Three series of novel waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane acrylates for UV curable aqueous dispersions (WHPUD) based on hydroxy-functionalized hyperbranched aliphatic polyesters Boltorn™ of varying generation number were investigated. The effects of the overall composition, including acidic and acrylate groups, and functionality of hyperbranched polyester were studied in terms of particle size, rheology, photopolymerization kinetics, dynamic mechanical thermal as well as thermal degradation behaviors of WHPUDs. The average particle sizes of aqueous dispersions, 43-134 nm, were determined by laser light scattering. The stability and particle size were dependent on the amount of carboxylic acid groups, degree of neutralization, and molecular structure. The rheological features have revealed that all dispersions belong to pseudoplastic fluids. The shear thinning behavior of WHPUDs is more pronounced for lower generation of hyperbranched polyester. The photopolymerization rates of the resins under UV irradiation in the presence of a photoinitiator showed an increasing trend with higher functionality of acrylate. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of UV cured films evaluated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed that the influence of end capping by hard segment consisting of IPDI-HEA is remarkable due to the increase of crosslink density. The Tg, storage modulus and loss modulus increased with increasing generation number from the second to the fourth. The results of TGA for cured WHPUD films indicated good thermal stability with no appreciable weight loss until 200 °C, and that an increase in the hard segment content provoked the increases in thermal degradation temperature. This behavior is rationalized by relating crosslink density dependence of chain end concentration and the generation number of hyperbranched polyester. 相似文献
Ultraviolet (UV) curable coating formulations were prepared from novel crosslinking acrylates synthesized from β-hydroxy alkyl amides. Variations were done with respect to the nature of the monomer backbone by introducing aliphatic, aromatic and cycloaliphatic structures in between the amide groups. The synthesized multifunctional alcohols and acrylates were subjected to IR and NMR analysis for structure confirmation. The acrylates were dissolved in chloroform and the UV–vis spectrum was recorded to substantiate the presence of carbonyl group conjugated to the vinyl group. The new acrylates were added to basic formulation and exposed to UV radiation to get transparent films. The dynamic mechanical properties of the films cast from the formulations were assessed and studies on the effect of the synthesized crosslinking acrylate content and their nature on the viscoelastic properties of the films were carried out. Improvements in glass transition temperature (Tg) were observed with increasing percentage of crosslinker. Acrylates based on aromatic acid amides showed higher Tg than aliphatic acid amides. The storage modulus (E′) increased up to 10% and further increases in the crosslinker percentage led to a decrease in the modulus. The rubbery modulus depended on percentage of crosslinker and not on crosslinker structure. 相似文献
The concept of using hyperbranched polymers as scaffolds for solid thermoset resin applications is de-scribed. A series of
semi-crystalline methacrylate-functional aliphatic poly-esters has been synthesized and characterized for applications as
solid thermoset resing, e.g., powder coating resins. The polyester resins have been crosslinked by UV irradiation producing
either amorphous or semi-crystalline crosslinked films depending on the initial structure. The resins are based on hyperbranched
aliphatic polyesters onto which crystalline linear aliphatic polyester chains have been grafted and end-capped with methacrylate
moieties. The resins exhibit a rheological behavior suitable for low temperature curing powder coatings, i.e., films that
can be readily formed and UV cured at temperatures below 80°C.
Dept. of Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mails: matskg@polymer.kth.se. mave@polymer.kth.se, and andult@polymer.kth.se. 相似文献
A series of novel waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate (WHPUA)/layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites based on hyperbranched aliphatic polyester Boltorn H20 (H20) and MgAl-LDH were successfully synthesized by in situ polymerization approach. The MgAl-LDH was firstly modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) through the coprecipitation method, and then grafted by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), forming a complex with NCO groups at the surface and interlayer of LDH (LDH-DS-NCO). The residual hydroxyl groups after modification with succinic anhydride were crosslinked by the semi-adduct of IPDI reacted with HEA, and LDH-DS-NCO, followed by a neutralization reaction with triethylamine. The resulting water dispersible hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate WHPUA/LDH hybrid oligomer was then exposed to a medium pressure mercury lamp, forming a partially exfoliated WHPUA/LDH nanocomposite in the presence of a fragmental photoinitiator. The chemical structure, crystal configuration, morphology of WHPUA/LDH nanocomposite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The experimental results indicated that both the intercalated and exfoliated structures were formed in the UV cured polymer/LDH nanocomposite. The TGA results showed that the thermal stability was improved. Moreover, the pencil hardness was greatly increased, and the flexibility remained at an acceptable level for the UV cured polymer/LDH nanocomposites. 相似文献
Summary: The fast photopolymerization of different multifunctional acrylates was analyzed by means of photorheology. The materials studied included a penta/hexaacrylate monomer and two different acrylated hyperbranched polymers. The sensitivity of the commercial rheometer was improved several‐fold, by a combination of an adaptive filter algorithm and improved data treatment, using powerful oversampling acquisition hardware. The novel set‐up was capable of monitoring up to a five orders of magnitude increase in shear modulus within short experiment timescales (about 10 s). The improvement in sensitivity and acquisition rate enabled the induction time, gelation, and vitrification of the multifunctional acrylates to be determined. In addition, the influence of UV intensity on stiffness build‐up within these materials was studied. In the case of the penta/hexaacrylate system, gelation and vitrification were detected as distinct events, in contrast to the second‐generation hyperbranched polyester, for which vitrification could not be identified. These findings are related to the difference in the glass transition temperature of the cured networks.
Absolute value of the complex shear modulus as a function of time for different acrylate monomers during UV curing. 相似文献
The fluorinated hyperbranched polyester acrylate (FHPA) was synthesized by modifying the hyperbranched polyester Boltorn H20 with fluorinated isocyanate, and characterized with 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The water and oil wettability of the UV cured film with FHPA as an additive was investigated by measuring the contact angle. The results showed that an extremely low concentration of FHPA, even below 0.1 wt%, resulted in efficient decrement of the surface tension of UV cured film to 10–15 mN/m, and thus makes the film highly hydrophobic and oleophobic. The film with FHPA addition was stable in acidic and neutral solutions, and still had good water repellency after immersion in a pH 1 solution for several days. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis confirmed that the film surface was enriched with fluorinated species. Moreover, the molecule with the highest average number of perfluoroalkyl groups had the highest tendency to aggregate at the surface of the UV cured film. 相似文献
In this study, the dependence of the mechanical properties of a UV curable acrylated urethane on reactive diluent types and their amounts was investigated. The acrylated urethane prepolymer was synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), an aliphatic diisocyanate, and polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate (PPGMMA) by stepwise addition reaction. UV sensitive mixtures containing N-vinylpyrrolidinone (NVP), thiodiethylene glycol diacrylate (TDGDA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBoA) as reactive diluents were irradiated by UV light. An increase in reactive diluent content, either TDGDA or IBoA, caused an increase in tensile strength and a decrease in elongation values. In contrast, above a certain concentration a decrease in tensil strength was observed when NVP was used as reactive diluent. The water absorption capacities of the UV curable acrylated urethane films were observed to depend on type and amount of reactive diluent that was used. Thermooxidative properties of the films were also improved by incorporation of reactive diluents into formulations. 相似文献
The concept of using hyperbranched polymers as scaffolds for solid thermoset resin applications is de-scribed. A series of
semi-crystalline methacrylae-functional aliphaic poly-esters has been synthesized and characterized for applications as solid
thermoset resins, e.g., powder coating resins. The polyester resin have been croslinked by UV irradiation producing either
amorphous or semi-crystalline crosslinked films depending on the initial structure. The esins are based on hyperbranced aliphatic
polyesters onto which crystaline linear aliphatic polyester chains have been grafted and end-capped with methacrylate moieties.
The resins exhibit a rheological behavior suitable for low temperature curing powder coaings, i.e., films that can be readily
formed and UV cured a temperatures below 80 °C.
2000 Lake Park Drive Smyrna GA 30080 E-Mails: bin.wu@ucb-group.com and sanilay.padaki@ucb-group.com 相似文献
Water-dispersible UV-curable urethane acrylate emulsions were prepared with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified urethane acrylates
(PMUA), containing terminal hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chains. To improve physical properties of PMUA, epoxy acrylate (EA)
having high thermal stability and hardness, was mixed with five kinds of PMUA containing different chain lengths of polyoxyethylene
(POE). For PMUA/EA mixtures, the composition ratio of EA to PMUA and the chain length of POE greatly influenced the size of
droplets of emulsions and the physical properties of their cured films. At higher EA to PMUA ratio, the physical properties
decreased, which was due to phase separation between EA and PMUA. Phase separation was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.
Received: 13 September 1996/Revised: 27 November 1996/2 December 1996 相似文献
In the present study, hyperbranched urethane acrylates (UA/HB-PEs) were synthesized by modifying the hydroxyl groups of hyperbranched polyester polyols (HB-PEs). The structure of oligomers were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. Formulations containing UA/HB-PEs, reactive diluents, and photoinitiator were applied onto wood substrates and successfully polymerized under UV-irradiation. The coating performances and thermal properties of UV-cured films were evaluated. The studies on film characteristics reveal that the incorporation of UA/HB-PE afforded coatings with good adhesion and high gloss properties. It is observed that UV-cured coatings originated from [2,2-bis(4-??-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl propane] (HB-HEPA)- and [2,2-bis(4-??-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl 6F propane] (HB-HEPFA)-based oligomers possessed better surface and mechanical properties. 相似文献