稳态热传导结构非概率可靠性拓扑优化设计

研究具有区间参数的稳态热传导结构在散热弱度非概率可靠性约束下的拓扑优化设计问题。建立了以单元相对导热系数为设计变量,导热材料体积极小化为目标函数,满足散热弱度非概率可靠性为约束条件的稳态热传导结构的拓扑优化设计数学模型。基于区间因子法,推导出散热弱度的均值及离差的计算表达式。采用渐进结构优化法的求解策略与方法,并利用过滤技术消除优化过程中的数值不稳定性现象。通过算例验证文中模型及求解策略、方法的合理性和有效性。     

基于ICM法的传热结构周期性拓扑优化设计

为了获得复合材料稳态导热性优化微结构构型,基于独立连续映射法,建立了周期性结构拓扑优化模型。在优化模型中,以重量最小化为目标、散热弱度为约束。采用一阶泰勒展开近似表达散热弱度约束函数。基于偏微分方程实施的图像过滤方法消除了棋盘格现象和网格依赖性问题。为了满足周期性约束,设计区域划分为若干相同大小的子区域,散热弱度贡献系数被重新分配。对比分析循环周期数、不同约束载荷工况下的拓扑优化构型。数值算例结果验证提出方法可以有效实现热传导下的复合材料微结构优化设计。     

以动柔度为目标的结构阻尼材料层拓扑优化

为讨论附加阻尼材料层壳体结构在受简谐激励作用时阻尼材料最优分布,采用类似SIMP方法的人工阻尼材料模型构造拓扑优化模型。设计目标为给定阻尼材料用量最小化的结构动柔度,以阻尼材料相对密度作为设计变量。对结构呈现非比例阻尼特性,采用在状态空间下降阶后的复模态叠加法计算结构稳态响应及动柔度。优化过程中用伴随变量法对动柔度进行灵敏度分析。通过拓扑优化算例,验证所提模型及方法的合理性与有效性。     

非平稳激励下薄板结构减振附加阻尼层的拓扑优化

讨论了附加阻尼层的薄板结构在非平稳随机力作用下以减振为目标的阻尼材料层的拓扑优化问题。建立了以阻尼材料的相对密度为设计变量,以结构非平稳响应位移方差最小化为目标和阻尼材料用量为约束条件的拓扑优化模型。由于结构受到非平稳随机激励作用,其随机响应可以采用时域显式法快速求解;随机响应方差对设计变量的灵敏度采用了基于伴随变量法的时域显式法进行分析,并采用优化准则法求解优化问题。数值算例验证了所提方法在非平稳随机激励作用下进行动力拓扑优化减振的可行性与有效性。     

基于宏观性能的微观多孔材料拓扑优化

基于均匀化理论,建立与微观材料拓扑形状相关的宏观结构材料等效弹性张量。集成宏观结构所得到的位移场,推导出带有宏观结构力学特性的微观敏度。从而实现在给定材料体积分数前提下,以宏观结构最大刚度为目标,对材料微结构进行拓扑优化的目的。相关算例说明该方法可以得到与宏观力学性能相对应的各种微观结构蜂窝材料或复合材料。揭示了材料的微观结构拓扑形状依赖于宏观结构尺寸、载荷及初始边界条件等因素。     

基于等效静态载荷法的多相材料结构动态拓扑优化设计

为了满足多相材料结构动态性能要求,提出一种基于等效静态载荷法的多相材料结构动态拓扑优化设计方法。采用序列固体各向同性料插值模型惩罚刚度矩阵和质量矩阵,以多个动载荷作用的多相材料结构总动态柔顺度最小化为优化目标,以结构质量和成本为约束条件,构建多相材料结构动态拓扑优化模型,利用等效静态载荷法将多相材料结构动态拓扑优化问题转化为多工况下的多相材料结构静态拓扑优化问题,以降低灵敏度分析的复杂程度;采用移动渐近线算法求解多相材料结构动态拓扑优化问题。数值算例结果表明所提方法是有效性的,与传统的拓扑优化方法相比,基于等效静态载荷法的多相材料结构动态拓扑优化求解时间节省了75%,大大提高了计算效率;与单相材料拓扑优化结果相比,多相材料结构动态拓扑优化设计获得的结构具有更好的动态性能。     

周期性多材料结构稳态热传导拓扑优化设计

提出一种考虑周期性约束的多材料结构稳态热传导拓扑优化设计方法。针对多材料结构,提出基于有序有理近似材料属性模型（ordered rational approximation of material properties,Ordered-RAMP）的多材料插值模型。以结构散热弱度最小化为目标函数,体积为约束条件,将设计区域划分为有限个相同的子多材料区域。通过重新分配单元散热弱度基值,实现周期性几何约束,借助优化准则法推导设计变量的迭代格式。通过典型2D与3D数值算例,分析不同子区域个数对宏观结构与微观子区域多材料拓扑构型的影响。结果表明:所提方法可实现面向多材料结构的周期性微观构型设计,且各材料分布合理边界清晰,具有良好的稳健性;当子区域个数不同时,均可得到具有周期性的拓扑构型,且所获拓扑形式具有差异性。     

基于多分辨率-多边形单元建模策略的多材料结构动刚度拓扑优化方法

利用多边形有限单元的高精度求解优势,融合多分辨率拓扑优化方法,实现粗糙位移网格条件下的高分辨率构型设计,由此提出多材料结构动刚度问题的拓扑优化方法。将多边形单元(位移场求解单元)劈分为精细的小单元,构造设计变量与密度变量的重叠网格,形成多分辨率-多边形单元的优化建模策略;以平均动柔度最小化为目标和多材料的体积占比为约束,建立多材料结构的动力学拓扑优化模型,通过HHT-α方法求解结构动响应,采用伴随变量法推导目标函数和约束的灵敏度表达式,利用基于敏度分离技术的ZPR设计变量更新方案构建多区域体积约束问题的优化迭代格式;通过典型数值算例分析优化方法的可行性和动态载荷作用时间对优化结果的影响机制。     

考虑热振特性的连续体结构拓扑优化设计

为实现传热和振动条件下连续体结构的拓扑优化设计,以结构散热弱度最小化和动态特征值最大化加权函数为目标,建立传热和振动条件下连续体结构的多目标拓扑优化模型,实现了相应的算法和算例。方法中采用Rational Approximation of Material Properties(RAMP)方法对密度进行惩罚,利用优化准则法控制设计目标与材料分布,以敏度过滤技术抑制棋盘格效应,通过归一化目标函数有效地避免了不同性质目标函数的量级差异。通过算例,获得了热-振权重系数对结构拓扑构型和目标函数(宏观结构的散热弱度和基频)的影响规律,算例结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

考虑载荷不确定性的多材料结构稳健拓扑优化

传统的拓扑优化设计通常基于单材料与确定性条件,往往难以兼顾结构性能的稳健性。针对实际工程中载荷不确定性问题,研究多材料结构稳健拓扑优化设计方法。基于有序各向同性微结构材料惩罚模型法(Ordered-Solid Isotropic Microstructures with Penalization, Ordered-SIMP),进行多材料插值模型表征。构建载荷概率分布条件下结构柔度均值与标准差的加权目标函数,辅以体积约束。针对载荷满足随机场分布时,采用Karhunen-Loève展开将载荷随机场变换为有限个不相关的载荷随机变量加权和,并借助稀疏网格数值积分方法,将多材料结构稳健拓扑优化转化为求解一组多工况加权多目标确定性拓扑优化设计问题。通过数值算例验证所提方法的有效性与优化结果的稳健性。结果表明:针对不同材料组合方案,均能有效获得良好的多材料拓扑构型;与确定性设计相比较,稳健设计具有不同的材料布局方案,且结构性能更加稳定。     

Topology optimization of multi-material for the heat conduction problem based on the level set method

This article presents a numerical approach of topology optimization with multiple materials for the heat conduction problem. The multiphase level set model is used to implicitly describe the geometric boundaries of material regions with different conductivities. The model of multi-material representation has no emergence of the intermediate density. The optimization objective is to construct the optimal heat conductive paths which improve the efficiency of heat transfer. The dissipation of thermal transport potential capacity is taken as the objective function. The sensitivity analysis is implemented by the adjoint variable method, which is the foundation of constructing the velocity field of the level set equation. The optimal result is gradually realized by the evolution of multi-material boundaries, and the topological changes are naturally handled during the optimization process. Finally, the numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method for topology optimization of the heat conduction problem.     

Temperature-constrained topology optimization of thermo-mechanical coupled problems

Temperature-constrained topology optimization for thermo-mechanical coupled problems under a design-dependent temperature field considering the thermal expansion effect remains an open problem. A temperature-constrained topology optimization method is proposed for thermo-mechanical coupled problems. In this article, the temperature values at the heat sources are constrained. The numerical results reveal that the temperature constraints play an important role in topology optimization of thermo-mechanical coupled problems. The optimized structure obtained by the presented method not only has certain strength but also decreases the temperature significantly compared with structures obtained by other methods without considering temperature constraints. The proposed method is applied to the design of the cooling system of a battery package. Numerical examples verify the efficiency of the presented method.     

一种非连续介质中热传导过程的数值模拟方法

传统热传导的分析基于连续模型,无法刻画热量在两个接触体之间的传递。该文提出了一种非连续介质中热传导过程的数值计算方法,并编制了相应的C++计算程序。该方法首先将计算域离散为一系列的块体,块体内部划分若干连续介质单元,块体边界设定为潜在接触界面,并利用半弹簧-半棱联合接触模型进行接触对的快速检索及标记。每个块体内部的热传导采用传统连续模型进行计算(该文采用有限体积法),每个接触界面采用点面接触型及棱棱接触型热传导模型进行描述。通过调整接触界面热传导系数中的刚度因子,可以实现接触界面对热传导过程不同的抵抗效应。数值算例表明,该文所述方法可以较为准确地模拟热量在非连续介质中的传递过程;接触界面上的刚度因子越大,界面对热传导过程的抵抗效应越小;当刚度因子大于100,界面抵抗效应基本消失,非连续介质的计算结果与连续介质的计算结果完全一致;此外,接触界面上的刚度因子仅影响热传导的瞬态过程,而不影响其稳态解。     

双曲传热反问题研究

该文建立了双曲妈传热正/反问题求解模型,应用高斯-牛顿方法,对辐射边界进行了识别.空间上采用等参元进行离散,时域上采用时域精细算法进行离散,利用测量信息和计算信息构造最小二乘函数,将多宗量反演识别问题转化为一个优化问题,所建模型可对导热系数和辐射边界等宗量进行有效的单一和组合识别.给出了相关的数值验证,对信息测量误差作...     

瞬态热传导区间反演分析

基于区间有限元和矩阵摄动理论, 引入同伦技术, 建立了瞬态热传导不确定性区间参数反演识别的数值求解模式。利用测量信息和计算信息的区间残差构造同伦函数, 将反演识别问题转化为一个优化问题进行求解。时间域上, 引入时域精细算法进行离散, 空间上, 采用八节点等参元技术进行离散, 并结合区间有限元法, 建立了便于敏度分析的不确定性正反演数值模型。该模型不仅考虑了非均质和参数分布的影响, 而且也便于正演和反演问题的敏度分析, 可对导热系数和热边界条件等宗量的区间范围进行有效的单一和组合识别, 并给出了相关的数值算例。数值结果表明了所建数值模型的有效性和可行性, 并具有较高的计算精度。     

Inverse problem of simultaneously estimating the thermal conductivity and boundary shape

An inverse analysis is used to simultaneously estimate the thermal conductivity and the boundary shape in steady-state heat conduction problems. The numerical scheme consists of a body-fitted grid generation technique to mesh the heat conducting body and solve the heat conduction equation – a novel, efficient, and easy to implement sensitivity analysis scheme to compute the sensitivity coefficients, and the conjugate gradient method as an optimization method to minimize the mismatch between the computed temperature distribution on some part of the body boundary and the measured temperatures. Using the proposed scheme, all sensitivity coefficients can be obtained in one solution of the direct heat conduction problem, irrespective of the large number of unknown parameters for the boundary shape. The obtained results reveal the accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed algorithm.     

The method of fundamental solutions for inverse boundary value problems associated with the steady‐state heat conduction in anisotropic media

In this paper, the method of fundamental solutions is applied to solve some inverse boundary value problems associated with the steady‐state heat conduction in an anisotropic medium. Since the resulting matrix equation is severely ill‐conditioned, a regularized solution is obtained by employing the truncated singular value decomposition, while the optimal regularization parameter is chosen according to the L‐curve criterion. Numerical results are presented for both two‐ and three‐dimensional problems, as well as exact and noisy data. The convergence and stability of the proposed numerical scheme with respect to increasing the number of source points and the distance between the fictitious and physical boundaries, and decreasing the amount of noise added into the input data, respectively, are analysed. A sensitivity analysis with respect to the measure of the accessible part of the boundary and the distance between the internal measurement points and the boundary is also performed. The numerical results obtained show that the proposed numerical method is accurate, convergent, stable and computationally efficient, and hence it could be considered as a competitive alternative to existing methods for solving inverse problems in anisotropic steady‐state heat conduction. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

考虑静动力学特性的材料结构一体化多目标优化设计

针对复合材料微结构的内部构型和宏观排布的可设计性,以结构基频最大和柔度最小加权系数为目标,将微结构设计和多尺度计算结合,建立了考虑静动力学特性的材料/结构一体化多目标优化设计模型,实现了相应的算法和算例.方法中引入了微观和宏观两个尺度上的独立密度变量,采用RAMP(Rational Approximation ofMaterial Properties)方法对密度进行惩罚,利用有限元超单元技术建立材料与结构的联系,通过规一化目标函数有效避免了不同性质目标函数的量级差异.通过算例,获得了静动态权重系数对结构拓扑构型和目标函数(宏观结构的柔度和基频)的影响规律.研究结果表明:该方法是有效的,可作为对轻质结构进行静动态多目标优化设计的一种新方法.     

Structural design optimization on thermally induced vibration

The numerical method of design optimization for structural thermally induced vibration is originally studied in this paper and implemented in the software JIFEX. The direct and adjoint methods of sensitivity analysis for thermal‐induced vibration coupled with both linear and non‐linear transient heat conduction is firstly proposed. Based on the finite element method, the linear structural dynamics is treated simultaneously with linear and non‐linear transient heat conduction. In the heat conduction, the non‐linear factors include the radiation and temperature‐dependent materials. The sensitivity analysis of transient linear and non‐linear heat conduction is performed with the precise time integration method; and then, the sensitivity analysis of structural transient responses is performed by the Newmark method. Both the direct method and the adjoint method are employed to derive the sensitivity equations of thermal vibration. In the adjoint method, two adjoint vectors of structure and of heat conduction are used to derive the adjoint equations. The coupling effect of heat conduction on thermal vibration in the sensitivity analysis is particularly investigated. With the coupling sensitivity analysis, the optimization model is constructed and solved by the sequential linear programming or sequential quadratic programming algorithm. Numerical examples are given to validate the proposed methods and to demonstrate the importance of the coupled design optimization. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.