共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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微波有机合成及反应器的新进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
简述了微波促进有机合成反应的机理 ,讨论了微波密闭合成反应技术、微波常压合成反应技术、微波连续合成反应技术及微波干法合成反应技术在近年来的进展情况。分析了家用微波炉的缺点 ,对目前国内外实验用微波反应器在有机合成应用中的不足之处进行了评价 ,结合本教研室所做的工作 ,介绍了有机合成专用微波炉。展望了微波有机合成的发展前景。 相似文献
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在恩德粉煤气化炉分离器后串联1台高温反应器,将煤气中的带出物进行二次反应,可以使煤气中的有效气体积分数由70%提高至80%左右,碳利用率可由87%左右提高至95%以上,冷煤气效率由80.0%提高至88.5%,年增经济效益1149万元,3年可收回成本。通过对模拟计算结果分析,串联高温反应器是可行的. 相似文献
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脱氢反应器是苯乙烯装置的关键设备。着重对脱氢反应器的国产化过程中遇到的一些难点问题进行了分析,具体说明了解决问题的方案和措施。为我国自行设计、制造高温压力容器提供了一些经验。 相似文献
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Downer reactor, in which gas and solids move downward co-currently, has unique features such as the plug-flow reactor performance and relatively uniform flow structure compared to other gas-solids fluidized bed reactors, e.g., bubbling bed, turbulent bed and riser. Downer is therefore acknowledged as a novel multiphase flow reactor with great potential in high-severity operated processes, such as the high temperature, ultra-short contact time reactions with the intermediates as the desired products. Typical process developments in industry have directed to (1) the new-generation refinery process for cracking of heavier feedstock to gasoline and light olefins (e.g., propylene) as by-products; and (2) coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma which opens up a direct means for producing acetylene, i.e., a new route to synthesize chemicals from a clean coal utilization process. This paper is to give a comprehensive review on the development of fundamental researches on downer reactors as well as the particular industrial demonstrations for the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of heavy oils and coal pyrolysis in thermal plasma. 相似文献
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太阳能高温热化学反应器研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将高温光热转换和热化学过程集成,可使太阳能和化石资源(包括水或生物质)提级为氢或合成气资源,是热点课题之一。太阳能高温反应器是实现该过程的关键,但存在均温性差、转化效率低及反应物烧结失效的缺点。本文简述了太阳能高温热化学转化过程的原理,回顾了其由直接热解水制氢演变至化石资源改质和提级的历程,分析了塔式和碟式高温热发电集热器(也称为吸热器或接收器)移植用作太阳能高温反应器的可行性及其局限。综述了直接照射式和间接照射式太阳能高温反应器的研究进展,评述了热管(板)在改善太阳能高温反应器均温性和提高传热效率上的优势,阐述了间接照射式太阳能高温反应器在热化学转化过程的典型示范。指出基于热管(板)的间接照射式太阳能高温反应器为主导发展方向之一。 相似文献
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《Computers & Chemical Engineering》2001,25(2-3):191-201
The correlation analysis (CRA) theory is an important tool in the system identification field. Among its utilities, the correlation analysis enables the mathematical modeling of a process, through the estimate of its impulse response. This model can be used directly, as in some control algorithms, or, at least, can allow the attainment of important preliminary dynamic information that is valuable in constructing a parametric model of the system. This paper presents the mathematical development of the multivariable correlation analysis and its application to simulated and experimental data. Results show that the present method is effective in identifying an industrial polymerization reactor and overperforms the one commonly used, that suggests the use of the monovariable correlation analysis even for multivariable systems. A numeric analysis of the problem is also done and some guidelines are proposed to overcome possible problems. 相似文献
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This work presents the analysis of a slurry polymerization stirred tank reactor for the production of high-density polyethylene. A coordination mechanism is adopted including initiation, propagation, first order deactivation, hydrogen transfer, ethylene transfer, transfer to co-catalyst and β-hydride elimination. Two site types are considered each one with its own kinetic constants. A non-uniform solid phase is considered and in the particle there is a radial distribution of chemical species such as the living and dead polymer chains. In this sense, a general local balance is proposed, providing state equations for the moments of chain length distribution and for the active site concentrations that are treated together with all others modeling scales. The multigrain model approach was adopted, combined with a simulation strategy applying orthogonal collocation. The simulation procedure handles all the equations simultaneously and the model is capable of predicting the behavior of operation variables and variables associated with the polymer properties. 相似文献
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电脑刻花镜作为一种高档装饰镜,近年来已越来越受到人们的欢迎,其花形的制做也越来越多样化、个性化.由此带来的花形的抛光处理难度也越来越大,而抛光处理的好坏又直接影响着整个花形的制做效果和镜面质量.本人在长期的生产实践中也不时遇到刻花线局部抛不亮的现象,即常说的白道现象,在处理的过程中逐渐发现了一定的规律和方法,同时,对在设计各种花型时,如何巧用坐标系也一并小结. 相似文献
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Arnold M. Goldstein 《Chemical engineering science》1973,28(4):1021-1029
A general technique for treating industrial chemical reactor mixing problems is presented. This technique involves mathematical analysis to predict reactor performance in terms of the parameters of a realistic flow model. The variables of the system model are then coupled with the parameters of agitator design and operation through a simulation vessel mixing study. In this way, reactor performance can be expressed in terms of agitator design. The application of this approach to the solution of an industrial chemical reactor design problem is discussed. 相似文献
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