FN应力下超薄栅N-MOSFET失效的统计特征及寿命预测

通过对不同氧化层厚度的N-MOSFET在各种条件下加速寿命实验的研究,发现栅电压漂移符合Weibull分布.Weibull分布统计分析表明,5.0、7.0和9.0nm器件在27和105C下本征失效的形状因子相同,即本征失效的失效机制在高低温度下相同.非本征失效的比例随温度升高而增大.在此基础上得出平均寿命(t50)与加速电场E成指数关系,进而提出了器件的寿命预测方法.此方法可预测超薄栅N-MOSFET在FN应力下的寿命.     

GaN HEMT器件寿命预测方法及理论研究

GaN HEMT器件以其优良的性能被广泛使用于各种领域的电子设备中。由于其经常被使用于高频、高温和高辐射的环境中,过高的环境应力会加速器件的损伤。当损伤达到一定程度时,就会引起器件失效,甚至导致整个系统失效。因此外加应力下GaN HEMT器件寿命成为了当前研究的热点。本文基于不同机构对GaN HEMT器件的三温度直流测试结果,运用多元线性回归法和图估计法对GaN HEMT器件在正常使用温度下的寿命进行预测。预测结果表明,GaN HEMT器件在正常使用时,器件沟道温度为150℃的情况下,中位寿命大于107小时;在累积失效概率达23%时,3.6mm栅宽器件与1.25mm栅宽器件的正常工作时间均为5.04×105小时,累积失效概率在23%以上时,1.25mm栅宽器件的寿命明显较3.6mm栅宽器件长。     

Weibull分布下基于MAM的白光OLED寿命预测

为了得到白光有机发光二极管(OLED)寿命信息,降低试验成本,开展了三组恒定电流应力加速寿命试验。采用Weibull函数描述其寿命分布,基于图分析法(MAM)和MATLAB绘制的Weibull概率双坐标纸,描点作图并估计形状参数和尺度参数,实现了白光OLED的寿命预测。数值结果表明,白光OLED样品在各加速应力下失效机理保持不变,加速模型满足逆幂定律,精确计算的加速参数使得OLED寿命快速估算成为可能。     

Si IGBT和SiC MOSFET分立器件封装可靠性对比

为了明确SiC金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)与Si绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)寿命差异的原因，在相同结温条件下对上述两种分立器件进行功率循环试验。试验结果表明，SiC MOSFET的寿命大于Si IGBT的寿命。若将两组试验负载电流等效一致，则SiC MOSFET的寿命约为Si IGBT的1/4。为了揭示寿命差异的根本原因，即失效机理的探究，建立了两种器件电-热-力多物理场有限元模型并在功率循环试验条件下进行仿真，结果表明造成寿命差异的原因是Si、SiC材料与铝材料之间的热膨胀系数差异不同，导致器件在功率循环中受到循环热应力时产生的塑性应变不同。研究结果为提高SiC MOSFET的寿命提供了理论参考。     

基于加速因子不变原则的失效机理一致性检验

针对加速试验中产品的失效机理是否发生改变的问题,基于加速因子不变原则,研究了工程上应用较为广泛的Weibull寿命分布失效机理一致性的检验方法.将Weibull分布转化为I型极值分布,进而研究极值分布尺度参数的统计检验方法,并采用尺度参数的Ansari-Bradley方法进行检验.结合Arrhenius加速模型,基于最...     

中功率微波砷化镓场效应晶体管可靠性研究

对WC55中功率微波砷化镓场效应晶体管进行的高温固定偏置加速寿命试验研究表明:该器件在70℃环境温度下的MTTF达7.3×10~5小时以上,已接近国外类似器件的可靠性水平;同时还揭示出器件早期失效模式有栅源烧毁、饱和漏电流下降及栅-源击穿电压降低等三种.根据加速寿命试验结果,提出了器件通过室温250小时LTPD为20%的工作寿命试验和500小时LTPD为15%的工作寿命试验的两种最佳筛选条件.室温工作寿命试验结果证明所提出的筛选条件是合理的.     

SiC MOSFET单粒子漏电退化的影响因素

高压功率器件是未来航天器进一步发展的关键,对SiC金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)等高压大功率器件的抗辐射研究亟待突破。在不同偏置条件下对器件的单粒子效应(SEE)进行实验,结果表明,SiC MOSFET单粒子漏电退化效应与漏源电压、离子注量以及反向栅源电压呈正相关。为进一步研究SiC MOSFET单粒子效应机理,结合实验数据进行TCAD仿真,发现器件发生单粒子效应时存在两种失效模式,第一种失效模式与Si基MOSFET类似,而第二种失效模式与SiC器件的特有结构密切相关,容易形成更高的分布电压,导致栅氧化层烧毁失效。该结果为抗辐照加固器件的研究提供了理论支撑。     

NMOS管热载流子衰退效应评价模型及寿命预测方法研究

热载流子是器件可靠性研究的热点之一.特别对于亚微米器件,热载流子失效是器件失效的一个最主要方面.通过对这种失效机理及其失效模型的研究,为设计和工艺提供帮助,从而有效降低由热载流子引起的电路失效,提高电路可靠性.本文主要针对几种典型工艺的栅氧厚度(例如:Tox分别为150 (A)、200 (A)、250 (A))的NMOSFET进行加速应力实验,提取寿命模型的相关参数,估算这些器件在正常工作条件下的寿命值,对亚微米工艺器件寿命进行快速评价.     

GaN HEMT微波功率管直流和射频加速寿命试验

分别选用南京电子器件研究所研制的1.25mm栅宽GaN HEMT和12mm栅宽GaN功率管,对小栅宽器件进行三温直流加速寿命试验,评估其直流工作可靠性,试验结果表明该器件在125℃沟道温度条件下工作的失效率为1.86×10-9/h;对大栅宽器件进行脉冲射频加速寿命试验,评估其射频工作可靠性,试验结果表明该器件在125℃沟道温度条件下工作的失效率小于1.02×10-7/h。     

高压LDMOS准饱和效应研究

借助于SILVACO TCAD仿真工具,研究了高压LDMOS电流准饱和效应(Quasi-saturation effect)的形成原因。通过分析不同栅极电压下漂移区的耗尽情况以及沟道与漂移区电势、电场和载流子漂移速度的分布变化,认为当栅压较低时,LDMOS的本征MOSFET工作在饱和区,栅压对源漏电流的钳制明显,此时沟道载流子速度饱和;而在大栅压下,随着沟道导电能力的增加以及漂移区两端承载的电压的增大,本征MOSFET两端压降迅速降低,器件不能稳定地工作在饱和区而进入线性工作区,此时沟道中的载流子速度不饱和。LDMOS器件的源漏电流的增大主要受漂移区影响,栅压逐渐失去对器件电流的控制,此时增大栅压LDMOS器件的源漏电流变化很少,形成源漏电流的准饱和效应。最后,从器件工作过程对电流与栅压的关系进行了理论分析,并从理论结果对电流准饱和效应进行了深入分析。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.