Multiframe detection of X-rays with a 100-ps frame duration on the Iskra-5 facility

Three techniques for multiframe detection of X rays from laser targets of different types in experiments on the Iskra-5 facility are described. The frame duration is 100 ps, the number of frames is ten, and the spatial resolution is up to 10 μm. The developed techniques allow determination of the degree of uniformity of the emission from the end of a cylindrical target; the heating time of foils made from different materials; the collapse time of spherical glass targets filled with the DT gas; and the shape, size, and time of existence of a compressed core.     

D-100/8-Ⅰ型中间冷却器排气管变形问题分析

针对D-100／8-Ⅰ型中间冷却器在装配时一级排气管法兰连结面出现的变形问题，作了一些分析，并提出相应改进措施。     

太阳能真空管集热器管中心距的优化与应用

为提高太阳能热水器的性能并降低其成本,通过综合考虑性能与成本对真空管集热器进行了优化,提出了以集热器单位集热量的成本为优化目标的真空管集热器管中心距优化模型.优化模型包括集热器成本计算模型和集热器集热量计算模型,其中的集热器集热量计算考虑了太阳的辐射强度变化与真空管管间遮阴作用.采用该模型对常用太阳能集热器进行了优化....     

Control of corrosion-erosion of tube inlets of shell and tube heat exchangers

Earlier investigations showed that excessive corrosion of the first few diameters of standard shell and tube heat exchangers is the consequence of an unfavourable flow pattern in the inlet channel. Flow correction devices were incorporated in a model shell and tube heat exchanger to alter the existing flow pattern to give an axial flow into the tubes in order to reduce tube inlet corrosion. The resulting modified flow characteristics were studied by flow visualization and velocity distribution measurements. Recommendations regarding optimum dimensions and positioning of the various flow correction devices are made.     

插入软管的赫姆霍兹共振器吸声原理

研究了插入软管的赫姆霍兹共振器的声学原理,推导了声阻抗公式,进而研究了将插入软管的赫姆霍兹共振器用于旁支管的消声性能,并进行仿真计算.结果表明：插入软管可以有效降低吸声频率,明显改善赫姆霍兹共振器的吸声性能,满足实际工程需要.     

Plastic streamer tube calorimeters

The use of streamer tubes in the construction of electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters has been considered by several groups within LEP Collaborations. The results of various tests on these calorimeters is reviewed and the possibility to have an integrated muon-hadron detection system in hadron calorimeters with streamer tubes is discussed, together with possible applications when high energy and high rates are concerned.     

100-MHz noise spectrometer

The design, construction, and performance of a 100-MHz noise spectrometer are described. Basically a 100-MHz bridge, this system uses the properties of a double balanced mixer to enable the experimenter to determine spectral densities of fluctuations in the real or imaginary parts of a sample impedance, as well as the real part of the cross-spectral density. Calibration circuits and techniques are described. The results of measurements on commercial 50-Omega terminators demonstrate fluctuations of both the real and the imaginary parts of the impedance and partial correlation between them.     

100 volumes of ultramicroscopy

On the occasion of Ultramicroscopy's 100th volume, the most important changes over the last 25 years for scientists involved in ultramicroscopy are reviewed. The role of the journal Ultramicroscopy in communicating these changes is analyzed by discussing the 10 most frequently cited papers out of the 5464 papers that were published in the first 99 volumes. An attempt is made to predict what kind of papers may have a large impact in the future.     

SMZ100型自升式门架升降机的设计

对 SMZ1 0 0型自升式门架升降机的结构、特点和性能参数的设计进行了详细介绍 ,并提出改进措施。     

DSJl00／100／2x200下运带式输送机的研制

通过系列的计算、设计,进行了下运带式输送机选型配置,并使的结构设计优化,提高了矿井经济效益。     

Open vacuum tube in space

After having reviewed briefly the reliability of vacuum tubes on spacecraft, it is shown that the operation in space of a vacuum tube with an open structure is possible provided adequate measures are taken. The tube considered here is a multielectrode electron gun emitting electrons into space, in order to control the potential of a satellite. To avoid the failure of the most sensitive element of the gun, namely the impregnated tungsten cathode, the gun design includes such characteristics as a slow warming up of the heater element, a reactivation program used in case of cathode contamination, and a clean opening system which is not contaminant. Similarities with communication tubes are considered and the advantages of open tubes are mentioned.     

绝热毛细管长度的设计计算

分析了毛细管内制冷剂的流动过程,运用两相流动的均相流模型建立了绝热毛细管的数学模型,开发了毛细管长度的计算程序,该程序对新工质制冷系统毛细管的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

Optical measurement of tube bending

Tube boring is usually accompanied by checking the degree of bending. Optically, this is done by experienced operators using their visual acuity and ability to ascertain the distortions of circular images. This classical method, while fairly accurate, has poor resolution and requires a long period of training. The method described here does not rely on operator experience and is based on selective illumination of a section of the tube coupled with an observation process where the contribution of the diffuse light to the final image is made small. The resolution and sensitivity of this method for a diffuse internal bore and its capabilities when the tube has striae are presented for a tube manufactured by FMBP     

100/32t型起重机主梁加强筋的探讨

非标桥式起重机结构设计大都采用传统的设计方法,结构很保守.安全系数较大,致使材料浪费.文中对100/32t型起重机主梁在ANSYS中建立了有限元模型,对其在典型工况下的强度、刚度、可靠性、疲劳强度、稳定牲进行分析探讨,并把主梁T型钢两侧有加强筋时与无加强筋的结果进行了比较,最后得出加强筋可去掉的结论.从而减少主梁的材料,可以减轻主梁重量,降低制造成本,对实际生产有一定的指导意义,并为同类产品设计提供借鉴.     

100亿之于1000亿

“宏观调控”无疑已经成为目前经济领域的第一主题、提及率最高的词汇。工程机械产业如此,其他产业也有同感。北京国际汽车展期间,与汽车产业的一位人士交流,他讲到,目前制造商、代理商的轿车库存市值已经达到140余亿元;与此同时,消费者持币待购现象严重。在此重压面前,各大汽车制造商在忙完汽车展之后,还来不及回味展会     

S100A9/S100A8: Myeloid representatives of the S100 protein family as prominent players in innate immunity

Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to sites of inflammation and are thereby at the forefront of the organism's defense against numerous attacks. As unspecific phagocytes, they belong to the so-called innate immunity. Two S100 proteins, namely S100A9 (MRP14) and S100A8 (MRP8), constitute roughly 40% of the cytosolic protein in these cells, implying by their pure abundance an important role in the effector functions of neutrophils. However, despite intense research in the past 15 years, the puzzle that may embed both molecules into the neutrophil/monocyte physiology is still incomplete. One reason might be the conformational variability the S100A9 and S100A8 molecules can adopt. They readily form hetero- and homodimeric, trimeric as well as tetrameric complexes, but they evidently do also exert specific functions as monomers. An ever-increasing body of information suggests that S100A9 plays a prominent role in leukocyte trafficking and arachidonic acid metabolism. In addition, elevated levels of S100A9 and S100A8 in body fluids of inflamed tissues strengthen the view that these molecules are important players in fighting inflammation. The aim of this review is to give an update on the current developments concerning the S100A9/S100A8 molecule in biology and medicine.     

The effect of tube dimensions on optimized pressure and force loading paths in tube hydroforming process

The precise control of internal pressure and axial force loading paths significantly affects the final product quality. In this study, the effect of tube dimensions on the pressure and force loading paths in tube hydroforming process is investigated by using simulated annealing optimization method linked to a commercial finite element code. The optimized loading paths, obtained for different tube geometries with a constant expansion ratio, are then compared. The effects of initial diameter and wall thickness on shape conformation, optimal internal pressure and axial force (or feed) are discussed on the basis of optimal loading paths. Several guidelines in prediction and determination of tube hydroforming parameters are obtained by optimization analysis.