建筑外墙涂料用纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液的合成

采用原位乳液聚合方法合成了接枝型纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液,研究了接枝聚合反应机理,探讨了单体、乳化剂和纳米ZnO用量等因素对聚合反应的影响,考查了复合乳液涂膜的抗紫外线性能,结果表明纳米复合乳液涂层具有明显的吸收紫外光的能力。纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液可用于制备功能性外墙涂料。     

Characterization of the fracture behavior and viscoelastic properties of epoxy-polyamide coating reinforced with nanometer and micrometer sized ZnO particles

The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of an epoxy-polyamide coating containing nano and micro sized ZnO particles were studied. The nanocomposites were prepared at different loadings of the nano sized ZnO particles. The composites were also prepared using micro sized ZnO particles at different lambdas (lambda (λ) = PVC/CPVC). The optical properties of each nanocomposite were studied by UV–vis technique. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and micro-Vickers were used to investigate the mechanical properties of the composites. The viscoelastic properties of the composites were studied by a tensile test. The fracture morphologies of the composites were studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). An increase in Tg together with a decrease in cross-linking density of the composites was obtained when the coating was reinforced with the micro sized ZnO particles. On the other hand, the Tg and cross-linking density of the composites were decreased using nano sized ZnO particles. It was also found that, the Young's modulus and the fracture energy of the coating were decreased using micro and nano sized ZnO particles. The greater toughness as well as fracture energy of the composite was obtained when it was reinforced with the nano sized ZnO particles. The curing behavior of the epoxy coating was affected in the presence of the micro and nano sized ZnO particles.     

Effect of silane modified nano ZnO on UV degradation of polyurethane coatings

Nanosized ZnO modified by 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) was prepared using the precipitation method. Modified nano ZnO by silane (ZnO-APS) was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and UV–vis measurements. The degradation of the polyurethane coating, the polyurethane coatings containing 0.1 wt% nano ZnO and the polyurethane coatings containing nano ZnO-APS at two concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 wt%) during QUV test was evaluated by gloss measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The coating surface after QUV test was observed with SEM. The results show that nano ZnO-APS has spherical structure with particle size around 10–15 nm. Nano ZnO improved the UV resistance of the PU coating and surface treatment by APS enhanced the effect of nano ZnO. The presence of nano ZnO-APS at 0.1 wt% concentration significantly improved the UV resistance of polyurethane coating.     

棒状纳米ZnO薄膜晶体管效应的测定

分别采用水热法和微乳法制得了两种直径为10～40nm和60～70nm的棒状纳米ZnO材料;然后将制得的纳米材料乙醇溶液旋涂到石英基片上,将其中一部分旋涂膜进行煅烧,最后将经过煅烧和未经过煅烧的旋涂膜基片采用top-contact的方法镀上电极制成薄膜晶体管进行场效应的测定;实验表明:对于直径不同和同种样品旋涂膜经不同处理的场效应参数存在明显的差异,特别是电子迁移率,直径较大的未经煅烧的纳米ZnO旋涂膜的电子迁移率可以达到μ=156cm2V-1s-1。     

Study on electrochemical behavior of Nano‐ZnO modified alkyd‐based waterborne coatings

A nano‐composite coating was formed using nano‐ZnO as pigment in different concentrations, to a specially developed alkyd‐based waterborne coating. The nano‐ZnO modified composite coatings were applied on mild steel substrate by dipping. The dispersion of nano‐ZnO particles in coating system was investigated by scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic techniques. The effect of the addition of these nano‐pigments on the electrochemical behavior of the coating was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Coating modified with higher concentration of nano‐ZnO particles showed comparatively better performance as was evident from the pore resistance (R_po) and coating capacitance (C_c) values after 30 days of exposure. In general, the study showed an improvement in the corrosion resistance of the nano‐particle modified coatings as compared with the neat coating, confirming the positive effect of nano‐particle addition in coatings. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

纳米氧化锌在NR/BR并用胶及SBR胶料中的应用

研究纳米氧化锌替代普通氧化锌在天然橡胶(NR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)并用胶以及丁苯橡胶(SBR)胶料中的应用。结果表明,纳米氧化锌减量10%代替普通氧化锌,NR/BR并用胶及SBR胶料的加工性能和物理性能基本不变,质量减小,成本降低。     

纳米颗粒粉煤灰绿色混凝土的耐久性试验研究

为配制高性能绿色混凝土,用不同质量分数的粉煤灰（0%~30%）来替代水泥,并在混凝土中掺入不同质量分数纳米颗粒氧化锌（0%~3%）来提高混凝土的抗压强度、抗拉强度和抗氯离子性能。通过制备30组混凝土试块进行试验,得出：1）在粉煤灰替代率相同的情况下,随着纳米颗粒氧化锌含量的增加,纳米颗粒氧化锌粉煤灰混凝土的抗压强度、抗拉强度和抗氯离子性能均逐渐增加。2）在纳米颗粒氧化锌含量相同的情况下,随着粉煤灰替代率的增加,纳米颗粒氧化锌粉煤灰混凝土的抗压强度和抗拉强度均逐渐下降。但纳米颗粒氧化锌粉煤灰混凝土的抗氯离子性能却逐渐提高。因此,当纳米颗粒氧化锌质量分数为1%时,建议粉煤灰的替代率在10%以下;当纳米颗粒氧化锌质量分数为2%时,建议粉煤灰的替代率在20%以下;而纳米颗粒氧化锌质量分数为3%时,建议粉煤灰的替代率仍在20%以下,因此不建议纳米颗粒氧化锌的掺量超过2%。     

热蒸发法制备ZnO微／纳米材料的光催化性能研究

采用简单的热蒸发法,调控温度与催化剂制备了ZnO微／纳米材料,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线衍射（xRD）对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征,并以甲基橙溶液为光催化反应模型降解物,考察了样品的光催化活性。结果显示,ZnO微／纳米材料为六角纤锌矿结构,Ni（NO3）2催化剂的存在对不同温度下生成的ZnO光催化效率有较显著影响。     

Anti-corrosive properties of waterborne polyurethane/poly(o-toluidine)-ZnO coatings in NaCl solution

The aim of this research was to prepare waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coating blended with a series of poly(o-toluidine)-nano ZnO composites and study its anti-corrosion performance after its application over carbon steel. The synthesized composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion resistance of coatings with and without nano ZnO were studied in 3.5% NaCl solution at a temperature of 25?°C, by electro-chemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was observed that the composite coating containing 7% poly(o-toluidine)-nano ZnO composite had higher corrosion resistance than poly(o-toluidine) and 14% poly(o-toluidine)-nano ZnO composite. The presence of appropriate amount of ZnO significantly improved the corrosion resistance, due to the formation of passive layer on steel surface and the synergistic effects of poly(o-toluidine) along with a suitable amount of nano-ZnO reduced the porosity of the coating surface.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO微粉及其电学性质

以柠檬酸和柠檬酸三铵为络合剂,利用溶胶凝胶法制备ZnO微粉。在乙酸锌浓度为0.2mol/L、柠檬酸浓度为0.05mol/L时得到的ZnO微粒粒径较小;在乙酸锌浓度为1.0mol/L、柠檬酸三铵浓度为0.5mol/L、灼烧温度为600℃时得到的ZnO微粒粒径较小。并分别对其性能进行表征,包括激光光散射粒度分析、红外检测、X 射线衍射分析、电学性质测定(阻抗、伏安特性曲线)。     

Preparation and characterization of bipolar membranes modified using photocatalyst nano‐TiO2 and nano‐ZnO

The nano‐ZnO and nano‐TiO₂ were added into chitosan (CS) anion layer to prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ‐ sodium alginate (SA)/ TiO₂‐ZnO‐CS (here, PVA:polyvinyl alcohol; SA:sodium alginate) bipolar membrane (BPM), which was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), electric universal testing machine, contact angle measurer, and so on. Experimental results showed that nano‐TiO₂‐ZnO exhibited better photocatalytic property for water splitting at the interlayer of BPM than nano‐TiO₂ or nano‐ZnO. The membrane impedance and voltage drop (IR drop) of the BPM were obviously decreased under the irradiation of high‐pressure mercury lamps. At a current density of 60 mA/cm², the cell voltage of PVA‐SA/TiO₂‐ZnO‐CS BPM‐equipped cell decreased by 1.0 V. And the cell voltages of PVA‐SA/TiO₂‐CS BPM‐equipped cell and PVA‐SA/ZnO‐CS BPM‐equipped cell were only reduced by 0.7 and 0.6 V, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrophilicity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the modified BPM were increased. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Unique coating formulation for corrosion and microbial prevention of mild steel

TGBAPB matrix material along with functionalized (F-ZnO) and non-functionalized (N-ZnO) nano ZnO as reinforcements was used to develop two unique skeletally modified tetra functional epoxy nano-hybrid coatings. The formation of N-ZnO was confirmed by TEM analysis. Amine functionalization of ZnO nanoparticle on its surface was achieved by grafting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as coupling agent. The FT-IR spectra revealed that the silane coupling agent was covalently bonded to the surface of ZnO nanoparticles, offering better dispersibility and compatibility with TGBAPB epoxy matrix. The effect of surface functionalization of nano ZnO towards corrosion resistance investigated by electrochemical impedance (EIS) indicates that the coating film had good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test indicated that F-ZnO-TGBAPB coating had strong antimicrobial activity against high concentration of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria. Thus the TGBAPB-F-ZnO coating formulation appears to be unique by preventing both corrosion and bacterial growth.     

原位聚合法制备纳米TiO2/有机硅改性丙烯酸酯复合乳液

用硅烷偶联剂对纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)粒子表面进行预处理，使其表面由亲水性变为疏水性，并在其表面接枝上可反应的有机官能团。通过改性纳米TiO2表面上的原位聚合反应，制备了纳米TiO2／硅丙复合乳液。透射电子显微镜观察结果显示，乳液中存在两种结构的乳胶粒子：一种是以聚丙烯酸酯为核、有机硅聚合物为壳的核壳结构硅丙乳胶粒子；另一种是以纳米TiO2为核、有机聚合物为壳的纳米TiO2／聚合物复合结构乳胶粒子。乳胶粒子的结构形态可由乳化剂的用量控制。该复合乳液具有较好的杀菌效果，在较短时间内对细菌的杀灭率可达90％以上。     

纳米氧化锌在橡胶制品中的应用研究

依据氧化锌是橡胶的活性剂和硫化剂的特点，选择两个有代表性的配方，分别对普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌进行了对比试验。其结果表明：纳米氧化锌因其粒子细、比表面积大、活性高，在配方中可以大幅减量使用。其胶料不仅在性能上优于或与减量前使用普通氧化锌时相当，而且能明显降低料成本。因此，在橡胶行业中，用纳米氧化锌取代普通氧化锌是最好的选择。     

纳米CuO/ZnO去除H_2S反应条件及机理研究

以纳米CuO/ZnO作为去除H2S的活性组分,考察了反应温度、空速、氧分压等反应条件和掺铜量对纳米CuO/ZnO脱硫性能的影响,并分析了CuO对脱硫剂脱硫机理的影响。结果表明:脱硫剂TZ2(Cu:Zn物质的量比为1:18.40)有较高的脱硫性能;空速越低脱硫性能越高;反应温度由25℃升高到120℃,脱硫性能先下降后升高,120℃的脱硫性能略高于25℃;氧分压为10%时,有最佳的脱硫性能;CuO的加入增大了脱硫产物向多硫化物及单质硫的转化。     

Studying the effects of micro and nano sized ZnO particles on the corrosion resistance and deterioration behavior of an epoxy-polyamide coating on hot-dip galvanized steel

The effects of micro and nano sized ZnO particles on the corrosion resistance and hydrolytic degradation of an epoxy coating were studied. Different analytical techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic thermal mechanical analysis (DMTA) and nano-indentation were utilized to evaluate the hydrolytic degradation as well as the corrosion resistance of the coatings in exposure to 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. It was found that the epoxy coating resistance against corrosive electrolyte was significantly improved using nano and micro sized ZnO particles. The corrosion resistance of the nanocomposite was considerably greater than the one reinforced with the micro-ZnO particles. Moreover, the resistance of the coating reinforced with the nano sized particles against hydrolytic degradation in exposure to the corrosive electrolyte was considerably greater than the one reinforced with the micro sized particles. Decrease in both nano hardness and cross-linking density of the epoxy coating reinforced with nanoparticles after exposure to the corrosive electrolyte were considerably lower than the blank sample and the sample reinforced with the micro sized ZnO particles. Using nano sized particles the coating adhesion loss decreased.     

纳米氧化锌对天然胶乳膜干燥及硫化性能影响研究

采用失重法和溶胀法研究了普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌活化的天然胶乳膜的干燥动力学,以及干燥过程中胶乳膜交联密度变化.结果表明:天然胶乳厚胶膜在成膜后仍含有大量水分并且去除困难.纳米氧化锌活化胶膜的干燥速率明显高于普通氧化锌胶膜.干燥温度对干燥过程影响显著,干燥时间随干燥温度升高明显降低.随着干燥的进行,2种氧化锌活化的胶乳膜的交联密度均迅速上升,在相同条件下,纳米氧化锌活化胶乳膜交联密度均比普通氧化锌的大.纳米氧化锌对天然胶乳膜的干燥及硫化过程均有促进作用.     

表面修饰的纳米ZnO的加入对PEG结晶的影响

在PEG溶液中加入纳米ZnO以及表面修饰的ZnO,观察纳米粒子对PEG结晶的影响。通过透射偏光显微镜进行观察,发现纳米ZnO的加入改变了PEG的结晶形貌,随着纳米粒子表面羧基含量的增加,结晶形貌按照树晶—大球晶—小球晶的规律变化。通过FTIR表明在热作用下纳米粒子表面的羧基会与PEG的端羟基发生酯化反应,使纳米ZnO可以稳定的存在于PEG溶液中,为球晶的形成提供了成核点。     

Ni-P基纳米化学复合镀研究现状

阐述了Ni-P基纳米化学复合镀层沉积机理、结构、性能特点及影响因素。提出了目前纳米化学复合镀存在的主要问题，如镀液的稳定性、纳米粒子的分散性。综述了纳米化学复合镀的研究现状，并对今后的研究提出了建议。     

牡蛎壳粉为载体的纳米ZnO催化超声降解偶氮品红溶液

采用实验室合成的以牡蛎壳粉为载体的纳米ZnO催化剂,以偶氮品红超声降解反应为模型,研究了各种因素对偶氮品红超声降解反应的影响。结果表明,在ZnO作用下超声降解偶氮品红的效果明显优于纳米ZnO和单纯使用超声波的情况。超声波频率25 kHz,输出功率50 W,催化剂用量800 mg/L,pH值3.0,偶氮品红水溶液初始浓度20 mg/L的条件下,3 h左右降解率即可达到90%以上,COD的降低率也达到了90%。