帧分为突变帧、渐变帧和非镜头边界帧。在TRECVID视频集上的实验结果表明,与其他H．264压缩域的算法相比,该算法有更好的性能。     

H.264码流结构的分析

H.264是新一代视频编码标准,具有广泛的应用前景。本文主要研究了H.264码流的问题。首先,介绍了H.264的简单框架;其次,对码流结构进行了分析,并概括出了码流结构图;最后,结合一个简单试验,给出了从H.264码流中取得图像宽度和高度的方法。     

基于多尺寸特征融合的快速转码算法

为了降低H.264转码器的运算复杂度,满足视频转码实时应用的要求,提出一种结合多尺寸视频特征的快速视频转码帧内预测算法。首先利用二维直方图提取小尺寸视频中宏块的空间特性,结合双阈值的方法,选择Intra 16×16或Intra 4×4模式。然后从输入的视频码流中提取编码信息组成多维特征向量训练支持向量机(SVM)分类器模型,通过SVM建立大尺寸视频编码信息与小尺寸视频宏块编码模式之间的联系,进而对Intra 4×4中的9种模式进行细分。此算法减少了预测模式数量,实现率失真优化算法的提前终止,在高效转码的同时保证了转码后视频的高质量。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.