掺铒光纤放大器的增益锁定

本文从掺铒光纤放大器的速率方程理论模型出发、根据光功率传输方程，对多个WDM信道传输时EDFA动态特性进行了模拟分析。提出了以某一路信道进行反馈从而实现增益锁定的方案，模拟计算结果表明，当EDFA的输入功率不超过形成激光振荡所容许的最大输入功率时，以某一路信道信号光进行反馈可以实现增益的稳定锁定；增益锁定作用的时间响应相当快，达到稳态增益锁定值的时间小于5ms；当上下信道或信道功率变化时，增益锁定仍然十分有效。     

掺铒光纤放大器增益控制技术

在波分复用(WDM)通信系统中,由于上下载而导致信道数目的变化,引起光功率随时间变化,从而各信道通过EDFA后的增益也将发生变化,产生功率瞬态波动和交叉增益调制。特别是在级联的EDFA放大系统中,对EDFA的增益控制显得尤为重要。本文分析比较了几种常见的掺铒光纤放大器自动增益控制技术。     

掺铒光纤放大器增益控制技术

在波分复用(WDM)通信系统中，由于上下载而导致信道数目的变化，引起光功率随时间变化，从而各信道通过EDFA后的增益也将发生变化，产生功率瞬态波动和交叉增益调制。特别是在级联的EDFA放大系统中，对EDFA的增益控制显得尤为重要。本分析比较了几种常见的掺铒光纤放大器自动增益控制技术。     

WDM系统中的EDFA的分析设计

融合全光反馈增益锁定、光电反馈增益控制技术。提出了一种在波分复用（WDM）系统中进行多信道放大的新型掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）,给出了同时采用以上两种技术的完整的数学模型,并采用数值积分法对该EDFA进行了分析设计,最终给出了该EDFA的一些特性参数。     

C-band EDFA级联及增益锁定

从输出光功率、信号增益、噪声指数等几个方面分析了 C- band全带 EDFA的特性 ,并针对 DWDM系统对 EDFA的各项指标如噪声指数、输出功率、增益锁定、增益平坦等的要求 ,着重分析 EDFA级联后对系统的影响 .实验结果为 :对 32波 DWDM系统 ,EDFA6级级联模拟 5× 2 5d B传输实验 ,增益平坦度为 3.5d B,光信噪比 >2 7d B,信道增减造成增益变化 <0 .6d B.     

由Giles模型对L-band EDFA的理论分析

本文通过运用Giles模型对L-band EDFA在不同泵浦波长下的增益、不同泵浦功率与光纤长度的关系以及各种增益特性等进行了数值模拟,并同时辅以C-band EDFA进行比较计算,从理论上对L-band EDFA的特性进行了较为详细的分析说明,并得出了一些新颖的结论。     

具有动态增益均衡特性的低噪声全光增益箝位EDFA

针对全光增益箝位EDFA噪声指数恶化以及用于WDM系统时增益动态变化两个问题,提出具有动态增益均衡特性的低噪声全光增益箝位EDFA,在35 nm范围内,输入信号功率在-40 dBm到0 dBm之间变化时,增益变化被箝制在1 dB范围内,同时保持单波长输入噪声指数<4.5 dB,多波长输入增益谱不平坦度<0.4,噪声指数<5.5 dB,有效解决了以上问题.     

具有动态增益均衡特性的低噪声全光增益箝位EDFA

针对全光增益箝位EDFA噪声指数恶化以及用于WDM系统时增益动态变化两个问题,提出具有动态增益均衡特性的低噪声全光增益箝位EDFA,在35 nm范围内,输入信号功率在-40 dBm到0 dBm之间变化时,增益变化被箝制在1 dB范围内,同时保持单波长输入噪声指数＜4.5 dB,多波长输入增益谱不平坦度＜04,噪声指数＜5.5 dB,有效解决了以上问题.     

由Giles模型对L-band EDFA的理论分析

本文通过运用Giles模型对L—band EDFA在不同泵浦波长下的增益、不同泵浦功率与光纤长度的关系以及各种增益特性等进行了数值模拟，并同时辅以C—band EDFA进行比较计算，从理论上对L-band EDFA的特性进行了较为详细的分析说明，并得出了一些新颖的结论。     

单信道EDFA在WDM城域网中的应用研究

通过研究单信道EDFA在多信道工作条件下的增益特性,指出合理设计单信道EDFA的结构参数,可使得EDF的增益平坦度达到最佳。设计了应用于WDM城域网中的单信道EDFA,降低了系统成本并保证了系统灵活性。     

带有前置EDFA卫星相干激光通信终端的信噪比分析

卫星激光通信链路是一项实现卫星大规模星座组网的关键技术。相干激光链路灵敏度高、抗背景干扰、速率升级空间大,在星间激光链路中应用广泛。文章建立了带有前置掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)的卫星相干激光通信终端的信噪比分析模型,仿真分析了EDFA功率增益、EDFA噪声系数、本振光功率、信号光功率、光放后端光带宽、基带前端电带宽对终端输出信噪比的影响以及各种输出噪声功率占比的情况,得到了带有前置EDFA卫星相干激光通信终端的信噪比参数特性。     

An EDFA gain control and power monitoring scheme for fault detection in WDM networks by employing a power-stabilized control channel

Schemes are proposed for the highly reliable gain control of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) and for power monitoring to detect faults in wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks. These schemes employ one WDM channel (a control channel). The EDFA gain and output power levels are controlled by monitoring the control channel power that is automatically controlled and stabilized in the node. This prevents the uncontrolled EDFA operation that might result from any serious change in the control channel power. The use of a power stabilized control channel for power monitoring makes it possible to detect transmission system faults correctly because the monitoring of the control channel power is unaffected by the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) generated in the EDFA. We also report experimental results on the dependence of the transient response of the EDFA gain and output power on the signal channel power and channel number input into the EDFA, when the power of the control channel changes due to problems with its light source. Numerical calculation of the gain transience explains the experimental results.     

980 nm抽运时掺铒光纤放大器中的上转换发光效应研究

采用980nm抽运的掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）中存在上转换发光效应。能级分析和光谱扫描结果表明上转换辐射光为绿色荧光。波长为538nm和514nm，其产生机理为铒离子的激发态吸收效应（ESA）。从理论和实验两方面分析了抽运功率和信号功率这两个放大参量对上转换绿色荧光的影响，结果表明，存在一个特殊抽运功率值，当抽运功率小于该值时，上转换绿色荧光的抽运效率随抽运功率的增加而快速增大；抽运功率大于该值时，上转换绿色荧光的抽运效率变化缓慢，基本保持稳定。掺铒光纤放大器工作在线性放大状态下，输入信号的有无和功率大小对绿色荧光影响很小；掺铒光纤放大器工作在饱和状态下，绿色荧光功率随输入信号功率增加而增加。     

Performance optimization of radio-on-fiber systems employing erbium doped fiber amplifier for optical single sideband signals considering intermodulation distortion

The performances of radio on fiber (RoF) systems with a dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are optimized by numerical equations including the third order intermodulation (IM3) as well as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. We investigate a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) considering fiber dispersion with respect to an input signal power and an EDFA gain in both noise-dominant and third order intermodulation (IM3)-dominant cases. We also verify that the numerical analysis results are well matched with those of a commercial simulator, VPItransmissionMaker. In the analysis results, the optimum input signal power for the maximum SNDR of a RoF system with EDFA was reduced over 8 dB compared with that without EDFA. The dramatic reduction of IM3 power at a receiver was resulted from this decrement of input signal power. Thus, the maximum SNDR of the system with EDFA was obtained over 17 dB at 40 km fiber compared with that of the system without EDFA. In addition, the results showed that the SNDR was efficiently improved by EDFA in the noise-dominant case, while the SNDR improvement was negligible by EDFA in the IM3 dominant case.     

多波长掺铒光纤激光放大器的放大特性研究

为了研究多波长掺铒光纤激光放大器的放大特性,在单频放大器的基础上,忽略放大自发辐射,推导了描述多波长掺铒双包层光纤放大器的稳态速率方程组,建立了多波长掺铒光纤放大器的理论模型。利用该模型对单波长放大、双波长放大、四波长放大的特性,进行了数值模拟和理论分析;以四波长的激光信号放大为例,对多波长掺铒光纤放大器的放大特性,均衡增益特性进行了研究。结果表明,在单波长注入情况下,光纤放大器的掺杂光纤存在最佳光纤长度为8m;与小信号放大不同,大功率掺铒光纤放大器在1530nm~1560nm之间增益谱趋于平坦;双波长放大输出功率差随着波长间隔的增加线性增大波长间隔为20nm时,通过调节输入信号功率比可以实现最大功率差6.855W的功率均衡补偿;四波长放大时,通过信号功率配比之后的四波长激光输出功率最大偏差为0.28W,在一定范围内实现了均衡增益。这一结果对于掺铒光纤激光的多波长激光输出以及在激光多普勒测风雷达中的应用具有一定帮助。     

Decreasing EDFA transients by power shaping

Multi-wavelength optical networks make extensive use of erbium-doped optical amplifiers (EDFAs) to offset the effects of fiber attenuation and signal power splitting. As optical networking moves towards burst and packet switching, the effects of changes of optical power levels on one wavelength, or channel, can have an impact on the behavior of other wavelengths passing through the same amplifier and impair network performance. We have observed in our simulations of EDFA operation that both the amplitude and duration of EDFA transients will decrease when gradual changes are made to the input power of the EDFA. It was also verified in [D.H. Richards, J.L. Jackel, M.A. Ali, A theoretical investigation of dynamic all-optical automatic gain control in multichannel EDFA’s and EDFA cascades, J. Select. Top. Quantum Electron. 3 (4) (1997)] that the switching time of the channel dropping operation can influence the amplitude and duration of EDFA transients. We show that this effect can be exploited to successfully suppress EDFA transients by power shaping. Our approach is to increase/decrease the power of an added/dropped channel gradually, rather than abruptly. Power shaping can be implemented by adapting existing link layer protocols. It is general and can be applied to amplifiers using different technologies, including EDFAs, solid state and Raman amplifiers.     

有关L波段EDFA的模型及其解法

通过Giles C R的EDFA数学模型,经过一系列的变换和近似得到一组光场强度与反转离子数浓度之间的带边界条件的偏微分方程。我们通过特定的数值方法解此方程组得到L波段EDFA的相关特性。     

Gain stabilization in gain clamped EDFA cascades fed by WDMburst-mode packet traffic

This paper studies via simulation the stabilizing effect of all-optical gain-clamping (AOGC) in a chain of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) fed by wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) burst-mode packet traffic. AOGC is necessary to suppress swings of output power and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR). A case study is selected, in which only the first EDFA in a cascade of six amplifiers is clamped using a ring laser configuration. A numerical model which solves the transcendental equation for the average inversion at each EDFA is used for the analysis. The traffic is generated on the eight WDM channels by ON-OFF time-slotted sources, with statistically independent ON and OFF durations, randomly generated by a truncated Pareto distribution with infinite variance. The simulation model includes the generation of amplified spontaneous emission within each amplifier and the propagation of the lasing power generated in the AOGC EDFA through the cascade. It is shown that the sizable power and OSNR swings arising in an unclamped cascade of EDFA's can be effectively suppressed when a lasing signal a few decibels above the aggregate signal power develops in the AOGC EDFA and propagates along the cascade     

输入信号功率对EDFA增益斜率的影响

研究输入信号功率对掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)增益斜率的影响,可为EDFA的优化设计提供理论参考.采用了实验分析和数值模拟两种方法,在EDF长度为14 m,输入波长为1530～1562 nm,泵浦光功率为400mW时,对输入信号功率为-5～5 dBm的EDFA增益斜率进行了对比,发现随着输入信号功率的增大,增益斜率也逐渐...     

混合RFA/EDFA与EDFA的QoS性能比较

介绍了采用EDFA系统与采用混合RFA/EDFA系统的两种WDM网络,在放大器正常放大、遭受大功率信号攻击、遭受大功率噪声攻击三种环境下进行研究,通过理论分析和仿真试验得出,在系统QoS性能方面,采用混合RFA/EDFA的系统优于只采用EDFA的系统。