基于图像优化局部保留投影的人脸表情识别

提出了一种基于图像优化局部保留投影的人脸表情识别方法。该算法在降维过程中将图像结构信息融入到LPP目标函数中,称之为GOLPP。与LPP不同,GOLPP通过降维处理,获得图像结构信息的同时将投影最优化,这样可从原始表情数据中提取更具判决性的表情信息。基于JAFFE和CED-WYU（1.0）两个表情数据库的识别结果表明,基于GOLPP的特征提取方法能有效地提高识别率。     

保局投影在图像隐密检测中的应用

为解决图像隐密检测中图像特征维数过高导致的"维数灾难"问题,在保持图像特征内在低维结构的基础上降低特征向量的维数,方便构造更有效的分类器,提出了一种基于保局投影(locality preserving projections,LPP)降维的图像隐密检测算法,对待测图像进行小波变换形成图像特征后,利用LPP算法实现对图像高维特征的降维,得到图像特征集的低维流形.使用支持向量机(SVM)算法将降维后的特征映射到分类特征空间,实现对正常图像和隐密图像分类.实验结果表明,与不使用降维算法的检测方案相比,基于LPP降维的检测算法能够显著地提高检测的准确率.     

基于局部二元模式的人脸表情识别

提出了一种基于局部二元模式（LBP）和局部保全投影（LPP）相结合的面部表情识别方法。使用LBP算子对图像分块处理,综合人脸局部和整体的特征;再使用LPP对表情特征降维,最后采用支持向量机对面部表情分类。在日本女性人脸表情库上实验表明,本文提出的方法有更好的识别率和更快的识别速度。     

基于局部保持投影的人脸超分辨率方法研究

通常,人脸图像能够看作是嵌入到高维空间中的低维流形的点的集合。流形学习被用于很多降维方法中,局部保持投影（LPP）便是其中的一种。针对局部保持投影方法进行了研究,将局部保持投影算法融入到超分辨率方法中,并将其结合到人脸图像的复原上。介绍现有的基于LPP的人脸图像的超分辨率算法。     

基于Curvelet及LPP的人脸识别算法

基于人脸图像的曲线奇异性及高维图像数据带来的计算复杂性．提出一种结合Curvelet变换与LPP的人脸识别方法。首先通过Curvelet变换对人脸图像降维,利用LPP将图像投影到最优子空间中,利用支持向量机进行分类识别,实验结果表明该算法的识别效果优于小波变换结合LPP方法、LPP方法。     

基于自适应最近邻的局部保持投影算法

局部保持投影（LPP）是一种新的数据降维技术,但其本身是一种非监督学习算法,对于分类问题效果不是太好。基于自适应最近邻,结合LPP算法,提出了一种有监督的局部保持投影算法（ANNLPP）。该方法通过修改LPP算法中的权值矩阵,在降维的同时,增加了类别信息,是一种有监督学习算法。通过二维数据可视化和UMIST、ORL 人脸识别实验,表明该方法对于分类问题具有较好的降维效果。     

基于改进的自适应局部保持投影算法的人脸识别

局部保持投影(LPP)通过构造近邻图来保持样本的局部结构,在构造近邻图的过程中,LPP会遇到两个参数K和σ的选择问题。近邻图的构建对算法的识别效果起着重要的作用,因而这两个参数的选择会在很大程度上影响LPP的识别率。为了避免参数的选择对识别率造成影响,提出了一种基于改进的自适应局部保持投影的人脸识别算法。首先,构造无参数的近邻图,其能够自适应地选取样本的近邻点并确定其相应的边权。其次,由于在计算过程中出现了矩阵维数过高的问题,因此采用QR分解进行降维处理。最后,利用共轭正交化使得投影轴具有统计不相关性,以降低特征矢量间的统计相关性,提高识别率。在ORL人脸库和YALE人脸库上进行了实验,结果表明改进的算法在识别率方面整体上好于LPP算法、DLPP算法、LMMC算法。     

2DPCA+2DLDA和改进的LPP相结合的人脸识别算法

针对局部保持投影（LPP）算法无监督且只保留局部信息的特性,提出一种2DPCA+2DLDA和改进的LPP相结合的人脸识别算法。将训练集样本用2DPCA+2DLDA算法进行投影,保留数据整体空间信息和分类信息;引入类内、类间信息对LPP算法的关系矩阵进行优化,使LPP成为有监督的非线性学习方法,采用改进的LPP（ILPP）算法对训练集图像进行二次投影,提取样本的局部流形信息,并作为人脸识别信息进行鉴别。在Yale和ORL人脸库的测试结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于Gabor变换与改进SLLE的人脸表情识别

本文通过Gabor变换进行人脸表情图像的特征提取,并利用局部线性嵌入（LLE）系列算法进行数据降维操作.LLE算法是一种非线性降维算法,它可以使得降维后的数据保持原有的拓扑结构,在人脸表情识别中有广泛的应用.因为LLE算法没有考虑样本的类别信息,因此有了监督的局部线性嵌入（SLLE）算法.但是SLLE算法仅仅考虑了样本的类别信息却没有考虑到各种表情之间的关系,因此本文提出一种改进的SLLE算法,该算法认为中性表情是其他各种表情的中心.在JAFFE库上进行人脸表情识别实验结果表明,相比LLE算法和SLLE算法,该算法获得了更好的人脸表情识别率,是一种有效算法.     

优化局部保留投影及其在表情识别中的应用

提出一种基于优化局部保留投影(OLPP)的人脸表情识别方法。OLPP方法在降维过程中将图像结构信息融入LPP目标函数,通过降维处理,在获得图像结构信息的同时将投影最优化,从而能从原始表情数据中提取更多更具判决性的有效表情信息。JAFFE和CED- WYU(1.0)2个表情数据库的识别结果表明,基于OLPP的特征提取方法能有效提高识别率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。