A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Hydrogel to Promote Vascularization via Blood Sugar Reduction for Wound Healing

Chronic hyperglycemic damage is a major problem that undermines diabetic wound healing. By combining treatment and diagnosis together, blood glucose concentration can be monitored real-time through medical imaging devices and precise interventions can be carried out at the right time to promote diabetic wound repair. In this study, an injectable self-healing hyaluronic acid hydrogel is constructed using Schiff base reaction, and nanoenzymes (GOx-MnO₂) synthesized by condensation reaction, along with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-nanobubbles produced by double emulsification method, are loaded into the hydrogel, thus constructing an innovative diagnostic and therapeutic hydrogel system (US@GOx@VEGF hydrogel, UGV hydrogel). While monitoring glucose concentration in real-time, the system delivers VEGF through ultrasound in a precise and noninvasive way to deplete glucose. The UGV hydrogel integrates both processes of diagnosis and treatment, effectively releases VEGF through blasts triggered by ultrasound. Apart from this, this new trauma patch is capable of monitoring Mn²⁺ values ranging from 0.5 m to 7.8 × 10⁻³ m and glucose levels from 100 × 10⁻³ to 3 × 10⁻³ m , through magnetic resonance imaging. In summary, the hydrogel realizes real-time monitoring of glucose level, maintains glucose homeostasis through noninvasive intervention, and rapidly promotes the repair of diabetic skin defects, opening up a new path for chronic wound management.     

基于Fabry-Perot光纤应变传感技术的监测系统

介绍了外腔式光纤法布里-珀罗(F-P)应变传感器的基本原理和信号调理技术。设计了基于F-P应变传感技术和虚拟仪器技术的结构应变实时监测系统并应用于桥梁健康监测现场。现场应用结果表明,法布里-珀罗光纤传感器与传统传感器相比具有响应速度快、动静态测量、绝对测量、抗电磁干扰和易于与钢筋、混凝土复合等特点,适用于桥梁等结构的应变测试。所设计的应变监测系统可用于结构健康状态的在线监测。     

浮空器柔性复合蒙皮形变光纤布拉格光栅传感器应变传递特性

为提高浮空器气囊蒙皮形变光纤布拉格光栅监测的应变传递效率,研究了柔性复合蒙皮光纤光栅应变传递特性。针对柔性复合蒙皮材料结构特征,建立了“光纤光栅—粘贴层—蒙皮结构”三层应变传递模型,推导出应变传递变化函数,通过解析方法和有限元方法对光纤光栅传感器各点应变传递率进行了计算,并分析了粘贴层及蒙皮结构相关参数对应变传递率的影响,得出表面粘贴式光纤光栅传感结构最佳封装参数。研究结果表明,对于传感器中部的应变传递效率,解析和数值方法计算误差小于5%,当粘贴层弹性模量为0.5 GPa、粘贴长度为40 mm、粘贴宽度为6 mm、上下粘贴层厚度分别为0.2 mm和0.1 mm时,光纤光栅应变传递模型封装参数优化后的应变传递率可达97.04%,可满足浮空器气囊形变监测的灵敏度要求。     

A Multifunctional Pro‐Healing Zwitterionic Hydrogel for Simultaneous Optical Monitoring of pH and Glucose in Diabetic Wound Treatment

Diabetic ulcer is the most common kind of chronic wound worldwide. Though great efforts have been devoted, diabetic ulcer still remains as a challenge that requires constant monitoring and management. In this work, a multifunctional zwitterionic hydrogel is developed to simultaneously detect two fluctuant wound parameters, pH and glucose level, to monitor the diabetic wound status. A pH indicator dye (phenol red) and two glucose sensing enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), are encapsulated in the anti‐biofouling and biocompatible zwitterionic poly‐carboxybetaine (PCB) hydrogel matrix. The visible images are collected by a smartphone and transformed into RGB signals to quantify the wound parameters. Results show that the activity and stability of both two enzymes are improved within PCB hydrogel, and the K_cat/K_m value of PCB‐HRP is ≈5.5 fold of free HRP in artificial wound exudate. This novel wound dressing can successfully monitor the pH range of 4–8 and glucose level of 0.1–10 × 10^?3 m . Meanwhile, it also provides a moist healing environment that can promote diabetic wound healing. This multifunctional wound dressing may open vistas in chronic wound management and guide the diabetes treatment in clinical applications.     

Highly Oxidation-Resistant and Self-Healable MXene-Based Hydrogels for Wearable Strain Sensor

Very recently, MXene-based wearable hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for epidermal sensors due to their tissue-like softness and unique electrical and mechanical properties. However, it remains a challenge to achieve MXene-based hydrogels with reliable sensing performance and prolonged service life, because MXene inevitably oxidizes in water-containing system of the hydrogels. Herein, catechol-functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-CA)-based hydrogels is proposed to inhibit the oxidation of MXene, leading to rapid self-healing and superior strain sensing behaviors. Sufficient interaction of hydrophobic catechol groups with the MXene surface reduces the oxidation-accessible sites in the MXene for reaction with water and eventually suppresses the oxidation of MXene in the hydrogel. Furthermore, the PVA-CA-MXene hydrogel is demonstrated for use as a strain sensor for real-time motion monitoring, such as detecting subtle human motions and handwriting. The signals of PVA-CA-MXene hydrogel sensor can be accurately classified using deep learning models.     

New noninvasive transcutaneous approach to blood glucosemonitoring: successful glucose monitoring on human 75 g OGTT with novelsampling chamber

A novel noninvasive and quasi-continuous method of transcutaneous blood glucose monitoring for use with the human 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been developed. The effused fluid was obtained by applying suction on the skin surface and labeled suction effusion fluid (SEF). The system consists of two main parts: a suction apparatus and the glucose sensor system. The suction apparatus applies vacuum to the patient's skin at 400 mmHg absolute pressure to collect the SEF. The miniature ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) based glucose sensor can measure glucose in small SEF quantities. The monitoring system is based on the association between the glucose concentration in the SEF and in the serum. During the 75 g OGTT, the glucose change in the SEF was measured every 10 min. Although a response delay of up to 20 min was observed in the SEF glucose change, it was possible to perform the 75 g OGTT by this noninvasive monitoring method.     

基于WSN的曲线桥横向位移实时监测系统设计

国内大多数对曲线桥横向位移的研究都是从理论上定性分析,很少有针对曲线桥梁实际横向位移的实时监测系统,而现行的桥梁监测系统大多是对桥梁的扰度进行监测,因此设计了一种针对曲线桥桥梁的横向位移的实时监测系统。该系统分为两个部分:由直线位移传感器和无线传感网组成的下位机部分,以及用C#语言设计的下位机数据的浏览、存储管理、实时显示软件组成的上位机部分。通过模拟测试,该系统能实时地监测反映出曲线桥横向位移的动态变化。     

基于光纤传感技术的人字门结构健康监测研究与应用

针对船闸人字门长期处于低速重载、超负荷运行的复杂水域环境下,现有检测手段存在自动化程度低、耗时耗力、易受电磁干扰等问题,提出了基于光纤光栅传感技术的人字门结构健康监测系统。基于光纤光栅传感原理构建了人字门结构健康监测系统,该系统可以感知人字门在运行过程中的应变变化情况,实现了实时数据显示、异常数据监测预警、历史数据回放等功能;针对传感器采集到的数据进行中值滤波处理,提高信号的信噪比。选取典型数据进行分析对比,验证了传感器的重复性及通航关联性,为船闸人字门的安全、稳定工作提供了数据支撑。     

A Robust Wearable Point-of-Care CNT-Based Strain Sensor for Wirelessly Monitoring Throat-Related Illnesses

Point-of-care testing (POC) has the ability to detect chronic and infectious diseases early or at the time of occurrence and provide a state-of-the-art personalized healthcare system. Recently, wearable and flexible sensors have been employed to analyze sweat, glucose, blood, and human skin conditions. However, a flexible sensing system that allows for the real-time monitoring of throat-related illnesses, such as salivary parotid gland swelling caused by flu and mumps, is necessary. Here, for the first time, a wearable, highly flexible, and stretchable piezoresistive sensing patch based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported, which can record muscle expansion or relaxation in real-time, and thus act as a next-generation POC sensor. The patch offers an excellent gauge factor for in-plane stretching and spatial expansion with low hysteresis. The actual extent of muscle expansion is calculated and the gauge factor for applications entailing volumetric deformations is redefined. Additionally, a bluetooth-low-energy system that tracks muscle activity in real-time and transmits the output signals wirelessly to a smartphone app is utilized. Numerical calculations verify that the low stress and strain lead to excellent mechanical reliability and repeatability. Finally, a dummy muscle is inflated using a pneumatic-based actuator to demonstrate the application of the affixed wearable next-generation POC sensor.     

An Injectable Self-Crosslinked Wholly Supramolecular Polyzwitterionic Hydrogel for Regulating Microenvironment to Boost Infected Diabetic Wound Healing

It is highly desirable yet significantly challenging to fabricate injectable, self-crosslinked, self-fused, and antifouling polyzwitterionic hydrogels, whose successful preparation will expand their application scope in biomedical fields. Herein, for the first time, a novel zwitterionic monomer, carboxybetaine urethane acrylate (CBUTA) is designed and synthesized with a urethane group and zwitterion on the same side chain. The strong inter-urethane H-bonds and zwitterionic dipole–dipole interactions of side chains contribute to self-crosslinked wholly supramolecular polyzwitterionic hydrogel that is directly formed from photoinitiated polymerization of CBUTA aqueous solution without adding any chemical crosslinkers. After being swollen in water, the polyCBUTA (PCBUTA) hydrogel is squeezed into small particles and freeze-dried to obtain hydrogel powder. The injectable and wholly zwitterionic supramolecular PCBUTA hydrogel can be easily reconstructed by mixing hydrogel powder with water due to the recombination of H-bonds of urethane groups and zwitterionic dipole–dipole interactions. The re-formed PCBUTA hydrogel exhibits an excellent self-fused and antifouling ability, and this injectable PCBUTA hydrogel, endowed with a microenvironment-regulated function, demonstrates excellent glucose consumption, antioxidation, antibacterial, and angiogenesis ability, thus accelerating the infected diabetic wound healing. Overall, this work provides a promising strategy to develop injectable and wholly zwitterionic hydrogels that will find broad biomedical applications.     

基于MEMS传感器的姿态检测系统

基于MEMS传感器设计了一种姿态检测系统,通过MEMS传感器获取角速度、加速度等信息,利用硬件对采集的数据进行滤波处理,实现目标物体运动过程中姿态角的测量。采用互补滤波对数据进行融合,有效消除了噪声干扰,提高了系统的检测精度。无线模块的应用实现了下位机与上位机的同步,实时显示目标物体的运动姿态。实验表明,该系统具有较高的测量精度及良好的实时显示效果。     

基于ZigBee的远程医疗监护系统研究与实现

针对我国医疗资源紧缺及预防治疗体系不够完善的现状,基于ZigBee通信协议的无线传感器网络技术构建了一种基于社区范围实时监护的远程医疗监护系统。该系统由上位PC机、ZigBee无线单片机套件、传感器节点、传感器模块组成,该系统将测量到的各种生理信号通过无线传感器网络传输到医疗监护中心,以做出诊断救治。     

基于全同弱光纤Bragg光栅阵列的铁路轨道监测系统

现有的铁路轨道监测主要采用电类传感技术,易受电磁场、外界环境的影响,存在着安全的隐患。因此,采用基于全同弱光纤光栅（wFBG）阵列的铁路轨道应变在线监测技术,用于实时监测轨道的占用情况。通过有限元模拟仿真设计出能感测铁路应变的传感器结构,研究了传感器的封装技术。通过检测wFBG波长漂移得到应变信号从而实现高灵敏度应变测量。采用全同wFBG阵列对传感器和系统进行了实验室和现场实验研究。结果表明:该传感结构可以实现较小的光学损耗,并且能够保证传感器的灵敏度达到3.4 pm/,线性度达到0.997 82,迟滞误差达到0.8%。该铁路轨道在线监测系统可以满足铁路运行管理的实际需要。     

Enhanced Performance of a ZnO Nanowire‐Based Self‐Powered Glucose Sensor by Piezotronic Effect

A self‐powered, piezotronic effect‐enhanced glucose sensor based on metal‐semiconductor‐metal (M–S–M) structured single ZnO nanowire device is demonstrated. A triboelectrical nanogenerator (TENG) is integrated to build a self‐powered glucose monitoring system (GMS) to realize the continuously monitoring of glucose concentrations. The performance of the glucose sensor is generally enhanced by the piezotronic effect when applying a –0.79% compressive strain on the device, and magnitude of the output signal is increased by more than 200%; the sensing resolution and sensitivity of sensors are improved by more than 200% and 300%, respectively. A theoretical model using energy band diagram is proposed to explain the observed results. This work demonstrates a promising approach to raise the sensitivity, improve the sensing resolution, and generally enhance the performance of glucose sensors, also providing a possible way to build up a self‐powered GMS.     

基于植入式光纤传感网络的固体火箭发动机结构健康监测

为实现对固体火箭发动机结构健康状态的实时监测和评估,设计并研制了一种高强度飞秒光栅传感网络,重点研究了传感器与信号传输链路的涂覆和封装。开展了发动机界面脱粘模拟实验。设计可用于发动机应变、温度和载荷的模拟演示系统,建立了基于光纤传感器采集数据的发动机数字孪生模型,形成发动机实物与数字孪生体的精准映射。最后将光纤传感器阵列植入发动机,对发动机开展水压监测实验、高低温存储实验、长周期监测实验和点火实验。对监测结果进行无损检测验证,结果表明该传感网络能够准确测量出发动机的应变状态,为固体火箭发动机的结构健康管理提供有效的数据支撑。     

应用FBG应变箍传感器的管道安全监测研究

为了对管道的腐蚀以及泄漏进行长期、实时监测, 研发了一种光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)应变箍传感器,利用研发的传感器测量管道的环向应变,通 过环向应变的测量实现管道腐蚀以及泄漏的监测。为了探讨本文方法的可行性,将研发的FB G应变传感器安装在PVC管道上,进行腐蚀与泄漏的模拟实验,实验结果表明,研发的FBG应 变箍传感器可以测量到管道壁厚变化以及泄漏产生的负压波信号。表明用研发的传感器进行 管道腐蚀以及泄漏的方法是可行的。     

无线光纤温度传感系统

基于无线通信技术,研究了一种应用于检测电力设施安全性的无线光纤温度传感系统.系统采用光纤传感技术进行温度监测,可以实现具有组网灵活、实时监测等特点的安全传感网络.传感信号处理包括光电转换、前置放大和窄带滤波等电路系统构成,可实现微弱的光电信号的检测,并采用了无线的方式进行传感与控制信号的传输,从而实现对大范围区域的温度...     

基于SPI接口的温度测量系统

设计了基于SPI接口的温度测量系统,采用ATmega16单片机控制,TC72温度传感器采集温度,以及1602液晶屏进行数据显示。系统主要由温度传感器电路、LCD液晶显示模块电路、矩阵式键盘电路、报警电路和ATmega16单片机控制电路5个模块组成。ATmega16单片机根据TC72温度传感器检测到的温度,经一定的控制算法给出控制信号,通过LCD显示出检测温度的大小;矩阵键盘可以设定上限和下限温度,当实时温度超出设定范围时,报警电路会发出警报,达到温度测量和控制的目的。     

Enhancing the accuracy of subcutaneous glucose sensors: a real-time deconvolution-based approach

Minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors can greatly help diabetes management. Most of these sensors consist of a needle electrode, placed in the subcutaneous tissue, which measures an electrical current exploiting the glucose-oxidase principle. This current is then transformed to glucose levels after calibrating the sensor on the basis of one, or more, self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) samples. In this study, we design and test a real-time signal-enhancement module that, cascaded to the CGM device, improves the quality of its output by a proper postprocessing of the CGM signal. In fact, CGM sensors measure glucose in the interstitium rather than in the blood compartment. We show that this distortion can be compensated by means of a regularized deconvolution procedure relying on a linear regression model that can be updated whenever a pair of suitably sampled SMBG references is collected. Tests performed both on simulated and real data demonstrate a significant accuracy improvement of the CGM signal. Simulation studies also demonstrate the robustness of the method against departures from nominal conditions, such as temporal misplacement of the SMBG samples and uncertainty in the blood-to-interstitium glucose kinetic model. Thanks to its online capabilities, the proposed signal-enhancement algorithm can be used to improve the performance of CGM-based real-time systems such as the hypo/hyper glycemic alert generators or the artificial pancreas.     

基于LabVIEW的温度测量系统设计

虚拟仪器将计算机技术与测量技术紧密融合,它在进行环境参数测量时无需使用大量的测量设备,最大限度地降低了开发成本。鉴于此,设计了一个基于虚拟仪器技术的温度测量系统。该系统主要由下位机和上位机两部分构成,下位机通过传感器采集温度信号,经单片机以串口通信的方式传送给上位机,上位机中由LabVIEW软件编写的温度测量系统可实时进行温度的显示与报警。测试结果表明,该设计系统的测量精度较高,操作简单,而且可视性很好。