磷酸三丁酯和磷酸三苯酯作为菜籽油添加剂的摩擦学特性

利用四球机考察了磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)作为菜籽油添加剂在不同条件下的摩擦学性能，研究了承载能力和抗磨性与添加剂含量之间的关系，探讨了TBP和TPP在不同负荷下的抗磨作用机理。结果表明，TBP和TPP能明显改善菜籽油的抗磨性，有效提高菜籽油承载能力；相同试验条件下，特别是高负荷的情况，TPP的抗磨性能优于TBP；TBP和TPP的质量分数分别为1．5％和1．0％时，菜籽油的抗磨性最好；其作用机理是由于长链植物油分子的载体作用、添加剂中磷的高反应活性及其和植物油分子的协同作用，低负荷工况下在摩擦金属表面形成一层高强度的吸附膜；高负荷工况下形成摩擦化学反应膜。     

添加萘基功能化离子液体润滑脂的摩擦学性能

以三氟甲基磺酰胺为阴离子,萘基功能化咪唑为阳离子,合成了2种萘基功能化离子液体——1-萘甲基-3-甲基咪唑二(三氟甲基磺酰胺)离子液体([NMMIm]NTf₂)和1-萘甲基-3-丁基咪唑二(三氟甲基磺酰胺)离子液体([NMBIm]NTf₂);并将其添加到聚α烯烃(PAO10)复合锂基润滑脂中,采用四球摩擦试验机考察了其摩擦学性能。结果表明：添加萘基功能化离子液体的复合锂基润滑脂在室温(25℃)和高温(100℃)下均能降低摩擦系数、减小磨斑直径,表现出优异的减摩抗磨性能。通过X射线光电子能谱对磨斑表面元素进行分析,结果表明：萘基功能化离子液体优异的摩擦学性能归因于离子液体中的活性元素N、O、P和S与摩擦副表面的Fe元素发生摩擦化学反应形成的摩擦化学反应膜。     

离子液体润滑剂的摩擦学研究

离子液体具有低熔点、不易燃、挥发性低和热稳定性高等特点,是一种具有发展前途的新型润滑剂.介绍和展望了离子液体润滑剂摩擦学的研究现状和发展方向.     

硼氮化菜籽油水基润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

在菜籽油分子中引入硼和氮，合成了一种新型水基润滑添加剂(BN)，并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定。通过四球试验机考察了在水中的摩擦学性能，用X射线光电子能谱仪对磨痕表面元素进行了分析，探讨了该添加剂的板压抗磨作用机理。结果表明：该硼氮化菜籽油在水中具有优良的抗磨和减摩性能，其润滑作用机理是长链菜籽油分子作为载体与缺电子的硼、高反应活性的免协同作用在摩擦金属表面形成了高强度的吸附膜和(或)摩擦化学反应膜。     

含硫、硼的改性菜籽油润滑添加剂的制备及摩擦学性能

在菜籽油分子中引入硫和硼，合成了一种新型润滑油添加剂，在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察其在菜籽油基础油中的摩擦学性能；采用X射线光电子能谱仪观察分析了钢球磨斑表面元素的化学状态。结果表明，该添加剂具有优良的减摩抗磨作用，其润滑作用机理是长链菜籽油分子的载体作用、硼的缺电子性和硫的高反应活性在钢球表面形成了含硫、硼、氧及碳等元素的表面保护膜。     

PMMA/SiO2纳米杂化材料作为菜籽油添加剂的摩擦学性能

用无皂乳液聚合法,一步制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯／表面有机化二氧化硅（PMMA／SiO2）纳米杂化材料,透射电子显微镜（TEM）形貌照片表明PMMA／SiO2为平均粒径在60nm左右的良好分散圆球。利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了添加剂在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能,结果表明,所合成的PMMA／SiO2纳米杂化材料能改善菜籽油的抗磨性能,提高承载能力和极压能力,并降低摩擦系数,其最佳质量分数为1.0％。     

磷氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂在菜籽油基础油和矿物油中的摩擦学性能

在菜籽油色拉油中引入磷、氮,合成了两种新型润滑油添加剂－磷氮化改性菜籽油添加剂，并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定。通过四球试验机考察了它们在菜籽油和矿物油中的抗磨性能与极压性能；用扫描电子显微镜观察分析磨斑表面的形貌。结果表明：两种磷氮化改性菜籽油添加剂能明显改善菜籽油的抗磨和减摩性能，但在矿物油中的作用不明显。其润滑作用机理是由于长链菜籽油分子的载体作用、磷和氮的高反应活性以及三者的协同作用与摩擦金属表面形成了一层高强度的吸附膜和／或摩擦化学反应膜。     

一种新型润滑剂——离子液体的摩擦学研究现状

随着人们对润滑剂综合性能要求的提高,各国科学家都致力于开发研究高性能的新型润滑材料.离子液体具有低熔点、不易燃、挥发性低和热稳定性高等特点,有望成为理想的、绿色的、极具发展前途的新型润滑剂,离子液体的摩擦学研究已越来越受到关注.文章简述了离子液体的概念、组成和特点,全面介绍了离子液体的摩擦学研究现状,其中包括常见离子液体和功能化离子液体的摩擦学性能研究以及离子液体中纳米微粒的制备及其摩擦学研究情况,并对今后离子液体的摩擦学研究趋势进行了展望.     

含酯基功能化离子液体润滑剂的摩擦学性质

 合成了含酯基官能团的功能化离子液体1-乙酸乙酯基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（[EAMIM]BF₄),对其物化性质进行了测定,并选择了含有相同烷基的传统离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（[BMIM]BF₄)进行对比,在四球摩擦机上研究了这两种离子液体的摩擦学性能,用SEM和XPS对磨斑表面的形貌和主要元素进行了分析,并探讨了两种离子液体不同的润滑机理。结果表明,[EAMIM]BF₄所具有的较高黏度导致其在低载荷下的减摩性稍差,但由于其所含的酯基官能团在摩擦表面形成化学吸附边界润滑膜,故其抗磨性较[BMIM]BF₄好。     

新型马尿酸盐类离子液体的腐蚀性与摩擦学性能

设计开发了3种马尿酸盐类离子液体：1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑马尿酸盐离子液体[BMIM][Hip]、胆碱马尿酸盐离子液体[CHO][Hip]和三丁基十四烷基鏻马尿酸盐离子液体[P₄₄₄₁₄][Hip],通过电化学和摩擦学方法分别考察了这3种离子液体对低碳钢的腐蚀性,及其作为润滑剂对钢/钢摩擦副的摩擦学性能,并与传统1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体([BMIM][BF₄])进行比较。结果表明：传统离子液体[BMIM][BF₄]对低碳钢的腐蚀性较强;合成的3种离子液体对低碳钢的腐蚀性均非常弱,其中[CHO][Hip]对低碳钢的腐蚀性最弱;此外,合成的3种离子液体在钢/钢摩擦副上均表现出优异的摩擦学性能,使用[BMIM][Hip],[CHO][Hip],[P₄₄₄₁₄][Hip]润滑时摩擦副的磨损量分别为使用[BMIM][BF₄]润滑时磨损量的9.3%,5.3%,18.1%。     

菜籽油中苯并噻唑衍生物添加剂的摩擦学行为研究

A novel lubricating oil additive 3-((2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,2,6-dioxazaborocan-6-yloxy)methyl) benzo[d] thiazole-2(3H)-thione(BTD) was synthesized.The product was characterized by FTIR,elemental analysis,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).Four-ball tribological tests showed that the addition of a definite concentration of this additive to rapeseed oil could effectively increase both the load-carrying capacity,resistance to wear,and friction-reducing abilities of the oil.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) observations have confirmed that the additive could result in a reduced diameter of the wear scar.     

羟基改性菜子油润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能

通过四球试验杌考察了羟基化改性菜子油润滑添加剂的抗磨性能与极压性能,用扫描电子显微镜观察分析磨斑表面的形貌,同时进行X射线光电子能谱分析,探讨了羟基化改性菜子油润滑添加剂的极压抗磨作用机理,结果表明：羟基化改性菜子油添加剂能明显改善菜子油的抗磨和减摩性能,其润滑作用机理是由于长链菜子油分子在摩擦面上吸附或发生摩擦化学反应形成了摩擦聚酯膜、氧化铁膜或铁皂共同组成的起抗磨作用的润滑膜。     

Tribological Properties of Functionalized Ionic Liquids Containing Ester-group as Lubricants for Steel-Steel System

A series of functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) containing ester-group were synthesized and their tribological properties as lubricants for steel-steel contact were studied and compared with a non-functionalized ionic liquid and perfluoropolyethers (PFPE). The morphology and chemical composition of the worn scars were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively, and the possible lubrication mechanism of ILs was discussed. As a result, all ILs demonstrated a better lubricity and a much higher load-carrying capacity than PFPE used as lubricants for the steel-steel tribomates system. The functionalized ILs with ester-group showed slightly worse friction reducing ability than their nonfunctionalized counterparts at relatively lower loads owing to their higher viscosity, but then exhibited better antiwear ability because the ester group they contained had not only physical but also strong chemical reactions with the freshly exposed steel surface and formed chemical adsorption boundary films on the worn surface during friction process. Under high loads, some tribochemical reactions took place between the active elements, such as fluorine which were released from the ILs, and fresh metal surfaces of rubbing pairs to form the admixture reaction films, which were mainly composed of ferric fluoride mixed with ferric oxide, leading to lower friction coefficients and good wear resistance.     

Tribological Behaviors of S,B-Containing Morpholine Derivatives as Additives in Rapeseed Oil

Two novel ashless and non-phosphorus S, B-containing morpholine derivatives, MBOC and MBOD, were prepared and their tribological behaviors in rapeseed oil （RSO） were evaluated using a four-ball tester. Thermal degradation tests were conducted to identify their thermal stabilities using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The worn surfaces of the steel balls were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results indicated that the additives possessed high thermal stabilities and good load-carrying capacities. Moreover, they both had good anti-wear and friction reducing property at a relatively high concentration （1.5 m%） and under all test loads. The results of XPS analyses illustrated that the prepared compounds as additives in RSO could form a protective film containing inorganic sulfide, sulfate, oxidized compounds and organic nitrogen-containing compounds on the metal surface during the sliding process.     

Synthesis of Two Novel Additives and Study of Their Tribological Properties in Rapeseed Oil

Two novel ashless additives - benzothiazole derivatives containing boron and chlorine, OBC and BBC, were synthesized. The tribological performances of OBC and BBC at different mass ratios as additives in rapeseed oil （RO） were examined on a four-ball machine. The worn surfaces of the lower steel balls lubricated by oil samples were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The test results showed that OBC and BBC had good solubility in the base oil, and could effectively increase the load-carrying capacity of the base oil. The maximum non-seizure load of oil sample containing 1.5 m% BBC was 1117 N, which was 2.3 times as much as that of the base oil. Both OBC and BBC could improve the anti-wear and corrosion inhibiting performance and thermal stability of the base oil, whose initial decomposition temperatures was above 350 ~C. However, OBC and BBC at different concentrations could increase the friction coefficient of the base oil. The SEM morphology of steel balls lubricated by oil samples containing 1.5 m% additives seemed to be more uniform and smoother than that of the base oil, and the scars formed were very shallow.     

硼氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂对钢-钢摩擦副和钢-镁摩擦夫摩擦学性能的影响

A BN-containing additive,the boron and nitrogen modified rapeseed oil (abbreviated as BNR),was prepared by chemical modification of rapeseed oil with boric and nitrous compounds.The friction and wear performances of the AZ91D magnesium alloy against the GCr15 bearing steel under lubrication of rapeseed oil containing BNR were evaluated on a SRV tribotester.The topography and chemical species of the worn surfaces of magnesium alloy were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS),respectively.The test results indicated that the friction and wear of the magnesium alloy-steel tribomates could be effectively reduced by incorporating BNR into the rapeseed oil lubricant.The friction coefficients and the wear scars of magnesium alloy decreased with an increasing content of BNR.The surface lubricated with the BNR-doped rapeseed oil demonstrated less wear as compared with that lubricated with neat rapeseed oil.The enhanced anti-wear and friction-reducing abilities of rapeseed oil provided by BNR in the lubrication of magnesium alloy against steel were ascribed to the formation of a composite boundary lubrication film due to the strong adsorption of BNR and rapeseed oil onto the lubricated surfaces and their tribochemical reactions with magnesium alloy.     

离子液体用于燃料油深度脱硫的研究进展

首先介绍了加氢催化脱硫和其他脱硫技术的特点,综述了近年来国内外利用离子液体在萃取脱硫、萃取脱硫与氧化脱硫耦合、萃取脱硫与生物脱硫耦合等方面的研究。认为离子液体萃取脱硫具有操作简便、可循环使用、无需氢气、环境友好、能深度脱硫等特点,是一项具有广阔发展前景的技术。若要实现该技术的工业化应用,还需进一步加强离子液体在合成工艺、脱硫选择性及回收再生等方面的研究。