三次谐波光子带隙谐振腔回旋管

分析了光子晶体谐振腔（PBGC）的模式选择功能,实现PBGC回旋管振荡器高阶电磁模与高次电子回旋模的有效耦合。通过对PBGC禁带特性的分析,定出了工作模式TE34模,并成功抑制了模式竞争。文中建立了PBGC回旋管的等效半径的概念,完成了自洽非线性理论和相关的计算机数值模拟程序。研究发现TE34模能有效地与电子的3次回旋谐波相互作用,其耦合频率为130.5GHz,并极大地降低了对工作磁场的要求。在考虑诸多物理因素影响的情况下,对该3次谐波PBGC回旋管振荡器进行了参数优化研究,得到了参数为：电压430kV、电流35A、磁场1.84T、输出功率1.75MW、互作用效率11.5%的3次谐波TE34模PBGC回旋管振荡器。     

高次谐波大回旋太赫兹振荡器多模工作特性

设计了一支可工作于4～9次谐波的大回旋太赫兹振荡管,借助于三维粒子模拟,研究了设计的大回旋振荡管注-波互作用机理、高次谐波工作特性、谐波模式间竞争等关键特性。结果表明,通过调节磁场强度,可以在多个相邻谐波处连续激发振荡,实现频率为240 GHz到460 GHz之间的太赫兹波辐射,最大辐射功率为19kW。同时研究了第7、8和9次谐波模式之间的竞争,讨论了实现稳定注-波互作用和高次谐波状态下单模工作的方法。此外,论文还对不同谐波状态下的欧姆损耗功率进行了研究。     

内外开槽高次谐波回旋管自洽非线性理论

本文采用自洽非线性理论对内外开槽结构高次谐波回旋管进行了数值计算,发现这种结构有利于实现高次谐波相互作用,互作用效率高达30％以上,能与普通回旋管相比拟。     

内外开槽高次谐波回旋管自洽非线性理论

本文采用自洽非线性理论对内外开槽结构高次谐波回旋管进行了数值计算,发现这种结构有利于实现高次谐波相互作用,互作用效率高达３０％以上,能与普通回旋管相比拟。     

带状电子注驱动的准光谐振腔回旋管

回旋管作为一种重要的真空电子源,能够在毫米波和太赫兹频段生成高峰值以及高平均功率的电磁辐射,在波谱学、雷达、通信、生物医学等领域具有广泛的应用前景。传统的回旋管将不可避免地面对激烈的模式竞争问题,引入准光谐振腔将有望大大减小模式竞争的激烈程度。本文基于电子回旋脉塞理论,将准光谐振腔及带状电子注进行结合,以期实现更高的输出功率及效率。仿真结果表明,在电子电压为40 kV,背景磁场为8.4 T时,设计的准光回旋管能在220 GHz频点处产生6.1 kW的输出,电子效率达到6.1%且在一段时间内能稳定运行。本文结构将可能为高频段乃至高次谐波工作的回旋管设计提供全新方案,从而进一步用于通信、雷达等领域。     

3mm二次谐波回旋振荡管设计与数值模拟

二次谐波回旋振荡管的互作用磁场比基波回旋振荡管的磁场降低了一半,从而降低了设计难度,具有广阔的应用前景。通过对单腔结构的W波段二次谐波回旋振荡管高频结构、起振电流、模式竞争以及注波互作用研究,确定了W波段TE02模二次谐波回旋振荡管的基本工作参数,通过粒子模拟(PIC)软件进行计算,在电子注电压为60kV,注电流为6A及速度比为1.5时,获得了67.5kW的输出功率和超过18%的效率,且工作稳定。     

一种回旋管新型复合开放式谐振腔的性能分析

为了有效利用谐振腔的高次模式,使之在毫米波回旋管等器件中发挥重要作用,该文使用一种新型复合开放式谐振腔结构。通过合理设置内腔壁和耦合孔尺寸,提高了腔中谐振模式的选择性。利用Ansoft HFSS高频分析设计软件,对这种腔中模式的谐振进行了数值模拟计算。结果表明这种新复合式谐振腔结构能够有效抑制竞争模式。     

W波段二次谐波回旋行波管放大器

采用谐波工作的回旋管互作用磁场比基波磁场降低了1/s,可降低整管磁场设计难度,具有较大的应用前景。通过对W波段二次谐波回旋行波管高频介质加载结构、模式竞争和注波互作用研究,确定了该放大器的工作参数。非线性模拟表明,当应用100 kV,20 A,α=1.2的电子注时,该回旋管可在91 GHz频率处产生465 kW的输出功率和49 dB的增益结果。并且,基于耦合波理论,讨论了一个轴对称半径微扰的TE02~TE01输出模式变换器,效率在95%以上时,其带宽达到4 GHz。     

220GHz同轴谐振腔回旋管研究

同轴谐振腔相比波导谐振腔具有更大的功率容积,通过调整内外径的尺寸还可降低模式竞争。本文介绍了电子科技大学目前220 GHz同轴谐振腔回旋管的设计与研制工作,给出了谐振腔、电子光学系统与输出结构的设计参数与仿真结果,仿真结果表明该设计可获得100 kW以上的输出功率与20%以上的互作用效率。     

W波段低电压三次谐波回旋振荡管

回旋振荡管采用三次谐波工作方式的互作用磁场只有基波状态磁场的三分之一,可有效降低设计难度,具有广阔的应用前景。通过对三段式单腔结构的耦合系数、起振电流、高频场分布、模式竞争以及注波互作用研究,确定了工作模式为TE03的W波段低电压三次谐波回旋振荡管的基本工作参数;通过粒子模拟软件(PIC)模拟分析,在电子注电压、注电流及速度比分别为35 kV、4 A和1.6时,在93.7 GHz频点处获得15.57 kW的输出功率,效率约11.1%,且该管可在此工作模式下稳定工作。     

W波段准光模式变换器的设计

准光模式变换器是大功率输出回旋管的关键部件.采用高转换效率的准光模式变换器可以横向输出电磁波,增大收集极的尺寸,提高回旋管的输出功率,提高整管效率.该文设计的回旋管内置准光模式变换器由Denisov辐射器天线和四个反射镜组成,输入频率为94GHz,模式为TE_6,2模.采用耦合波理论分析和优化了Denisov辐射器内的场分布,并根据矢量绕射理论编制数值模拟程序计算了各个反射镜上的场分布,其输出功率转换效率达97.2%.利用三维全波仿真软件feko6.0进行对比分析,最后加工所设计的结构并内置于回旋振荡管进行热测实验,结果表明其输出场分布与理论计算结果基本一致.     

Development of a Compact sub-THz Gyrotron FU CW CI for Application to High Power THz Technologies

For application of high frequency gyrotron to high power THz technology, Gyrotron FU CW series is being developed in FIR FU. Gyrotron FU CW CI is developed as one of sub-THz gyrotrons included in the series. The advantage of the gyrotron is compactness using a compact superconducting magnet and compact power supply system, which makes the accesses of the gyrotron to applied large-scale devices easier and extends the applications of gyrotron to wider fields. The designed frequency and cavity mode are 394.5 GHz and TE₂₆ mode for application to the 600 MHz DNP-NMR spectroscopy. As the operation results, the frequency and the output power were 394.03 GHz and around 30 W, respectively, which are available for the application to the 600 MHz DNP-NMR measurement. In addition, this gyrotron can operate at many other frequencies and cavity modes for application to high power THz technologies in wide fields. In this paper, the design and the operation results including long pulse or CW mode are presented.     

降低光子晶体谐振腔Q值的方法分析

该文在分析计算金属光子晶体的正三角形晶格TE模式的色散特性、全局带隙分布图的基础上,针对金属光子晶体结构谐振腔Q值较高的问题,对降低光子晶体谐振腔Q值的方法进行了分析和设计。采用加载介质柱的混合结构和介质微扰两种方法分别对谐振腔的Q值进行有效的控制,并分析了两种方法对谐振腔模式选择性的影响。结果表明,两种方法都能在不改变谐振腔模式选择性和场分布的基础上有效降低Q值,而介质微扰的方法还同时清除了与TE04竞争的两种杂模,提高了模式选择性。     

A W-band Third Harmonic Gyrotron with an Iris Cavity

The design and experimental results of a W-band gyrotron operating at the third cyclotron harmonic are presented. The gyrotron is designed to operate at the TE₆₁ mode, which is significantly distinct from competing modes. An iris cavity is employed for the purpose of trapping the third harmonic mode more effectively and lowering its start current. In the experiment, the gyrotron is drived by a triode magnetron injection gun (MIG) which can produce a 45 kV, 3 A electron beam. When maximum axial magnetic field is 1.22 T, a single mode third harmonic gyrotron radiation is observed with the frequency of 94.86 GHz. The maximum output power is 5.5 kW, corresponding to an efficiency of 4%. Another third harmonic mode TE₀₂ is also detected at 88.8 GHz, with maximum output power of 1.5 kW.     

System Development and Performance Testing of a W-Band Gyrotron

A high-power W-band gyrotron has been designed and performance tested in Korea, with an output power in the range of tens of kilowatts. The gyrotron consists of a diode-type electron gun operating at 40 kV, a TE6,2 mode interaction cavity, and a mode converter for producing a highly Gaussian output mode beam. Presented here are the detailed component design procedure and the experimental results of the gyrotron’s performance evaluation. A maximum power of 62 kW was achieved with an efficiency of 22 %, and a highly Gaussian output beam was observed. The gyrotron’s output beam is analyzed, and its transmission through an oversized waveguide is discussed. This gyrotron is the first gyrotron developed in Korea with high power greater than 10 kW and high frequency greater than 90 GHz.     

Experimental coupling efficiency of shaping mirrors matching a168-GHz gyrotron output wave to the HE11 mode

This paper presents an experiment in which the phase- and amplitude-flattened output of a 168 GHz gyrotron was converted into the HE₁₁ mode, the basic transmitting mode in corrugated waveguides, by means of an external matching box (MBOX) comprising two curved-surface mirrors. In estimating the coupling efficiency between the gyrotron output wave and the HE₁₁ mode, an improved method was proposed in which the reconstructed phase of the gyrotron output wave at four distances are averaged. From the phase reconstruction with averaging, it was found that 76% of the gyrotron output coupled into the HE₁₁ mode in a corrugated waveguide, while a coupling efficiency of 85% was calculated for an ideal gyrotron output. A detailed discussion on the MBOX performance as well as the accuracy of phase reconstruction shows that this low coupling efficiency is due to the nonideality of the actual gyrotron output and that designing the MBOX mirrors based on the actual measurement at the gyrotron window can improve the coupling efficiency     

An improved design for quasi-optical mode conversion of whispering gallery mode gyrotron radiation

Results are reported of a theoretical and experimental investigation of a quasi-optical mode converter for the transformation of whispering gallery mode gyrotron output into a linearly polarized Gaussian like beam. The mode converter consists of a helically cut waveguide launcher, similar to that originally proposed by Vlasovet al, followed by a focusing mirror. Theoretical results using aperture field methods indicate that the length of the waveguide launcher is of critical importance in providing a confined radiation pattern. Experimental results on the radiation pattern were obtained for several launcher lengths using a 0.6 MW, 149 GHz pulsed gyrotron operating in the TE_16,2 mode. Radiation pattern results for the optimum launcher length agree well with theoretical calculations using the Stratton-Chu aperture radiation theory for unperturbed waveguide modes. A mirror focusing in the azimuthal direction was designed by a geometrical optics approach to focus the radiation coming from the launcher. Good focusing with 91.4% efficiency (power in the focused beam divided by gyrotron power) was found experimentally using the combined launcher and mirror with the pulsed gyrotron. These results indicate that quasi-optical antennas are useful for transforming high order, high frequency gyrotron modes into directed beams in free space.     

High Efficiency Mode Converter for Low-Frequency Gyrotron

A high efficiency quasi-optical (QO) mode converter for high-power, low-frequency gyrotron have been designed and tested. For low-frequency gyrotrons, the scales of the mode converter are comparatively small on the wavelength scale, thus causing significant diffraction losses. Over-1 MW power gyrotron with TE_8,3 cavity at 28 GHz have been developed, which has a high efficiency mode converter designed by the use of numerical methods for launcher optimization. This calculation is sufficiently optimized to maximize the fractional Gaussian content of the far field. The total transmission efficiency from the mode converter to output window is 94.7%. For the experimental result of first tube, the output power of more than 1 MW has been obtained with about 40% efficiency and output burn pattern agrees fairly with the calculated profiles, which imply the design appropriateness. Besides, the frequency dependence for diffraction loss is discussed, and these results give the guiding design principle of the mode converter for high-power, low-frequency and long-pulse gyrotrons.     

140 GHz回旋振荡管Denisov辐射器设计

根据几何光学和耦合波理论研究高功率回旋振荡管高阶模式在微扰圆波导中的准光传输特性,并编制出带有微扰结构辐射器准光模式变换系统的仿真程序,给出140 GHz回旋振荡管Denisov辐射器的设计方法及结果,分析其内部激励起的各模式的功率分布曲线和波导壁上的电流密度分布,得到扰动长度为60 mm,总长度为136.5 mm的Denisov辐射器结构,输出功率转换效率为99.1%,可满足140 GHz整管参数设计要求。并利用Feko软件对数值计算结果的可行性进行了有效验证,从而为热核聚变用回旋振荡管的研制打下技术基础。     

High Frequency and High Mode Purity Operations of Gyrotron FU IVA

The cavity of the newest gyrotron, Gyrotron FU IVA in the high frequency series of Fukui University gyrotrons (the Gyrotron FU series) is designed to minimize the mode conversion from the main cavity mode to the higher modes. In this paper, the experimental results are compared with simulations for the complete gyrotron oscillator. The gyrotron has an additional advantage to cover the wide frequency range in submillimeter wave region.