Nanosecond gating of an optical multichannel analyzer

An optical gating pulse of 30 ns width combined with an electronic gating pulse of 50 ns width has been found to give a near perfect performance of a gated silicon intensified vidicon detector. The magnification as well as the focusing properties are found to be close to the real-time behavior and the small changes that do occur in the gated mode can be corrected for in the data analysis.     

CCD型光学多通道分析仪波长的标定

研究了最小二乘拟合方法在CCD型光学多通道分析仪波长标定中的应用。标定的光源采用低压汞灯,标定过程分别采用最小二乘法中的2次拟合和线性拟合(1次拟合)。通过测量低压汞灯和低压钠灯光谱,将2次拟合和线性拟合(1次拟合)的结果作比较。结论表明,用2次拟合比线性拟合结果更精确。     

MP- 2型溶出分析仪联机接口软硬件的设计

利用微机的并行打印端口和MP-2型溶出分析仪的打印端口，通过接口电路，实现了微机与溶出分析仪的联机，以便利用微机对测量数据进行采集和处理。详细分析了硬件设计，打印原理，以及软件实现方法。     

Some fast mono multi-processor configurations for a single multi-parameter multichannel analyzer

Some single, multi-parameter multichannel analyzer configurations are reported. The analyzer is especially suitable for time and/or pulse-height spectra measurements from high counting rate sources. The various analyzer configurations arise from the need to reach a compromise between measurement requirements and analyzer speed and cost. The main element of each configuration is the Analog Devices 21060, a fast and flexible digital signal processor (DSP). The DSP takes part in the control of data acquisition, and updates spectra in real time without taking Host computing and Input/Output resources, so shortening the dead time of the whole spectrometric system. The instrumentation peculiar characteristics are as follows: (1) the true acquisition phase is an autonomous one; (2) the maximum count capacity is equal to 2³²−1 counts/channel; (3) the conversion gain is programmable. The maximum achievable value is 2¹⁰⁰; (4) spectra may be transferred from the instrumentation to the Host computer either at the measurement end or in the course of the measurement to display data during the accumulation process; (5) the maximum acquisition rate depends on the configuration. The monoprocessor configuration is able to acquire data and to update spectra without interruption at 10 MHz rate. Multi-bus configuration is recommended in the case that high conversion gain and/or fast multichannel structures are dealt with. Multi-bus configuration is needed if the spectrum must be transferred to the Host in the course of the measurement without interrupting the acquisition. (6) The instrumentation makes use of commercially available components. Their high integration and speed have led to powerful, compact, flexible, and modular instrumentation.     

生化分析仪用快速多波长分光光度系统设计

设计了一种用于半自动生化分析仪的快速多波长分光光度系统.系统采用了平面衍射光栅、专用阵列探测器、对数放大器以及高稳定恒流源,有效地提高了仪器的整体性能,同时降低了生化分析仪的成本.     

多光谱阴道镜的微型化多通道滤光片设计

设计了一种可与阴道镜中的图像传感器集成的微型化多通道滤光片,以使阴道镜具有光谱成像能力.采用微光刻技术及真空多层镀膜技术制成微滤光片,内部微滤光单元的通光波长与病灶标志物反射光谱或荧光光谱的特征峰相对应,与图像传感器集成后,能够获取几幅与光谱特征峰对应的特征波长图像,这些图像凸显了病变组织与正常组织的差异,提供了宫颈组织上皮表面形态变化及上皮组织内病灶标志物含量变化的信息.已加工出通光波长为λ1＝630 nm、λ2＝460 nm、λ3=515 nm、λ4＝577 nm的微滤光片,微滤光单元面积为10 μm×10 μm,各通道带宽约为40 nm,透射率为30％～40％.实验显示微滤光片的光学性能已达到光谱成像的基本要求,与阴道镜集成后,能有效提高其诊断的灵敏度与特异性,减少活检频率.     

基于C8051F060的多通道全自动流动注射分析仪

介绍一个基于单片机的多通道全自动流动注射分析仪(FIA-6100)。该仪器由混合信号系统级微控制器C8051F060作为核心控制芯片,通过串行数据总线控制转盘式自动进样器、比例稀释器、蠕动泵等部件的协同运行,采用流动注射分光光度法对被测信号的吸光度进行实时的采集与存储,并由外围的USB接口将采集到的数据批量传输至系统工作站进行分析与处理。     

基于FPGA技术的多道能谱仪数据采集系统的设计

目前计算机化能谱分析仪广泛使用于在线分析,但测量速度偏低、精度不高。本文介绍基于FPGA技术设计的多道脉冲幅度分析器系统,其控制核心是FLEX10K。利用VHDL进行程序设计。采用USB2．0接口芯片ISPI581,实现与PC的高速数据传输,使多道分析仪的信号处理速度、测量精度明显改善。     

快速尿液分析仪中的光学系统设计

尿液分析仪是测定尿液中各化学成分浓度的自动化仪器,这种仪器需要一种分布均匀的大功率线状光源。简要介绍了快速尿液分析仪的基本原理和系统装置,重点分析了利用折射的方法获取线状光源的原理,对此方案进行了理论分析以及试验测试,最后对信号的采集和接收进行了探讨。实验证明系统性能稳定,工作情况可靠。     

User interface for optical multi-sensorial measurements at extruded profiles

Nowadays the process control of concave extruding is a measuring task with rising requirements. A novel optical bi-sensorial measurement system - consisting of a shadow- and a light-section-system - as well as suitable methods of analysis for the in-line inspection are presented. The proposals help to ensure the product quality on a higher level than before. The combination of dimensional accuracy and data-density leads to excellent results. The optical multi-sensor measurement system has to be calibrated and aligned to detect the same surface zone despite of high refresh rates and optical resolutions. The metered characteristics will be coordinate transformed to extrinsic world-coordinates for evaluating form deviations of complex parts. An appropriate user interface enables to re-calculate measurement objects in-line and evaluate the conformity of the part consequently. Finally the real length information assists to influence the process control. After successful test in laboratory the results will be proved in production to the target: measurement uncertainty of better 0.1 mm at every profile.     

LabVIEW在光谱分析仪实验教学中的应用

针对传统光谱分析仪(OSA)实验教学中存在的不足,提出将LabVIEW用于OSA实验教学。介绍了采用硬件实验和虚拟实验相结合的光谱自动测试系统,并给出了虚拟实验的虚拟仪器前面板的构成。该系统不仅测试自动化程度高,测量范围宽,而且能根据测试对象不同的需求改变测量方案。基于LabVIEW编程平台,使该测试系统具有很强的数据处理功能。通过实例说明采用LabVIEW软件对OSA进行仿真与性能分析,可以改善实验条件和效果。该系统为OSA的实验教学提供了一个新的途径。     

基于P87C591多路CAN收发接口的设计

以P87C591为微处理器,通过自带的CAN控制器和外接SJAl000控制器设计出一种可以控制多路CAN总线的接口。针对该接口设计过程中遇到的多路CAN报文存在同时发送和接收的问题。通过实验提出相应的解决办法,特别针对接收模块中CAN报文溢出问题做了重点分析。并给出数据流程图和部分C语言源代码,为多路CAN总线通信接口的研究提供了一定的实际价值。     

Electronic interface systems for goals of spectral domain optical coherence tomography

A setup for visualizing the internal structure of media, which partially scatter radiation, using the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) method is described. The special complex of electron interface systems, ensuring the operating speed of the spectral domain OCT system at a level of 10000 A-scans (longitudinal scans along the depth) per second, high dynamic imaging range, and complete suppression of coherent noise peculiar to the spectral method has been designed to eliminate artifacts characteristic of this method.     

A polarization analyzer of optical radiation on the basis of the light diffraction by sound

A device with an acousto-optic polarization splitter as the basic unit has been developed to record polarization-modulated optical signals. It spatially separates input radiation into two beams with mutually orthogonal polarizations. The difference of their intensities serves as the measure of changes in the input-radiation polarization plane. Experiments were performed using a TeO₂ single crystal as the acousto-optic splitter and showed the high efficiency of splitting optical radiation with a wavelength of 0.63 μm in the range of acoustic frequencies of 10–26 MHz.     

肝功能储备分析仪（ICG）质量控制的探讨

通过对肝功能储备分析仪探头的测试,评价其检测功能的精确度,以保证肝功能储备分析仪检测结果的准确性及有效性。利用探头对吲哚菁绿药物浓度的探测敏感性,对稀释后不同浓度的吲哚菁绿进行检测并将检测结果与实际吲哚菁绿浓度进行对比,以此验证探头的精确性。经过对比发现,在理想试验状态下,使用2年以内探头的检测精确度误差小于0.5%,使用2~4年探头的检测精确度误差约1%,使用4年以上探头的检测精确度误差大于2%。为了保证肝功能储备分析仪检测结果的准确性与有效性,使用2年以内的探头应每年检测1~2次,使用2~4年的探头应每年检测2~4次,使用4年以上的探头应每月检测1次或直接更换新探头。     

Near-field scanning optical microscopy studies of L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine monolayers at the air-liquid interface

The phase structure in L-alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-20 mol% fluorescent 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate Langmuir monolayers dispersed on a 2 M sucrose solution subphase is studied with near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Cantilevered NSOM probes operating in a tapping-mode feedback or an optical interferometric feedback mode are capable of tracking the air-sucrose solution interface. At the micrometre scale, the NSOM fluorescence images reveal lipid domain features similar to those observed previously in supported Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers. At the submicrometre scale, the small nanometric lipid islands seen in LB films are not observed at the air-sucrose interface. This supports a mechanism in which domain formation in LB films can be induced by means of the transfer process onto the solid support. Progress towards extending these studies to films at the air-water interface using the optical interferometric feedback method is also discussed.     

Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM)

SNOM is a non-contact stylus microscopy analogous to STM. Optical near-field interaction is used to sense approach and optical properties on the nanometre scale (?1 nm normal, 20–50 nm lateral). SNOM was demonstrated in transmission and reflection, in a topographic mode, and with amplitude as well as phase objects. The excitation of plasmons in the SNOM ‘tip’, a very recent development, greatly enhances sensitivity and permits intriguing new optical experiments. Overcoming the limit of diffraction, SNOM turns a long-held dream of optical microscopists into reality.     

New plasma measurements with a multichannel millimeter-wave fluctuation diagnostic system in the DIII-D tokamak (invited)

A novel multichannel, tunable Doppler backscattering (DBS)/reflectometry system has recently been developed and applied to a variety of DIII-D plasmas. Either DBS or reflectometry can be easily configured for use in a wide range of plasma conditions using a flexible quasi-optical antenna system. The multiple closely spaced channels, when combined with other fluctuation diagnostic systems, have opened up new measurements of plasma properties. For example, the toroidal and fine-scale radial structure of coherent plasma oscillations, such as geodesic acoustic modes, have been probed simultaneously in the core of high temperature plasmas by applying correlation analysis between two toroidally separated DBS systems, as well as within the multichannel array. When configured as a reflectometer, cross-correlation with electron cyclotron emission radiometry has uncovered detailed information regarding the crossphase relationship between density and temperature fluctuations. The density-temperature crossphase measurement yields insight into the physics of tokamak turbulence at a fundamental level that can be directly compared with predictions from nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations.