Hybrid films from poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), or tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB) were characterized by determination of wettability, ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, active compounds diffusion to water, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with determination of atomic composition on the films surface, and biocidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. QAC mobility in the films increased from DODAB to CTAB to TPAB. Diffusion and optimal hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance imparted the highest bioactivity to CTAB. DODAB sustained immobilization at the film surface killed bacteria upon contact. TPAB ability to diffuse was useless because of its unfavorable hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance for bioactivity. 相似文献
The adsorption of aromatic sulfonic acids (ASA) and quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) from dilute aqueous streams, with or without electrolytes and a 相似文献
A facile and cost-effective method which combines supercritical CO2 and micro-jet exfoliation has been developed for producing graphene nanosheets with high-quality. CO2 molecules can intercalate into the interlayer of graphite because of their high diffusivity and small molecule size in supercritical operation. The tensile stress induced by graphite interfacial reflection of compressive waves exert on the graphite flakes, which lead to further exfoliation of graphite. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to identify morphology and quality of the exfoliated graphene nanosheets, which reveal that the graphite was successfully exfoliated into graphene and more than 88% of graphene nanosheets are less than three layers. The yield of graphene nanosheets is about 28 wt% under optimum conditions, which can be greatly improved by repeated exfoliation of the graphene sediment. The pure graphene film has a high conductivity of 2.1 × 105 S/m. 相似文献
The quaternary ammonium compounds benzalkonium chloride and cetyl pyridinium chloride have been studied as potential anti-microbial
additives for incorporation into acrylic bone cement. Using the commercial bone cement Palacos K-40, each compound was added
at 1% and 5% by mass. Setting time of the cement was 9.75 min. This did not change when benzalkonium chloride (5%) was present,
but was shortened to 9.00 min by 5% cetyl pyridinium chloride. Release of additive was estimated by determining chloride release
from set cement specimens using a chloride-ion selective electrode. This showed that release occurred but was a complicated
process and did not follow simple diffusion-based kinetics. Release thus appeared to occur by a similar overall mechanism
to that of gentamicin sulphate from bone cements. The results show that these anti-microbial compounds can be incorporated
into acrylic bone cement and then released in a satisfactory manner and suggest that these compounds have the potential to
replace gentamicin sulphate as active ingredients in orthopaedic cements. 相似文献
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Solution-processed molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets are facilely synthesized through liquid phase exfoliation and dispersed in... 相似文献
Graphene nanosheets have been synthesized from commercial expandable graphite by heating in a microwave oven and dispersing in ethanol by ultrasonication. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy and atomic force microscope showed that the nanosheets were about 2 nm in thickness and 10 microm in diameter. The field emission of the graphene sheets has been investigated. An emission current density of 1 mA/cm2 has been achieved at an electric field of 3.7 V/microm with a turn-on field of 1.7 V/microm at 0.01 mA/cm2. The annealing of the samples at 400 degrees C in vacuum greatly improved the field emission performance. 相似文献
High specific surface area graphene nanosheets have been obtained from graphite oxide by using an effective modified exfoliation method under vacuum, the exfoliation temperature (135 degrees C) is much lower than that conventionally applied (1050 degrees C) to obtain monolayer graphene sheets via rapid thermal shock. These products have fluffy and highly porous structure and with a lateral size typically of a few micrometers. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation shows that it looks like a wrinkled transparent ultrathin film consisting of single or few-layer graphene sheets, and their Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area is as large as 750 m2/g. Simultaneously, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that considerable amount of oxygen-containing groups (C/O ratio, 5:1) retained on the graphene sheets after exfoliation process, which would provide convenience for further modification of the surface properties and chemistry of graphene sheets. This work offers a facile and scalable approach to fabricate graphene oxide and opens up a new vista of various potential applications electronics and composite materials. 相似文献
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted enormous attention due to their functional applications in energy storage. In this work, a low-temperature molten-salt chemical exfoliation methodology is developed for producing free-standing 2D mesoporous Si through deintercalation of CaSi2 in excess molten AlCl3 at 195 °C. The average dimension of these sheets is 1.5 μm, and the thickness of a single sheet is approximately 10 nm. The as-prepared 2D Si has a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 154 m2·g?1 and an average pore size of 5.87 nm. With this unique structure, the 2D Si exhibits superior Li-storage performance, including a reversible capacity of 2,974 mA·h·g?1 at 0.2 C, reversible capacities of 2,162, 1,947, and 1,527 mA·h·g?1 at 0.8, 2, and 5 C after 200 cycles, and a capacity retention of 357 mA·h·g?1 even at 30 C (90 A·g?1).
先用甲醛-甲酸法(eschweiler-clarke反应)合成N,N-二甲基壳聚糖(DMC),再与溴代烷进行Hoffman烷基化反应制备了N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基壳聚糖季铵盐(DODMC)和N-十六烷基-N,N-二甲基壳聚糖季铵盐(HDMC),用FT-IR、1 H NMR、EA、TG等对产物进行表征。抗菌实验结果表明所合成产物具有较好的抗菌活性,对革兰氏阳性菌S.aureus的抗菌活性优于革兰氏阴性菌E.coli,抗菌活性随着烷基链长度的增加而增强;产物在pH值=5.5比在pH值=7.2条件下表现出更好的抗菌活性;在碱性及中性条件下,HDMC的抗菌活性随着季铵化度的提高而提高,而在酸性条件下抗菌活性则随着季铵化度提高而降低。 相似文献
A procedure was suggested for one-step synthesis of quaternary phenyl isoquinolinium compounds labeled with tritium by direct
phenylation with nucleogenic phenyl cations of the lone electron pair of the nitrogen atom in isoquinoline. 相似文献