采用低温等离子体技术净化柴油机排气微粒

本文对当前柴油机排气微粒后处理技术进行了分析，总结了低温等离子体技术在柴油机排气微粒后处理领域的应用情况，介绍了国内外的一些主要研究成果，并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

柴油机排气低温等离子体净化技术

低温等离子体技术是一项全新的柴油机排气后处理净化技术，它能同时对柴油机的多种排放有害物进行净化。本文介绍NTP净化排气的机理，并对NTP柴油机排气净化应用研究的关键技术进行了详细阐述。     

柴油机Pre-turbo排气后处理技术简介

本文对柴油机Pre-turbo排气后处理技术进行了综述,介绍了该方面国外主要研究进展,讨论了Pre-turbo技术应用于柴油机排气后处理时的技术优势、存在的问题以及今后的发展方向。     

柴油机排气后处理技术的现代进展

柴油机排气后处理技术是降低柴油机排放的有效技术之一，是柴油机排放控制的关键技术，介绍柴油机De-NOx和减低PM的相关技术，机理及其现代进展。     

柴油机排气后处理技术的研究进展及存在的问题

简要介绍了国内外柴油机排气后处理最新技术及其应用现状 ,阐述了它们各自的特点以及有待改进的方面 ,并对满足未来超低排放法规的柴油机排气后处理技术进行了展望。     

柴油机微粒排放后处理技术的研究现状及发展趋势

本文介绍了柴油机微粒排放后处理控制技术研究的意义；系统综述了柴油机排气微粒后处理技术的研究现状及发展趋势。     

汽车柴油机排气微粒后处理系统的开发及研究

介绍所开发研制的以过滤体微波再生技术为基础的汽车柴油机排气微粒后处理系统的总体组成、工作原理及其特点。对装有６１１０Ａ型柴油机和排气微粒后处理系统的ＣＡ１４１型柴油车进行了整车台架及道路试验,考核了微粒后处理系统在柴油车实际使用条件下的净化效率、系统的工作可靠性和耐久性。研究了后处理系统对汽车动力性的影响以及降噪能力。研究结果表明,后处理系统基本满足设计要求。     

柴油机排放控制技术的发展

简要介绍柴油机的有害排放物质，重点回顾近几年柴油机排放控制技术的进展。提出现代柴油机有害排放物的控制是一个综合的、系统的工程，以改进柴油机设计技术为核心，与燃料改质和排气后处理系统相结合将是未来降低排放研究的主要思路。并对柴油机排放控制技术未来的研究重点进行了预测。     

柴油机排气后处理技术

用排气后处理方法来降低柴油机有害排放量已成为一个重要的研究方向。本文分析了柴油机排气后处理装置的结构、效率及存在的问题,并且给出了一些结构实例和研究结果。     

德国和瑞士公司组建柴油机排气后处理系统合资公司

德国Tognum集团和瑞士Hug工程公司已经达成协议，合作成立一家生产柴油机排气后处理系统的合资公司。合资公司将于2008年10月1日成立，总部设在瑞士。合资公司成立后，将合作确保MTU2000、4000和8000系列柴油机能够装上标准化的排气后处理系统。     

车用直喷式柴油机喷嘴参数对排放影响的研究

本文详细的介绍了喷嘴的结构参数对降低直喷式柴油机的排放水平所起的作用和影响。在燃烧室形状不变的情况下，研究如何合理匹配直喷式柴油机喷嘴的各种结构参数。本文还提出了通过喷注在燃烧室壁面上的落点位置来分析喷嘴空间角度参数对燃烧室与喷嘴匹配性能影响的方法。     

Effect of hydrogen enrichment in the intake air of diesel engine fuelled with honge biodiesel blend and diesel

In the current investigation, the enrichment of hydrogen with the honge biodiesel blend and diesel is used in a compression ignition engine. The biodiesel is derived from the honge oil and mixed with diesel fuel by 20% (v/v). Thereafter, hydrogen at different volume flow rates (10 and 13 lpm) is introduced into the intake manifold. The outcomes by enrichment of hydrogen on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics are investigated by examining the brake thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, HC, CO, CO₂, NOₓ emissions, in-cylinder pressure, combustion duration, and rate of heat release. The engine fuelled with honge biodiesel blend is found to enhance the thermal efficiency, combustion characteristics. Compare to diesel, the BTE increased by 2.2% and 6% less fuel consumption for the HB20 + 13H₂ blend. Further, reduction in the emission of exhausts gases like CO and HC by 21% and 24%, respectively, are obtained. This is due to carbon-free structure in hydrogen. Moreover, due to high pressure in the cylinder, there is a slight increase in oxides of nitrogen emission compare to diesel. The combustion characteristics such as rate of heat release, combustion duration, and maximum ₂rate of pressure rise and in-cylinder pressure are high due to hydrogen.     

固定床气化炉烧废木料运行特性的试验研究

根据生物质气化原理,设计了上吸式中间排气固定床气化炉,并用废木料对其进行实验,研究原料特性,空气量与生产能力的关系,并分析了燃气成分、热值,及炉内温度分布的数据.证明上吸式中间排气固定床气化炉的可行性.     

Transfert de masse sur une plaque finie placée en regard d''une matrice de jets: influence des reprises et de la forme des orifices d''injection

Using a cold hydraulic facility, we determine the convective mass transfer coefficients: local and global, from the surface of a flat plate segment impinging by axisymetrical circular jets coming through inline holes and pipe injectors from a plenum facing the plate. After the impact, the fluid is extracted from the confined space located between the plate and the plenum by means of exhausts whose influence we intend to examine: number and location. We show that transfers are increased by 5% when the extraction occurs by four exhausts and not by only one. As for the exhaust location (height), it clearly appears that the parameter is more significant since the local and global mass transfer increase can reach 15% when we move away the exhausts from the injection plane of the plenum. The comparison of the two configurations, with holes and pipe injectors, points out that the second one has an advantage over the first one which can be materialized by a mass transfer increase of 17%. A dynamic wall study, based on measurements of local friction and fluid direction gives a realistic view of flow structures and allows us to explain in a satisfying way the transfer evolution obtained.     

CO2 abatement by co-firing of natural gas and biomass-derived gas in a gas turbine

In this work, a possible way for partial CO₂ emissions reduction from gas turbine exhausts by co-firing with biomass is investigated. The basic principle is the recirculation of a fraction of the exhausts (still rich in oxygen) to a gasifier, in order to produce syngas to mix with natural gas fuel. As biomass is a CO₂ neutral fuel, the fraction of replaced natural gas is a measure of CO₂ removal potential of the powerplant.     

增压中冷车用柴油机EGR率阶跃工况响应

利用实时EGR率测量系统及瞬态工况测控平台对增压中冷柴油机废气再循环(EGR)阶跃工况下的EGR率、进气量、发动机转矩、燃烧过程特征参数、排气烟度及气态有害排放物的响应历程进行了试验研究.试验结果表明:在1 600 r/min5、0%负荷工况,EGR率从0分别阶跃到3%、5%、13%和28%时,EGR率、进气流量及发动机有效转矩响应速度较快且相近,均为0.5 s左右;排气烟度和以最高燃烧压力表征的缸内燃烧过程趋于稳定状态历时较长且时间相近,不同EGR率阶跃时均为2.5 s左右;以气态有害物排放表征的柴油机排放响应历时最长为6 s左右.这说明在EGR阶跃工况下,当EGR率达到稳定时,由于燃烧边界条件存在迟滞效应,从而会导致燃烧过程、有害物排放存在较长的延迟.     

低浓度甲烷稀土催化燃烧实验研究

制备了碳化硅蜂窝陶瓷载体稀土催化剂,对甲烷进行稀土催化燃烧实验研究。实验测量了催化燃烧温度和尾气组分,并对催化燃烧反应的甲烷转化率进行计算和分析。实验结果表明：在200～400℃甲烷转化率在92％左右,在500～800℃甲烷转化率达到99％以上,而且尾气中的CO,NOx和HC含量非常低。     

The comparison of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics of sesame oil–diesel fuel mixture with diesel fuel in a direct injection diesel engine

The use of vegetable oils as a fuel in diesel engines causes some problems due to their high viscosity compared with conventional diesel fuel. Various techniques and methods are used to solve the problems resulting from high viscosity. One of these techniques is fuel blending. In this study, a blend of 50% sesame oil and 50% diesel fuel was used as an alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel engine. Engine performance and exhaust emissions were investigated and compared with the ordinary diesel fuel in a diesel engine. The experimental results show that the engine power and torque of the mixture of sesame oil–diesel fuel are close to the values obtained from diesel fuel and the amounts of exhaust emissions are lower than those of diesel fuel. Hence, it is seen that blend of sesame oil and diesel fuel can be used as an alternative fuel successfully in a diesel engine without any modification and also it is an environmental friendly fuel in terms of emission parameters.     

柴油机燃用不同比例菜籽油生物柴油和乙醇柴油的对比试验研究

在一台S195直喷柴油机上进行燃料燃烧对比试验,试验结果表明,燃用生物柴油和乙醇柴油会使柴油机的动力性有所下降,其中菜籽油生物柴油的动力性接近纯柴油燃料的动力性,乙醇柴油的动力性相对较差。生物柴油和乙醇柴油的油耗率都比纯柴油要高,生物柴油的油耗率要高于乙醇柴油。但随负荷的增大,这种差距呈下降趋势。生物柴油和乙醇柴油在较大工况范围都可以保持比纯柴油燃料较低的CO排放量。低负荷状态下改善不明显,甚至会增大;高负荷工况下,混合燃料的CO排放比纯柴油降低较多。绝大部分工况下,生物柴油和乙醇柴油燃料的HC排放都比纯柴油高。绝大部分工况下,生物柴油和乙醇柴油的NOx排放和碳烟排放都比纯柴油低,其中生物柴油的表现优于乙醇柴油。     

生物油/柴油乳化燃料用于柴油机的试验研究

为研究生物油/柴油乳化燃料作为柴油机燃料的性能,通过添加适量乳化剂配制成乳化燃料并在柴油机上燃用,分析了乳化燃料的燃烧特性、经济性、排放特性及对柴油机的影响.结果表明:生物油与柴油可以通过乳化形成较稳定的乳化燃料且可将其用于柴油机,但燃油消耗率比柴油高,热效率比单一柴油低;CH和CO排放增加,NO_x排放降低;使用一段时间后,供油管路中的橡胶密封件出现溶胀效应,排放因喷油器被磨蚀而随时间呈非正常变化.试验对进一步研究生物油在柴油机上的应用具有重要意义.