气相色谱法测定伊潘立酮中丙酮、乙醇等多溶剂残留量

目的 :建立毛细管气相色谱法测定伊潘立酮中6种有机残留溶剂的方法。方法 :采用DB-1701(30m×0.32mm×1.0μm)毛细管柱,程序升温:60℃保持1min,然后以6℃/min的升温速率升至83℃,保持8min,再以20℃/min的升温速率升至240℃,保持5min。以DMSO为溶剂,正丁醇为参比物,用校正相对保留时间(RART)定性。结果 :各溶剂能得到较好的分离,精密度、线性关系良好,6种溶剂的平均回收率范围为92.02%~107.83%,RSD值为0.40%~4.56%。结论:本方法简便、准确、灵敏,适合用于伊潘立酮中多种残留溶剂同时测定。     

盐析顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定7-ADCA原料药中有机残留溶剂的含量

目的:建立7-ADCA原料药中3种有机残留溶剂残留量的分离测定方法.方法:采用顶空进样毛细管气相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent DB- 624毛细管柱(30 m×0.53 mm×3.0 μm),载气为氮气,火焰离子化检测器(FID);程序升温,60℃保持9min,然后以10℃/min的速率升温至200℃,保持5min;进样口温度180℃,检测器温度270℃.结果:3种有机残留溶剂能够完全分离,在各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r＞0.999,平均回收率为99.4％,符合规定.结论:该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,准确度好,可作为7-ADCA原料药中有机残留溶剂含量测定的质量控制方法.     

粉末注射成型工艺制备TiC-10%Ni-10%Mo金属陶瓷

以TiC、镍和钼粉为原料,采用粉末注射成型工艺制备了TiC-10%Ni-10%Mo金属陶瓷,研究了脱脂方式、脱脂工艺参数及烧结工艺参数对脱脂速率、脱脂率、脱脂坯质量以及陶瓷相对致密度、硬度等的影响,并得到最优工艺.结果表明:二步脱脂工艺优于单纯的热脱脂;优化的脱脂工艺是先在正庚烷中进行溶剂脱脂,然后进行后续热脱脂,以3.5℃·min-1速率从室温升至60℃,再以2.2℃·min-1叫速率升温至300℃并保温20 min,最后以3.3℃·min-1叫速率升温至600℃,保温30 min;最优烧结工艺是(1 500～ 1 530)℃× 2 h;所得金属陶瓷的相对致密度高达99%,硬度在95 HRA以上,平均晶粒尺寸小于5μm.     

顶空气相色谱法测定硫酸羟基氯喹中的残留溶剂

目的:采用顶空气相色谱法测定硫酸羟基氯喹中残留有机溶剂甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯、二氯甲烷的含量.方法:氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),以10％N-N二甲基甲酰胺水溶液为溶剂,采用PE毛细管柱30m× 0.25mm× 1.8μm,初始温度40℃,保持4min,以10℃·min-1的升温速度升至180℃,保持1min;检测室温度:250℃;汽化室温度:200℃,柱流量(N2):0.5mL·min-1,分流比10∶1,实现了各组分的基线分离.结果:样品中各有机溶剂残留量均符合要求.结论:经方法学试验验证,该方法灵敏、准确、可靠,适用于硫酸羟基氯喹有机溶剂残留量的测定.     

顶空气相色谱法测定吲哚酮类衍生物DHGA的溶剂残留量

目的 :建立顶空气相色谱法测定吲哚酮类衍生物DHGA中乙醇、甲醇、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷等4种残留溶剂的分析方法。方法 :采用石英毛细管DB-WAX柱(30m×0.45mm×0.85μm),FID检测器;进样口温度为140℃,检测器温度为250℃;程序升温:初始温度为35℃,保持10min,然后以10℃·min~(-1)的速率升至200℃,保持7min。以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,载气为氮气。结果 :乙醇、甲醇、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷的线性范围分别为24.96~99.86μg·m L~(-1)(r=0.9995)、15.04~60.15μg·m L~(-1)(r=0.9996)、3.64~14.55μg·m L~(-1)(r=0.9995)、3.05~12.19μg·m L~(-1)(r=0.9996)。乙醇平均回收率为100.7%(RSD=2.78%)、甲醇平均回收率为101.3%(RSD=1.57%)、四氢呋喃平均回收率为99.96%(RSD=1.36%)、二氯甲烷平均回收率为99.05%(RSD=2.09%)。结论 :该方法能够准确、快速测定这4种残留溶剂,适用于DHGA中残留溶剂测定。     

气相色谱法测定香兰素衍生物VND中的残留溶剂

目的用毛细管气相色谱法建立VND中4种残留溶剂的测定方法。方法采用DB-Wax(30m×0.45mm,0.85μm)毛细管柱,载气为氮气,FID检测器。程序升温,柱温:起始温度为35℃,保持17min,然后以30℃/min的速率升至200℃,保持8min。进样口温度:200℃,检测器温度:250℃。分流直接进样,二甲基亚砜为溶剂,正丁醇为内标物,内标法测定残留溶剂的含量。结果在考察范围内呈良好的线性关系(甲醇r=0.9996,异丙醇r=0.9996,乙醇r=0.9995,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺r=0.9995),平均回收率为96%～103%,理论塔板数大于10000,相邻峰分离度均大于1.5,精密度、重复性的RSD均小于3%。结论本法简单、结果准确、重复性好,可同时检测VND中甲醇、异丙醇、乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺4种残留溶剂。     

气相色谱法测定雌激素化合物S21中的残留溶剂

用毛细管气相色谱法建立S21中4种残留溶剂的测定方法。采用DB-Wax(30m×0.45mm,0.85μm)毛细管柱,载气为氮气,FID检测器。采用程序升温,柱温:起始温度为50℃,保持5min,然后以30℃/min的速率升至200℃,保持7min。进样口温度:250℃,检测器温度:250℃。分流直接进样,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,乙腈为内标物,内标法测定残留溶剂的含量。在考察范围内呈良好的线性关系(乙醇r=0.9997,丙酮r=0.9997,乙酸乙酯r=0.9998,甲苯r=0.9999),平均回收率为97%～100%,理论塔板数大于10000,相邻峰分离度均大于2,精密度、重复性的RSD均小于3%。本法简单、结果准确、重复性好,适用于S21中乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、甲苯4种残留溶剂的同时检测。     

气相色谱法测定硫酸氢氯吡格雷中残留溶剂

目的:建立顶空气相色谱法,测定硫酸氢氯吡格雷中丙酮、异丙醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯5种残留溶剂方法。方法 :采用DB-624(6%-氰丙基苯-94%-二甲基硅氧烷共聚物,30m×0.53mm,df=3.0μm)毛细管柱,检测器:FID;温度:250℃;气化室温度:220℃;载气:氮气;流速:4.0m L/min;程序升温:40℃,保持8min,以80℃/min的速度升至200℃保持3min。结果:此色谱条件下,5种溶剂均能得到良好的分离,空白对照无干扰。丙酮、异丙醇和乙酸乙酯在浓度0.25~0.7250mg/m L(r=0.9999、r=0.9985、r=0.9976)范围内,二氯甲烷在浓度0.03~0.0870mg/m L(r=0.9989)范围内,乙腈在浓度0.0205~0.0595mg/m L(r=0.9965)范围内,线性关系良好。平均回收率(n=9)分别为丙酮99.57%(RSD=3.86%)、异丙醇100.03%(RSD=4.38%)、乙腈105.11%(RSD=3.32%)、二氯甲烷99.99%(RSD=3.01%)、乙酸乙酯99.71%(RSD=3.19%)。结论 :方法测定结果准确,灵敏简便,可有效检测硫酸氢氯吡格雷中有机溶剂残留量。     

顶空气相色谱法测定抗血栓药Y19中残留溶剂

目的建立测定抗血栓药Y19中残留溶剂的顶空毛细管气相色谱法。方法采用程序升温法,FID检测器,色谱柱为DB-624毛细管柱(30.0m×0.53mm,df=3.0μm),载气为氯气,进样口温度250℃,柱温50℃,保持8min,以40℃/min的速度升到200℃,保持3min,检测器温度250℃,顶空温度为80℃。结果在该实验条件下,二氯甲烷、DMF、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、乙醇、异丙醚的浓度与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,平均回收率在95%～105%之间,RSD<3%,符合药典规定。结论所用顶空气相色谱法简便、准确、灵敏度高。适用于本药物残留溶剂的测定。     

顶空进样气相色谱法同时测定DP中7种有机溶剂残留量

建立DP原料药中甲醇、乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、异丙醇、二氯甲烷及甲苯等7种溶剂残留量的测定方法。方法:采用顶空进样法,DMSO为溶剂,气相色谱条件:色谱柱为DB-624石英毛细管柱;柱温:40℃,保持12min,以50℃/min的速率升温至200℃,保持4.5min。气化室温度:120℃;检测器温度:FID,200℃;载气流速:氮气,7.0mL/min。结果表明,本方法简单,快捷,灵敏,可有效用于该药有机溶剂残留量的控制。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.