可膨胀石墨在膨胀型防火涂料中的应用及发展

介绍了可膨胀石墨的特性及其在膨胀型防火涂料中的应用特点,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

膨胀石墨协效剂在膨胀型阻燃涂料中的应用

介绍了膨胀型阻燃涂料的组成和阻燃机理,以及膨胀石墨协效剂在膨胀型阻燃涂料中的应用,并对阻燃技术的发展前景进行了展望。     

可膨胀石墨在膨胀型防火涂料中的性能研究

膨胀型防火涂料是防火涂料中的主要类型,具有低烟、少毒、无卤化的特点,受热时发生膨胀,生成导热系数较小的炭质层.延缓热量向基材的蔓延,呈高效的阻燃效果,为灭火赢得宝贵的时间,是实现阻燃剂无卤化的很有希望的途径之一,近年来已经被广泛用于建筑结构的防火处理。     

可膨胀石墨在膨胀型钢结构防火涂料中的应用研究

为了克服钢结构防火涂料膨胀发泡层蓬松易脱落和易开裂的缺点,采用可膨胀石墨来改善防火涂料发泡层的结构.研究了可膨胀石墨对发泡层形貌和钢结构耐火极限的影响.结果表明,可膨胀石墨膨胀后成"蠕虫"状穿插于发泡层中,起到增强作用,使炭质层结构更致密.采用膨胀容积为180 mL/g、粒径为0.18 mm、起始膨胀温度为150 ℃的可膨胀石墨时,当添加量为3%时具有较好的改性作用.     

可膨胀石墨在膨胀型钢结构防火涂料中的应用

为了改善钢结构防火涂料膨胀炭质层蓬松易脱落和易开裂的缺点,将可膨胀石墨(EG)添加到防火涂料中,通过耐火实验来研究EG对炭质层形貌和钢结构耐火极限的影响。结果表明,EG膨胀后成“蠕虫”状穿插于膨胀炭质层中,起到增强作用,使炭质层结构更致密。热分析结果表明,w(EG) =6 7%时,防火涂料在600℃时的热失重减少了7%;w(EG) =0 5%时,钢结构耐火极限延长了10min。     

水性超薄膨胀型防火涂料的制备与性能研究

以水性乳液为基体,化学膨胀与物理膨胀相结合的阻燃膨胀体系,其中聚磷酸铵(APP)、三聚氰胺(MEL)、双季戊四醇(DPE)为化学膨胀体系,可膨胀石墨(EG)、石英纤维为物理膨胀体系,制备水性超薄膨胀型防火涂料.考察了基体类型、膨胀阻燃体系配比对水性防火涂料防火性能的影响.结果表明,聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液与纯丙乳液质量为比1∶...     

MoO3与可膨胀石墨改性聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇/三聚氰胺防火涂料研究

采用MoO3、可膨胀石墨(EG)和MoO3/EG对APP/PER/MEL膨胀防火涂料进行改性,制备成改性涂料,运用隔热性能分析和热重分析(TGA)测试改性涂料的耐火极限和残碳率.结合扫描电镜分析结果,探讨MoO.EG和MoO3/EG对涂料耐火性能提高的途径分别为MoO3通过与APP/PER/MEL涂料体系作用提高了涂料残碳率;EG通过自身膨胀产生"蠕虫"结构显著改善了碳层结构;而MoO3/EG则通过MoO3和EG各自的作用,产生了明显的协同增效效果.     

可膨胀石墨改性氯醚树脂钢结构防火涂料的研究

以氯醚树脂、丙烯酸树脂为成膜物,聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)、三聚氰胺(EN)为阻燃发泡体系,通过添加可膨胀石墨,提高了防火涂料炭质层的质量和热稳定性.研制出一种具有良好的附着力、耐候性及阻燃性的超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料,该防火涂料遇火涂层发泡膨胀,形成具有一定高度的密实微孔状阻燃层.     

Fe_2O_3与可膨胀石墨对膨胀防火涂料热降解与防火性能的影响

研究了2种改性材料对膨胀防火涂料热降解和防火性能的影响。防火涂料由聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)-三聚氰胺(MEL)膨胀阻燃体系、两种树脂基体和溶剂组成。可膨胀石墨(EG)和氧化铁(Fe2O3)作为改性材料添加于涂料中,以提高涂料的防火性能和热稳定性。对于EG、Fe2O3和EG/Fe2O3对涂料防火性能、膨胀炭质层的热稳定性采用热质(TGA)、X-光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电镜(SEM)进行了系统的分析。实验结果表明:对于膨胀炭质层而言,Fe2O3提高了其热稳定性,EG影响了其微观结构,而EG/Fe2O3则结合了2种材料的优点使涂料的防火性能得到了进一步提高。     

水性膨胀型防火涂料的研制

采用聚有机硅氧烷乳液、自交联丙烯酸酯乳液和水溶性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂作为成膜剂,配合P—C—N膨胀阻燃体系,以聚磷酸铵（APP）为脱水催化剂、双季戊四醇（DPER）为碳化剂、三聚氰胺（MEL）为发泡剂,制备了一种水性膨胀型防火涂料。介绍了水性膨胀型防火涂料的阻燃性能、机械性能等。     

Effects of expandable graphite on char morphology and pyrolysis of epoxy based intumescent fire-retardant coating

The current study was designed to investigate the effects of expandable graphite (EG) on fire protection properties of intumescent fire-retardant coating for steel structures. Several formulations of intumescent coating were prepared and tested according to ISO 834 for char expansion. The chars were found without cracks and bonded with the steel substrate. The results showed that the coating slowly degraded during the test and char remained in contact with vertically tested coated substrate. The coated substrates were also tested for weather resistance using humid and ultraviolet environment. The char was characterized by using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and XPS analysis. FESEM examined char morphology of the coatings after furnace fire test. XRD and FTIR showed the presence of graphite, borophosphate; boron oxide and sassolite in the char. TGA and DTGA results disclosed that EG improved the residual mass of coating. XPS analysis showed the percentages of carbon and oxygen are 48.50 and 43.45 in char of formulation with 12.8% EG. The results of weathering test coatings showed decreased in char expansion because of a humidity and UV light. The formulation with 9.8% EG showed the maximum char expansion and high residual mass among the formulations investigated in this study. The weathering tested coated samples showed their capability of fire protection.     

Effect of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal degradation and weathering of intumescent fire-retardant coating

This research aims to study the effect of ammonium polyphosphate and expandable graphite on the intumescent coating formulations (ICF). The coating presented in this research article is based on carbon source expandable graphite (EG), blowing agent melamine, acid source ammonium polyphosphate (APP), epoxy resin as a binder with polyamide amine. The stability of the developed coating was verified at 950°C for 1-hour fire test. The results showed that the coating is stable and well bond with the steel substrate. The char was characterized by using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, DTA, TGA, XPS, Py-GCMS and Weathering Test. The morphology of the char was studied by SEM of the coating after furnace fire test. XRD and FTIR show the presence of graphite, borophosphate; boron oxide and sassolite in the residual char. TGA and DTG disclosed that EG improved the residual mass of coating. XPS analysis showed the char residue of IF5-APP-EG contains carbon and oxygen contents 47.50 and 40.70, respectively. Py-GCMS analysis described that the IF5-APP-EG released less gaseous compounds. The weathering test illustrated that's the char expansion of coatings samples was decreased due to the presence of a humid environment and UV light. The IF5-APP-EG showed the maximum char expansion, lower substrate temperature and high residual weight among the studied formulations.     

Effects of inorganic fillers on the performance of the water-based intumescent fire-retardant coating

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influences of filler type and its content on the performance of a water-based intumescent fire-retardant coating. Three fillers (vermiculite, celite, and aluminum hydroxide) were added to the intumescent paint formulation. The thermal and fire protective properties were studied with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), torch test, electrical furnace, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR). The results showed that adding fillers into coatings up to 3% could improve the intumescent coating's behavior and increase its endurance against flames. Of the three fillers used, vermiculite showed a better performance in the torch test, attributed to its chemical and physical structure. Vermiculite has low thermal conductivity and is considered an appropriate filler for heat-insulation. The final back-plate temperatures in the torch test for the vermiculite-containing samples were around 100°C–150°C lower than that of other samples. Moreover, vermiculite's addition improved the coating's expansion by 10% compared with the control sample's. The vermiculite sample's char layer morphology showed a uniform cell size distribution, indicating structural robustness. The coating samples successfully transformed polypropylene flammability from highly flammable to V0 level in the UL 94 vertical burning test standard. The results showed that vermiculite could improve intumescent paint's fire resistance and be used as an enhancer in intumescent coating formulations.     

水性环氧改性丙烯酸防火磁漆的制备

以丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2,4,6-三溴苯酯和环氧树脂（E-44）等为原料合成了水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂,讨论了丙烯酸2,4,6-三溴苯酯的含量对涂层阻燃性能的影响,E-44、丙烯酸的含量以及中和度对水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂性能的影响。讨论了阻燃助剂等对涂层阻燃性能的影响。     

塑料用聚氨酯防火涂料的研制

通过实验制备一种用于塑料的防火涂料。实验中确定了聚氨酯两种单体TDI和聚乙二醇的最佳配比,并且获得了制备聚氨酯防火涂料的最佳工艺条件。最后进行了红外光谱、热重分析和其他综合性能等测试。实验结果表明:TDI和聚乙二醇的最佳配比为NCO/OH=1.6:1(物质的量之比,下同);最佳工艺条件为聚磷酸铵含量12%(质量分数,下同),三聚氰胺含量5%,偶联剂含量2%,反应时间40min,反应温度80℃;制备的聚氨酯防火涂料具有较高的力学强度,良好的附着力,较低的吸水率和较好的热稳定性。     

天然鳞片石墨制备可膨胀石墨的工艺研究

以攀枝花天然鳞片石墨为原料,高锰酸钾和双氧水为氧化剂,硝酸、硫酸和高氯酸作为插层剂,制备膨胀石墨。实验发现较佳的膨化温度为950 ℃,并以此温度制备膨胀石墨。结果显示,以双氧水和硫酸制备的膨胀石墨其膨胀容积为130.97~221.80 mL/g;以高锰酸钾和硝酸制备的可膨胀石墨其膨胀容积为150.65~247.19 mL/g;以高锰酸钾和高氯酸制备的膨胀石墨,在干燥温度和时间分别为50 ℃和4~5 h时膨胀容积可达300 mL/g以上。实验还采用XRD和SEM对制备的膨胀石墨结构和形貌进行分析,测试结果发现膨胀石墨的结构完整,可用于进一步制备复合相变材料。     

超细鳞片石墨制备可膨胀石墨工艺及影响因素

以325目超细鳞片石墨为原材料,K2Cr2O7为氧化剂,浓H2SO4为插层剂,用化学氧化法制备可膨胀石墨(EG),通过正交试验法筛选出最优配方及工艺条件,即m(石墨)誜V(98%H2SO4)誜m(K2Cr2O7)=1誜3誜0.3,反应温度30℃,反应时间15 min,膨胀容积45 mL/g。制取最大膨胀容积EG的最优工艺条件和石墨粒径有关,用小粒径石墨制备EG比用大粒径石墨制备EG需要的氧化剂的量多,完成插层反应所需的时间短。     

水性免中涂涂装工艺研究

在汽车涂装中,水性免中涂涂装工艺因工艺流程少、污染排放和能耗低而受到愈来愈多的关注,它将成为今后汽车涂装的主流.本文从涂膜性能指标、面漆颜色效果、闪干流平时间和清漆设计等方面对水性免中涂涂装工艺进行了研究,分析了清漆厚度、第2道面漆的喷涂遍数、中间闪干流平时间和旋杯型号选择对汽车外观质量的影响以及存在的问题,获得了实现最佳外观的汽车水性免中涂涂装工艺方案.