棒材切分轧制导卫系统的应用与改进

介绍了全连续式棒材轧机切分轧制导卫系统的主要特点，同时针对切分轧制导卫系统在生产中出现的滚动导卫运行不正常、导轮损坏频繁、导卫粘钢而造成堆钢等问题进行了改进，设计加工了轴承防尘盖和水封器、修复了四轮滚动导卫冷却管路、改进了切分导卫结构，从而满足了生产要求，降低了备件消耗。     

小连轧粗轧滚动导卫改进

介绍杭钢小轧公司粗轧机组实施滚动导卫改进情况，并简要介绍了滚动导卫设计和工艺参数的选择。     

八钢高线精轧滚动导卫的改造

文章介绍了对八钢高速线材轧机精轧机组进口滚动导卫本体和底座的改造。通过对高线机组进口滚动导卫底座和本体的改造加工,满足了轧钢生产需求,减少了导卫引起的堆钢事故,并减少了更换导卫的时间。     

线材中轧机组滚动导卫装置研制

现代化高速线材轧机普遍采用滚动导卫。本文介绍一种借鉴国外滚动导卫技术研制的适合复二重中轧机组使用的滚动导卫,具有提高轧机作业率,降低中间轧废率的特点,生产试用效果良好。     

大规格角钢滚动导卫设计与应用

介绍了唐钢大型钢生产线大规格角钢成品导卫由滑动导卫改为滚动导卫的设计应用及改进过程,成品入口成功应用滚动导卫装置,解决了由于成品入口导板刮钢造成的刮伤缺陷问题,成品质量稳定性大为提高,避免了导卫的频繁打磨和更换,降低了工人劳动强度,提高了生产效率。     

Cr—Ni合金导卫板在线材轧机上的使用及其失效分析

引言铸铁导卫板的使用寿命很低,因损坏频繁而造成的停机对轧钢生产能力的发挥影响很大。因此,采用Cr—Ni合金导卫板提高导卫板的耐久性具有十分重要的意义。我们采用50公斤高频感应炉,冶炼了10炉Cr—Ni合金导卫板400公斤。先后在本公司第三、四轧钢厂使用,轧制2、3号普碳钢效果良好。使用寿命比铸铁导卫板相应地提高23～44倍,比天津生产的Ci—Ni合金导卫板也有明显提高。本文分析了实验用Cr—Nr合金导卫板使用寿命高及其失效的原因。认为这种     

滚动导卫优化设计

针对攀钢线材厂粗中轧滑动导卫不适应优质钢生产的问题，介绍滚动导卫的选择和优化设计及其效果。     

提高轧机导卫辊寿命的研究

在分析棒、线材轧机使用的Gx铸造合金导卫轶失效形式的基础上，对不同热处理状态的GJH-2合金和Gx铸造合金，在不同温度下的高温磨损特性进行了对比试验，并将GJH-2合金制成导卫辊在轧机上进行了装机试验，试验结果表明，用GJH-2合金代替Gx铸造合金制作导卫辊可以大幅度提高导卫辊的使用寿命和经济效益，GJH-2合金导卫辊的使用寿命是Gx铸造合金辊的16.5倍。     

滚动导卫优化设计

针对攀钢线材厂粗中轧滑动导卫不适应优质钢生产的问题，重点介绍了滚动导卫的选择及优化设计，对国产半连续式线材轧机引进、吸收先进技术有借鉴作用。     

KmTBCr15RE导卫板的研制

新钢公司线材厂轧机原使用的高铬铸铁Ｃｒ２９Ｎｉ导卫板寿命低，现研制成新材质ＫｍＴＢＣｒ１５ＲＥ导卫板，经测试及试用表明，新材质导卫板与原材质导卫板相比，降低了生产成本，延长了使用寿命，提高了轧机生产效率。     

马斯洛自我实现理论与高校生命教育

生命教育是一种全人的教育,是一种关注生命状态、丰富生命历程、激发生命潜力、促进生命成长、提高生命质量的教育,而马斯洛自我实现理论是关于人实现自我价值、生命价值的理论,它对我们高校生命教育有着重要的启示。     

Relaparotomies for abdominal sepsis--why, when, how? A collective review

Life tables are seldom derived at the local level, despite a shift toward health service planning to that level. We calculated life tables by sex for the 42 public health units in Ontario, using 1988 1992 mortality files. Traditional methods of life table construction were compared and validated. Data quality, particularly geographical coding of death certificates, poses the greatest difficulty in deriving accurate life tables for comparison between areas. Migration will affect estimates, but it is best considered during the interpretation of results. Except for the final age interval, methods of modelling life tables have little impact on final life expectancy estimates. It is feasible to calculate local level life tables with data and tools that are readily available. The results highlight the importance of examining such life tables, as variations within a province in life expectancy at birth may be as important as the differences between provinces.     

Measuring quality of life in oncology: is it worthwhile? II. Experiences from the treatment of cancer

This is the second part of the paper on quality of life in cancer patients which appeared in this journal (Montazeri et al., 1996a). In this part experiences from the treatment of cancer are given and relevant literature is reviewed. Several topics have been covered, including new directions and methods in assessing quality of life. It is argued that in a chronic condition, adding life to years instead of years to life is an important task. Adding years to life may prolong survival, but whether this is to the benefit of patients is debatable. Considering patients' views, their values and preferences may improve the quality of care and at the same time, reduce the psychological distress and physical discomfort in patients with cancer. It is concluded that quality of life measures have considerable potential in this challenging issue.     

高效低耗长寿命铝电解槽的综合技术开发与应用

通过研究公司186kA和300kA铝电解槽寿命与大修数据,系统分析了电解槽阴极破损产生的原因,介绍了我公司在延长槽寿命方面应用过的技术成果及正在开展和即将开展的科技攻关内容,确定了我公司未来在延长高效低耗铝电解槽寿命技术攻关的目标：电流效率不低于94．5％、吨铝直流电耗低于12000kW·h,电解槽平均寿命2500～2800d。     

The 1997 Schering Lecture. Quality of life in oncology: nurses' perceptions, values and behaviours

Quality of life is an important dimension of cancer care. Yet, within our current environment of fiscal restraint, restructuring and cancer care system reform, pressures exist which may make it difficult to provide care which attends to issues of quality of life. Oncology nurses are key providers of cancer care and their perspectives on quality of life for cancer patients are very important. In addition, much of the satisfaction oncology nurses experience in their practice emerges from matters related to attending to quality of life issues. Are oncology nurses currently able to incorporate quality of life issues into their daily care of patients? How are they doing so? The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify major themes and dimensions of nurses' perceptions and values related to quality of life and create a profile of the oncology nurse's role in integrating quality of life in nursing practice. A total of 25 oncology nurses in regional cancer centres across Ontario were interviewed. Each semistructured interview was taperecorded and transcribed. Analysis was completed to identify the major themes and dimensions. This presentation will report the findings from the study and will focus on understanding the existing values oncology nurses hold surrounding quality of life, how quality of life is conceptualized, and the patterns of practice and decision-making regarding quality of life.     

Getting a life: The emergence of the life story in adolescence.

In the life story, autobiographical remembering and self-understanding are combined to create a coherent account of one's past. A gap is demonstrated between developmental research on the story-organization of autobiographical remembering of events in childhood and of life narratives in adulthood. This gap is bridged by substantiating D. P. McAdams's (1985) claim that the life story develops in adolescence. Two manifestations of the life story, life narratives and autobiographical reasoning, are delineated in terms of 4 types of global coherence (temporal, biographical, causal, and thematic). A review of research shows that the cognitive tools necessary for constructing global coherence in a life story and the social-motivational demands to construct a life story develop during adolescence. The authors delineate the implications of the life story framework for other research areas such as coping, attachment, psychotherapeutic process, and the organization of autobiographical memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Does it really feel the same? Changes in life satisfaction following repeated life events.

Unemployment, divorce, and marriage are common life events for most people in Western societies. In a longitudinal study, the authors investigated how these life events affect life satisfaction when they occur repeatedly. Data came from the German Socio-Economic Panel, a large-scale representative panel study, and were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Results showed that, in general, life satisfaction decreases with repeated unemployment (sensitization). For repeated divorces, life satisfaction is higher at the second divorce than it had been at the first divorce (adaptation). Finally, life satisfaction is similar at repeated marriages. Neuroticism, extraversion, and gender accounted for interindividual differences in changes in life satisfaction. For instance, the general sensitization pattern associated with repeated unemployment was less pronounced for women. The authors also found main effects of age and the duration of the first event on general differences in life satisfaction. Finally, those with repeated events generally report lower life satisfaction than those with only one occasion of these events, even before the first event actually occurred. Findings show that repeated events can have very different effects on life satisfaction that depend on the nature of the event. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Quality adjusted survival analysis with repeated quality of life measures

One way of examining trade-offs between quantity and quality of life (QOL) is to combine them into a single measure such as quality-adjusted life year (QALY). If censoring occurs, then estimation presents some difficulties. One approach, known as Q-TWiST, is to define a series of health states, use a 'partitioned' survival analysis to calculate the average time in each state, and then weight each state according to its quality of life to calculate QALYs. Such health-state models, however, are unhelpful when the transitions between health states are unclear or if they do not adequately reflect variations in quality of life. We therefore examine an alternative analysis to be used when repeated measures of quality of life are available from individual patients in a clinical trial. The method proceeds by separating quality of life and survival, that is, dQALY/dt = S(t)Q(t), where S(t) is the survival curve, estimated from the standard Kaplan-Meier method, and Q(t) is the quality of life function, derived from individual repeated measures of quality of life. We derive single health-state (QALY) and multiple health-state (Q-TWiST) models and illustrate the approach by comparing different durations of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.     

基于夹杂-细晶粒区-鱼眼疲劳失效的超长寿命预测模型

本文旨在研究夹杂-细晶粒区-鱼眼诱发疲劳失效的超长寿命预测模型.基于Cr-Ni-W合金钢疲劳试验结果,结合局部应力-寿命法和位错-能量法,分别构建了局部裂纹萌生寿命模型(LCIL)和考虑夹杂及细晶粒区影响的裂纹萌生寿命模型(IFCIL),并与Tanaka-Mura模型(T-M)进行了对比分析.其次,分别对细晶粒区内的小裂纹扩展行为和细晶粒区外鱼眼内的长裂纹扩展行为进行建模,最终形成了包含裂纹萌生和扩展在内的全寿命预测模型.结果表明,考虑夹杂及细晶粒区影响的裂纹萌生寿命模型(IFCIL)有较高的预测精度;对应细晶粒区的裂纹萌生寿命几乎等同于全寿命;裂纹扩展寿命仅占据全寿命很小的一部分;预测结果全部处于2倍偏差以内,即全寿命模型可有效地用于夹杂-细晶粒区-鱼眼诱发失效的超长寿命预测.      

Measurement of health-related quality of life in malignant diseases. Does it have any consequences?

The traditional end points of clinical trials in malignant disease are response, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Because a substantial part of cancer treatment is palliative, health-related quality of life should be a major objective in clinical trials. Cancer specific questionnaires, which measure the various quality of life domains and which are tested for reliability, validity and sensitivity to changes in clinical status, are now available. Measurement of health-related quality of life may lead to important conclusions. For instance, results from a Nordic myeloma trial suggest that obtaining an objective response is not a prerequisite for achieving an improved quality of life. They also indicate that the 5 to 6 month plateau phase prolongation obtained by giving interferon alpha-2b in addition to melphalan/prednisone is not associated with any quality of life benefit. Data from the same trial are used to illustrate how quality of life data can be utilized in cost-utility analysis: the cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained by adding interferon was estimated at USD 110,000.