喷涂工艺参数对NICrBSi涂层显微组织和性能的影响

采用微束等离子喷涂系统制备了NiCrBSi涂层。研究了电弧功率、喷涂距离和等离子气体流量对涂层显微组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明,NiCrBSi涂层的致密程度与显微硬度随电弧功率和气体流量的增加而增加。当喷涂距离超过40mm时,喷涂距离对涂层显微硬度没有显著影响。采用微束等离子喷涂工艺制备的NiCrBSi涂层显微硬度可达HV0．2700。     

微束等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层

采用微束等离子喷涂(MPS) 在Ti6Al4V基体上制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层, 并以大气等离子喷涂(APS)为对照. 利用光学显微镜、SEM和XRD分析技术对MPS涂层形貌、相组成和结晶度进行了研究. 结果表明: 在微束等离子喷涂过程中, HA 的分解程度比大气等离子喷涂有显著降低, 除了HA相, 仅形成β-TCP相和非晶相. MPS涂层的结晶度主要受喷涂距离的影响. 喷涂距离较短(<80mm)时, 涂层结晶度高于APS方法制备的涂层. 喷涂距离在130mm时, 涂层结晶度低. 大气等离子喷涂层含有β-TCP、α-TCP、TTCP、CaO和非晶. MPS涂层分解较APS少的主要原因是喷涂过程中HA粒子过热不严重.     

等离子喷涂工艺参数对钽涂层滑动摩擦性能的影响

目前,用等离子喷涂工艺制备钽涂层及对其摩擦性能的研究报道很少。采用等离子喷涂制备钽涂层,并研究了涂层的滑动摩擦性能,探讨了喷涂功率、喷涂距离和送粉速率对喷涂过程中钽粉温度和速度的影响,采用SEM分析了涂层的典型组织结构,用球盘型摩擦磨损试验机测试了室温、无润滑条件下涂层的滑动摩擦性能。结果表明,喷涂功率、喷涂距离和送粉速率对钽飞行粒子的温度和速度都有较大的影响,等离子喷涂优化参数为喷涂功率36kW、喷涂距离150mm、送粉速率45g/min时,钽涂层的组织致密、耐磨性好,密度和硬度分别为15.2g/cm3,759HV,涂层的抗拉强度超过40MPa;涂层的滑动摩擦失效行为主要表现为疲劳剥落,在试验范围内,各种喷涂工艺参数获得的涂层滑动摩擦系数相近。     

等离子喷涂制备钢质涂布刮刀陶瓷涂层

以涂层平面度为评价标准,通过正交试验优化等离子喷涂工艺参数,在普通蓝钢刮刀上制备Al2O3-20%TiO2涂层,并对涂层的显微形貌、结合强度和耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明:弧电流550 A,喷涂距离100 mm,走枪速度0.8 m/s时等离子喷涂制备的Al2O3-20%TiO2涂层平面度最优;涂层具有良好的结合强度和耐磨性,结合强度大于30 MPa;磨粒磨损机理为切削和脆性断裂或脱落磨损.     

Cr元素对电弧喷涂TiB2陶瓷涂层耐磨性能的影响

利用TiB2陶瓷材料的高硬度、高耐磨耐热等一系列优异性能,采用低碳钢带制成粉芯线材,用电弧喷涂工艺在Q235基体上制备耐磨涂层.通过添加Cr元素来优化喷涂工艺,改善涂层性能,并对添加Cr元素后涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能等进行了测试,通过多种手段分析Cr元素的加入对涂层耐磨性能的影响以及涂层磨损机理.结果表明,粉芯中添加Cr元素后,涂层韧性得到很大改善,涂层中组织分布也更加均匀弥散,磨粒磨损性能因此得到较大提高.     

等离子喷涂工艺对钽/钨复合涂层组织结构的影响

采用等离子喷涂方法制备了Ta/W复合涂层,研究了喷涂距离和喷涂功率对Ta/W涂层密度、沉积效率、化学成分和组织结构的影响.结果表明,Ta/W涂层组织致密,钽、钨涂层之间没有明显的界面,涂层密度分别达到14.27 g/mm3和16.86 g/mm3;喷涂功率对钨粉的沉积效率影响较大,喷涂功率低于40 kW以下时钨粉的沉积效率极低;涂层中的氧含量较低,氧化主要发生在熔融粒子飞行过程中,采用惰性气体保护可以减少涂层中的氧含量.     

等离子喷涂Al_2O_3-40%TiO_2陶瓷复合层的微观结构及耐磨性能

为了探讨不同功率下6063铝合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-40%TiO2陶瓷复合层的形貌、组构及其耐磨性能,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机进行了相关研究。结果表明:微米级Al2O3-40%TiO2粉末经过等离子喷涂可以获得弥散分布的纳米级颗粒的陶瓷复合涂层,涂层硬度在1 000 HV以上;当喷涂功率为25～33 kW时,涂层硬度和耐磨性能随喷涂功率的升高而降低。     

低压等离子喷涂MoB/CoCr涂层的组织及耐磨性

采用低压等离子喷涂技术(LPPS)制备MoB/CoCr涂层,对涂层进行磨粒磨损试验研究。采用SEM观察涂层的表面和截面形貌,显微硬度计测试涂层的力学性能,湿式橡胶轮磨粒磨损试验机测试涂层的磨粒磨损性能。结果表明,涂层组织致密,呈层状结构;涂层具有良好的力学性能,显微硬度达到930HV0.3,结合强度在71MPa以上,具有较高的耐磨性能。     

电弧喷涂TiB_2陶瓷涂层Ni含量对其耐磨粒磨损性能的影响

采用TiB2和Al2O3的复合粉末作为粉芯,由低碳钢带包覆制成粉芯线材.通过电弧喷涂工艺制备成含TiB2陶瓷的涂层.采用湿砂橡胶轮磨损试验机对涂层的磨粒磨损性能进行了测试.研究了在粉芯中添加Ni元素后涂层中相组织的变化以及不同的Ni含量对涂层抗磨粒磨损性能的影响.通过XRD、SEM等分析方法研究了涂层磨粒磨损机理.结果表明,所制得的涂层有着优异的抗磨粒磨损性能,且Ni元素对于涂层的抗磨损性能有着重要的改善作用.     

耐锌蚀陶瓷防护层的制备与腐蚀机理初探

采用电弧喷涂法预先在Q235钢试样基体上喷涂FeCrAl粘结层,再利用等离子弧喷涂制备Al2O3陶瓷涂层,分析了陶瓷涂层在500℃静态锌液腐蚀试验中的腐蚀机制及影响因素.通过SEM和XRD分析可知,Al2O3陶瓷涂层与锌液为不互溶材料,起隔离基体与锌液、防止铁锌发生互扩散反应的作用.试验结果表明,等离子喷涂的Al2O3陶瓷涂层能极大地延缓Q235钢腐蚀失效的时间,耐液锌腐蚀性极好;陶瓷涂层的结合强度和涂层厚度是影响耐锌蚀性能的主要因素.     

Effects of spray parameters on the microstructure and property of Al2O3 coatings sprayed by a low power plasma torch with a novel hollow cathode

Al₂O₃ coating is deposited using a low power plasma torch with a novel hollow cathode through axial powder injection under a plasma power up to several kilowatts. The effects of the main processing parameters including plasma arc power, operating gas flow and spray distance on particle velocity during spraying, and the microstructure and property of the coating are investigated. The microstructure of the Al₂O₃ coating is examined using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The property of the coating is characterized by dry rubber wheel abrasive wear test. The velocity of in-flight particle is measured using a velocity/temperature measurement system for spray particle based on thermal radiation from the particle. The dependency of the microstructure and property of the coating on spray particle conditions are examined by comparing the particle velocity, and microstructure and abrasive wear weight loss of subsequent coating deposited by low power plasma spray with those of the coating by conventional plasma spray at a power one order higher. X-ray diffraction analysis of the coating revealed that Al₂O₃ particles during low power plasma spraying reach to sufficiently melting state prior to impact on the substrate with a velocity comparable to that in conventional plasma spraying. The experiment results have shown that processing parameters have significant influence on the particle conditions and performance of deposited Al₂O₃ coating. The coating of comparable microstructure and properties to that deposited by conventional plasma spray can be produced under a power one order lower. From the present study, it can be suggested that a comparable coating can be produced despite plasma power level if the comparable particle velocity and molten state are achieved.     

Surface Refinement of Metal Foams

Aluminium foams produced via the PM‐process are characterized by a moderate specific strength, a high surface roughness, and a poor wear behavior; to increase their mechanical properties and to improve the surface finish, wear and corrosion resistance; thermally sprayed coatings can be applied. The quality of the coating depends on the coating material, the chosen process, the preparation of the surface and spraying parameters. Aluminium alloys and iron based alloys for abrasive applications were deposited via electric arc spraying, ceramic coatings against wear were deposited by means of plasma spraying. Hard metallic coatings for severe abrasive applications were applied by high‐velocity‐oxyfuel spraying (HVOF). The results proved the suitability of this technique to significantly enhance the mechanical properties and the surface finish of metal foams. The specific strength and stiffness of the new composite materials outperform pure metal foams. The corrosion behavior was tested performing a salt spray test.     

超音速电弧喷涂Ti-Al涂层抗滑动磨损性能研究

采用二次正交回归试验设计原理和钛铝双丝超音速电弧喷涂Ti-Al合金复合涂层方法，对LY12铝合金进行了表面强化研究，并采用金相、XRD、SEM、硬度和磨损试验方法，对涂层的组织结构及力学性能进行了表征，考察了喷涂工艺参数对涂层孔隙率、显微硬度和耐滑动磨损性能的影响，研究结果表明：在本文的实验条件下，涂层的体积磨损量、孔隙率、显微硬度与喷涂电压和喷涂距离之间的变化规律，可用回归模型进行描述；随喷涂电压的增大，涂层磨损量逐渐下降；喷涂距离小于220mm时，随喷涂距离的增大涂层磨损量逐渐增大；喷涂距离为220mm时，磨损量达到最大，继续增加喷涂距离，涂层的磨损量逐渐下降；在干摩擦条件下，Ti-Al合金涂层的磨损机制主要以化合物相剥落引起的磨粒磨损和氧化磨损为主。     

超音速火焰喷涂Cr3C2-NiCr涂层磨粒磨损性能的研究

采用橡胶轮磨损试验机，对三种类型粉末制备的超音速火焰喷涂Cr3C2-25%NiCr涂层的磨粒磨损性能进行了试验，研究了喷涂工艺条件和粉末制备工艺对涂层磨损失重量的影响。在运用扫描电镜对涂层磨损表面观察分析的基础上，探讨了该涂层的磨粒磨损失效机制。     

Al-Fe2O3体系等离子反应合成金属颗粒增韧复合陶瓷涂层的研究

利用Al-Fe2O3体系放热反应,采用等离子反应合成技术,制备出了金属颗粒增韧的FeAl2O4-Al2O3-Fe复合陶瓷涂层,并研究分析了复合涂层的组织及其性能.结果表明:等离子反应合成得到了以层状基体相FeAl2O4与硬质相Al2O3为骨架,球状Fe相弥散分布于基体相上的复合涂层;所制得的金属/陶瓷复合涂层的韧性得到明显提高,其韧性优于在同样基材上等离子喷涂的陶瓷涂层;特别是复合涂层具有较高的耐磨性能.     

Microstructural and tribological characterization of air plasma sprayed nanostructured alumina–titania coatings deposited with nitrogen and argon as primary plasma gases

Air plasma sprayed nanostructured Al₂O₃–13wt%TiO₂ coatings were deposited as a function of critical plasma spray parameter (CPSP), defined as the ratio of arc power to primary gas flow rate, using nitrogen and argon as the primary plasma gases. Microstructural features including percentage of α-Al₂O₃ phase, percentage of partially melted/unmelted regions, microhardness, and wear characteristics were evaluated for the deposited coatings. Effect of CPSP on microstructural and wear characteristics of coatings deposited with nitrogen was found to be relatively small. In contrast, significant effect of CPSP on coating characteristics was found for coatings deposited with argon. In wear tests, while strong effect of normal load on weight loss was observed for coatings deposited with nitrogen, weight loss for coatings deposited with argon was nearly independent of applied normal load, at least for coatings deposited at the highest CPSP.     

再制造热喷涂层的残余应力与显微特征的对应关系

利用高效能超音速等离子喷涂(HEPS)、爆炸喷涂(DGS)和高速电孤喷涂(HVAS)三种热喷涂技术制备了不同厚度的Fe-Cr-B-Si和Fe-Cr-B-Si-Mo涂层,利用X射线应力测定仪测定了涂层表面残余应力,并得出表面残余应力与涂层厚度的关系曲线,进一步采用电解剥层法+X射线应力测定法研究了涂层应力沿厚度方向的分布...     

Ti-Al双丝超音速电弧喷涂涂层的滑动磨损特性研究

为了提高铝合金(LY12)的表面耐磨性,采用钛、铝金属丝材和SAS-Ⅰ型超音速电弧喷涂设备,利用二次回归正交试验方法、有润滑滑动磨损试验、涂层显微组织和磨损表面形貌观察、XRD分析,定量分析了喷涂电压和喷涂距离对涂层滑动磨损体积的影响规律,并进行了喷涂工艺参数的优化及其与基体滑动磨损的对比试验.结果表明:在特定的磨损和喷涂条件下,当喷涂距离较小时,随喷涂电压的增大,涂层的体积磨损量逐渐减小;随着喷涂距离的增加,涂层的体积磨损量随喷涂电压的升高逐渐增大,并且喷涂距离越大,涂层的体积磨损量随喷涂电压增大的速率愈大.当喷涂电压比较低时,涂层的体积磨损量随喷涂距离的增大而降低,但是,随喷涂电压的逐渐升高,涂层的体积磨损量随喷涂距离的增大逐渐上升,并且,喷涂电压愈高,其随喷涂距离而增加的速率越快.当喷涂电压和喷涂距离分别为26V和0 236m时,涂层具有最佳的耐滑动磨损性能,根据该工艺参数制成的涂层,其滑动磨损体积仅为LY12铝合金的1/38.84.即在适当的工艺条件下,Ti-Al双丝超音速电弧喷涂涂层对LY12铝合金具有显著的表面耐磨强化作用.     

Influence of particulate morphology on microstructure and tribological properties of cold sprayed A380/Al_2O_3 composite coatings

In this study, three kinds of A380/Al_2O_3 composite coatings were prepared by cold spray(CS) using spherical, irregular and spherical + irregular shaped Al_2O_3 particulates separately mixed in the original A380 alloy powders. The influence of Al_2O_3 particulates' morphology on the microstructural characteristics(i.e.retention of Al_2O_3 content in coatings, coating/matrix interfacial bonding, pore size distribution and morphology etc.) and wear performance of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray computed tomography(XCT) and 3-D optical profilometry. Results indicated that the spherical Al_2O_3 shows obvious tamping effect during deposition process. As a result, the interface showed a wavy shape while the matrix and particulates were mechanical interlocked with much improved adhesion. In addition, the porosity of the coating was minimized and the pores exhibited curved spherical structure with reduced dimensions. The irregular Al_2O_3 particles predominantly displayed the embedding effect together with fragmentation of Al_2O_3 particulates. Consequently, poor coating/matrix interfacial bonding, high porosity and the formation of angular-shaped pores were resulted in the coating. Dry sliding wear tests results revealed that the wear resistance of the coating is directly related with the retained content of Al_2O_3 in the coating. The coating containing irregular Al_2O_3 particulates displayed superior wear performance with its wear rate one seventh of that of the pure A380 alloy coating. The coating containing both kinds of Al_2O_3 particulates showed mixed characteristics of above two kinds of Al_2O_3 composite coatings.