基于XML智能答疑系统的知识库构建

随着网络的普及,以及社会发展的需要,智能答疑系统成为研究的热点之一.文章首先介绍了智能答疑系统的应用背景,然后分析了XML的特点及优势,最后给出了利用XML存储知识库的方法,并结合实例给予说明.结果表明,基于XML构建知识库是可行和有效的.     

分布式智能答疑系统的知识库构建与维护研究

构建知识库是搭建分布式环境下智能答疑系统平台的关键环节。文中针对如何表示各站点知识库中的知识以及如何构建和维护知识库问题，提出用XML表示知识来构建知识库，通过使用DOM树来维护知识库，并给出了知识库的组织结构图及XML的DTD文件。实验表明，用该方法构建的知识库便于在系统平台下实现资源共享和知识库维护。     

分布式智能答疑系统的知识库构建与维护研究

构建知识库是搭建分布式环境下智能答疑系统平台的关键环节。文中针对如何表示各站点知识库中的知识以及如何构建和维护知识库问题,提出用XML表示知识来构建知识库,通过使用DOM树来维护知识库,并给出了知识库的组织结构图及XML的DTD文件。实验表明,用该方法构建的知识库便于在系统平台下实现资源共享和知识库维护。     

一种实用智能答疑系统在现代远程教育中的应用

简要介绍了现代教育及答疑系统的应用,分析了目前答疑系统存在的一些问题,提出了一个实用的智能答疑系统的模型。通过XML技术组织答案知识库,利用基于统计的方法进行分词与匹配,有效地提高了查询的精度。通过对知识进行系统的分类以及与学员的交互,缩小了搜索范围和时间,提高了答案的命中率。     

一种用于网上学习的智能答疑模型

对Web平台上E-lerarning系统智能答疑模型进行了讨论。着重论述了问题答疑模型的体系结构，交互式问与答的实现方法，答疑知识库系统等问题。并通过一个具体的实例介绍了智能答疑系统的功能与特点。     

基于知识本体的智能答疑系统知识库——以“大学计算机基础”课程为例

答疑系统的智能化程度是影响精品课程持续性发展的重要因素。文章提出基于知识本体建立智能答疑系统知识库,可以自动生成相关知识领域较全面的问题和相应答案,使学生输入问题后能很快在知识库中找到答案,大大提高学生对于答疑系统的利用率,也可以增强学生对于精品课程的兴趣。     

相似度计算在智能答疑系统中的研究及应用

随着远程教育的不断发展,智能答疑系统成为现代教育的一个必要组成部分,它是人工智能、信息检索和自然语言处理等技术的结合,无论是基于知识库还是基于自由文本的答疑系统其智能性和准确率都受到语句相似度计算这一关键技术的影响。为了提高智能答疑系统的准确率和智能性,采用了基于权重的语句特征向量模型。实验表明基于权重的语句相似度计算方法有较高的准确率,从而使得智能答疑系统的效率得到了一定的提高。     

相似度计算在智能答疑系统中的研究及应用

随着远程教育的不断发展,智能答疑系统成为现代教育的一个必要组成部分,它是人工智能、信息检索和自然语言处理等技术的结合,无论是基于知识库还是基于自由文本的答疑系统其智能性和准确率都受到语句相似度计算这一关键技术的影响。为了提高智能答疑系统的准确率和智能性,采用了基于权重的语句特征向量模型。实验表明基于权重的语句相似度计算方法有较高的准确率,从而使得智能答疑系统的效率得到了一定的提高。     

基于本体的个性化智能答疑系统的设计

针对目前智能答疑系统存在着没有充分考虑学生个体差异性的现象,本文提出了一个基于本体的个性化智能答疑系统,利用本体构建专业领域知识库,使系统实现在语义层次上检索学生的提问,系统同时通过网络教学系统获取学生的学习行为特征,并以此为条件过滤系统检索的结果,以向学生提供适合其学习的答案集。经实验表明,本系统能提供较强的个性化智能答疑服务。     

基于智能技术的远程教育答疑系统研究

网上答疑系统是现代远程教育系统中不可缺少的一部分,然而当前的答疑系统只是根据用户的输入对题库中的问题进行简单的关键词匹配,查询精度和用户界面满足不了用户的需求。针对以上缺点,本文给出一个应用语义网络原理构筑起来的智能答疑系统。文章分析了建立智能答疑系统的必要性,由此提出了一个基于限定领域的智能答疑系统模型及其技术路线,并以两门大学计算机课程作为知识库来源,实现了系统的功能。试验结果表明,本文所提出的方法有效地提高了查询精度,用户界面友好方便。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.